Rasmussen University – NUR2063: Essentials of Pathophysiology
Adapted from ATI, System Disorder Active Learning Template
09/09/2021
Pathophysiology
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Student Name:
Disorder/Disease process:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF Rheumatoid Arthritis: (Howard R Smith, 2022)
- Pre-rheumatoid arthritis occurs prior to the start of clinically evident RA (pre-RA). The
following phases represent the evolution of pre-RA and its progression to established
RA. (Paul et al., 2017)
• Phase I - Interaction of RA risk factors from the environment and genes
• Phase II - Production of RA autoantibodies, including anti-cyclic citrullinated
peptide (ACCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) (anti-CCP)
• Phase III - arthralgia or stiffness of the joints developing without any clinical
signs of arthritis
• Phase IV: The onset of arthritis in one or more joints (early undifferentiated
arthritis); if the arthritis is intermittent at this stage, it is known as palindromic
rheumatism.
• Established RA in Phase V
- While B cells create autoantibodies, CD4 T cells, mononuclear phagocytes, fibroblasts,
osteoclasts, and neutrophils play significant biological roles in the pathogenesis of RA
(ie, rheumatoid factors). (Deane & Holers, 2020)
- In the end, cartilage is destroyed as a result of inflammation and the synovium's
exuberant proliferation (i.e., pannus). (Deane & Holers, 2020)
Sources:
Dr. Howard R. Smith January 31, 2022. arthritis rheumatoid (RA). Essentials of Practice,
Background, and Pathophysiology taken from
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/331715-overview on October 31, 2022?
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B. J. Paul, H. I. Kandy, and V. Krishnan (2017). prevention of pre-rheumatoid arthritis. 4(2),
161–165. European Journal of Rheumatology.
https://doi.org/10.5152/eurjrheum.2017.16006
Holers, V. M.; Deane, K. D. (2020). Pathogenesis, prognosis, and prevention of rheumatoid
arthritis: An emergent paradigm change. Rheumatology & Arthritis, 73(2), 181–193.
https://doi.org/10.1002/art.41417 [Show Less]