In which pair of hormones does the first cause increased secretion of the
second?
A)
ACTH; cortisol
B)
FSH; aldosterone
C)
LH; insulin
D)
TSH;
... [Show More] prolactin
Feedback: Correct Answer
2INCORRECT The anterior pituitary gland is also called the
A)
adenohypophysis
B)
neurohypophysis
C)
hypothalamus
D)
sella turcica
Feedback: The hypophysis is the pituitary gland.
3
INCORRECT Which of the following events could be a result of damage to the
hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system?
A)
decreased secretion of ADH (vasopressin)
B)
decreased secretion of oxytocin
C)
decreased secretion of thyroid stimulating hormoneD)
decreased secretion of parathyroid hormone
Feedback: The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system carries hormones
from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.
4 CORRECT
Secretion of many anterior pituitary hormones is controlled by other
hormones from the
A)
pancreatic islets
B)
thyroid gland
C)
hypothalamus
D)
adrenal gland
Feedback: Correct Answer
5
INCORRECT Anterior pituitary cells called mammotropes (lactotropes) secrete
A)
adrenocorticotropic hormone
B)
follicle stimulating hormone
C)
growth hormone
D)
prolactin
Feedback: "Lac" means "milk" in Latin.
6
INCORRECT Which of the following consists of nerve tissue, and is a down growth from
the hypothalamus?
A)
anterior pituitaryB)
adrenal cortex
C)
thymus
D)
posterior pituitary
Feedback: It is attached to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum.
7
INCORRECT From its point of secretion until it reaches its target cells, TRH is found in or
passes through which structures?
A)
hypothalamus, hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract, posterior pituitary
B)
hypothalamus, hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal vessels, anterior
pituitary
C)
anterior pituitary, vascular system, thyroid gland
D)
thyroid gland, vascular system, target organs and tissues
Feedback: TRH stimulates the secretion of TSH.
8
INCORRECT The sella turcica is the location of which gland?
A)
thymus
B)
adrenal
C)
pineal
D)
pituitary
Feedback: The sella turcica is a depression in the superior surface of the
sphenoid bone9
INCORRECT The hormone ADH is produced by cells whose bodies are in the ____, but it
is actually released or secreted in the _____.
A)
anterior pituitary; posterior pituitary
B)
hypothalamus; anterior pituitary
C)
hypophysis; hypothalamus
D)
hypothalamus; posterior pituitary
Feedback: ADH travels between these two structures by way of the
hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.
10
CORRECT If the hypothalamus fails to secrete GnRH, the effect would be
A)
hyposecretion of pituitary gonadotropins
B)
hypersecretion of pituitary gonadotropins
C)
hyposecretion of prolactin
D)
hypersecretion of oxytocin
Feedback: Correct Answer
11
CORRECT Osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus are involved in the secretion of
A)
GH
B)
aldosterone
C)
ADHD)
ACTH
Feedback: Correct Answer
12
INCORRECT All of the following are functions of the endocrine system except:
A)
Regulate blood calcium levels
B)
Regulate the heart rate
C)
Control the water balance of the body
D)
Regulate body temperature
Feedback: Body temperature regulation is the function of the Integumentary
system.
13
INCORRECT The releasing and inhibiting hormones are produced by the
A)
hypothalamus to control anterior pituitary
B)
hypothalamus to control posterior pituitary
C)
anterior pituitary
D)
posterior pituitary
Feedback: Hyptothalamus is the master gland exerting control over the
release of hormones by anterior pituitary.
14
INCORRECT The term gonadotropins refers to this pair of hormones.
A)
FSH and LHB)
TSH and ACTH
C)
PRF and PIF
D)
somatomedins and somatotropin
Feedback: FSH stands for follicle stimulating hormone and LH for
luteinizing hormone.
15
INCORRECT Which hormone is required for ovulation and formation of the corpus
luteum?
A)
FSH
B)
LH
C)
TSH
D)
PRL
Feedback: LH stands for luteinizing hormone.
16
INCORRECT Which hormone stimulates its target cells to divide, increases their rate of
protein synthesis, decreases their use of glucose and increases their use of
fats?
A)
cortisol
B)
thyrocalcitonin
C)
insulin
D)
growth hormoneFeedback: When cells divide, they make more cells. Protein synthesis would
also enlarge cells or create extracellular material between cells. What
process requires more or larger cells?
17
INCORRECT Which stimulus would increase the rate of growth hormone secretion?
A)
high blood glucose levels
B)
high blood protein levels
C)
deep sleep
D)
high somatostatin levels
Feedback: The root "stasis" means to stop or stand still and could apply to
either growth or secretion. Growth hormone increases both blood glucose
and blood protein levels.
18
INCORRECT ADH is also called vasopressin because at high concentrations it causes
A)
increased urine output
B)
constriction of blood vessels
C)
increased potassium secretion by the kidneys
D)
decreased sodium retention by the kidneys
Feedback: "Vaso" means vessel.
19
CORRECT ADH is secreted in response to
A)
overhydration
increased volume of the body fluidsB)
C)
increased osmotic pressure of the body fluids
D)
high blood pressure
Feedback: Correct Answer
20
INCORRECT Which hormone is sometimes given to women to induce (start) labor?
A)
glucagon
B)
prolactin
C)
progesterone
D)
oxytocin
Feedback: The name of the drug used to induce labor is pitocin.
21
INCORRECT The primary action of antidiuretic hormone, also called vasopressin, is to
A)
cause a decrease in blood calcium levels.
B)
promote the retention of water by the kidneys.
C)
increase metabolic rate.
D)
stimulate uterine smooth muscle contractions during delivery.
Feedback: A diuretic is a drug that increases urine output.
22
INCORRECT Which of these is NOT a function of one or both of the pituitary
gonadotropins?A)
stimulate milk production in the mammary gland
B)
stimulate growth of ovarian follicles
C)
promote production of sperm cells in the testes
D)
stimulate secretion of sex hormones from ovaries and testes
Feedback: The gonads are the ovaries and testes.
23
INCORRECT A hormone whose target cells are endocrine cells is called
A)
autocrine
B)
paracrine
C)
tropic
D)
pheromones
Feedback: Tropic hormones regulate the secretion of hormones from
endocrine glands.
24
INCORRECT All of the following pituitary gland hormones are tropic except
A)
ACTH
B)
FSH
C)
TSH
D)
GHFeedback: Target cells for GH are bone cells.
25
INCORRECT Diabetes insipidus is due to
A)
low levels of insulin
B)
low levels of glucagon
C)
lack of ADH secretion
D)
increased production of insulin
Feedback: Symptoms of the disorder include increased production of urine.
26
INCORRECT GnRH directly stimulates the release of
A)
FSH
B)
estrogen
C)
progesterone
D)
testosterone
Feedback: FSH and LH are together known as "gonadotropins".
27
INCORRECT Elevated levels of which of the following hormones could cause a goiter?
A)
FSH
B)
thyrocalcitonin
C)
glucagonD)
TSH
Feedback: The thyroid gland enlarges when it cannot make enough thyroid
hormone or when it is told to make more than is necessary
28
INCORRECT Hypersecretion of which of the following hormones causes increased
metabolic rate, sensitivity to heat, weight loss, and protruding eyes?
A)
parathyroid hormone
B)
estrogen
C)
cortisol
D)
thyroid hormone
Feedback: This hormone is involved in maintaining normal body
temperature in cold conditions.
29
INCORRECT The normal histological structure of which endocrine gland consists of small,
spherical structures whose walls are made of one layer of cuboidal cells?
A)
thyroid
B)
parathyroid
C)
adrenal cortex
D)
pancreatic islets
Feedback: The spherical structures are filled with a material called
thyroglobulin.30
CORRECT Which hormone is released in response to high blood calcium levels?
A)
insulin
B)
cortisol
C)
calcitonin
D)
parathyroid hormone
Feedback: Correct Answer
31
INCORRECT Lack of iodine in the diet causes decreased production of which hormone?
A)
androgens
B)
prolactin
C)
growth hormone
D)
thyroid hormone
Feedback: In the gland that makes this hormone the follicle cells have an
iodine "pump" to remove iodine from the blood.
32
INCORRECT What is the function of thyroglobulin?A)
It is where thyroid hormone is manufactured.
B)
It controls blood calcium levels.
C)
It transports thyroid hormones in the blood.
D)
It stores lipids and carbohydrates.
Feedback: The root "thyro" refers to the thyroid gland.
33
CORRECT The thyroid gland is located
A)
superior to the kidneys
B)
inferior to the hypothalamus
C)
inferior to the larynx and anterior to the trachea
D)
posterior to the stomach
Feedback: Correct Answer
34
INCORRECT Some people are born with extra parathyroid glands. This is most likely to
causeA)
high levels of calcium in the urine
B)
decreased intestinal uptake of calcium
C)
hypocalcemia
D)
increased rates of bone resorption and decreased bone density
Feedback: Parathyroid hormone raises blood calcium levels by, among other
things, taking it away from bone tissue.
35
INCORRECT Hypoparathyroidism would cause
A)
hypocalcemia
B)
hypercalcemia
C)
increased intestinal calcium absorption
D)
increased vitamin D activation
Feedback: Parathyroid hormone stimulates osteoclasts.
36
INCORRECT The final step in the activation of vitamin D occurs in the
A)
intestines
B)
kidney
C)
liver
D) [Show Less]