When is the Assume Referential Integrity option available, and what does it accomplish?
1) Available in the Edit Relationships menu when connected to
... [Show More] data source(s) using DirectQuery
2) Enables queries on the data source(s) to use INNER JOIN statements rather than OUTER JOIN, which improves query efficiency
What are the requirements for using the Assume Referential Integrity option when connecting to data?
1) Data in the 'Many' side of the table relationship (foreign key) is never NULL or blank
2) For each value in the 'Many' table, there is a corresponding value in the 'One' table
What is the difference between Focus mode and Spotlight in both PBI Desktop and PBI Service?
Focus mode = causes the visual to fill the entire canvas (window icon when hovering over visual)
Spotlight = highlights the selected visual and causes all other visuals to fade to near-transparency (ellipsis icon when hovering over visual > flashlight icon)
What happens when displaying a tooltip (either a Report or Default tooltip) in a line chart with multiple lines, and why?
When a tooltip is displayed for a line chart, only one tooltip for all lines in the chart is displayed. This is because the field in the legend does not get passed through as a filter for the tooltip. In other words, the tooltip ignores the legend filter.
In PBI Service, on which kinds of Dashboard tiles can data alerts be set?
Tiles pinned from Report visuals, and only on Gauges, KPIs, and Cards. Alerts can also be set on the above visuals created from streaming datasets that you pin from a Report to a Dashboard
BUT
Alerts CANNOT be set on streaming tiles created directly on the Dashboard using "Add tile > Custom streaming data"
TRUE OR FALSE
Data alerts are visible to everyone who has access to the Dashboard.
FALSE
Data alerts are only visible to the user who creates them, even if they are not the Dashboard owner.
What is the purpose of using an On-premises Data Gateway?
The On-premises Data Gateway acts as a bridge to provide quick and secure data transfer between on-premises data (data that isn't in the cloud) and several Microsoft cloud services (Power BI, PowerApps, Azure Analysis Services, etc). By using a Data Gateway, you can keep databases and other data sources on their on-premises networks, yet securely use that on-premises data in cloud services.
What is the difference between an On-premises Data Gateway and an On-premises Data Gateway (Personal Mode)? When would you use one over the other?
On-premises = allows multiple users to connect to multiple on-premises data sources. Can be used with all supported services with a single gateway installation. Well-suited to complex scenarios with multiple people accessing multiple data sources.
Personal mode = allows one user to connect to multiple data sources, but can't be shared with others. Can be used only with Power BI. Well-suited to scenarios where you're the only person who creates reports, and you don't need to share any data sources with others.
What steps are necessary to use a Data Gateway?
1) Download and install the gateway on a local computer.
2) Configure the gateway based on your firewall and other network requirements.
3) Add gateway admins who can also manage and administer other network requirements.
4) Use the gateway to refresh an on-premises data source.
What is the difference between Drill down and Drill-through?
Drill down = going up/down levels in hierarchical data fields within a single visual
Drill-through = going to a separate report page that provides more detail about the selected data ("Overview" page > "Detail" page)
Note: Drill-through report pages must be set up manually
In visuals containing hierarchical data, what do the following buttons do?
UP ARROW
DOWN ARROW
DOUBLE DOWN ARROW
BRANCHING ARROW
UP ARROW (Drill up) = Takes you one level up in the hierarchy
DOWN ARROW (Drill mode) = Allows you to click on data points to drill down one level in the hierarchy (instead of default behavior of cross-filtering other visuals on report page)
DOUBLE DOWN ARROW (Drill down) = Takes you one level down in the hierarchy
BRANCHING ARROW (Expand) = Adds an additional hierarchy level to the current view
(e.g. ME > ME Franklin > ME Franklin Farmington)
What are the requirements for exporting a visualization from a Power BI Service Dashboard?
1) Power BI Pro or Premium license
2) Edit permissions to the underlying dataset and report
What is "binning"?
Splitting numeric or date/time values into equally sized groups (bin sizes)
Ex. Creating 3-month bins for dates to show quarterly revenue
Which of the following objects are NOT brought into Power BI when importing an Excel Data Model?
A) Power Query queries
B) Measures and Calculated Columns
C) Hierarchies
D) Relationships
E) Binary data columns
C and E
Hierarchies and Binary data columns from the Excel Data Model are NOT imported into Power BI
TRUE OR FALSE
Power BI Dashboards and Reports can both use the following features:
1) Q&A
2) Streaming data
3) Live tiles
4) Data alers
FALSE
All of these functions are only available in Dashboards
What does the "Enter Data" button in the Home tab of Power BI Desktop do?
A) Allows you to enter data into an existing table
B) Allows you to enter data and save it as a new table
C) There is no way to manually add data in Power BI
B)
"Enter Data" allows you to type or paste data and save it as a new table
TRUE OR FALSE
Live tiles on a Dashboard do show changes made to the underlying reports, but they are like any other pinned tile in that they are not interactive.
FALSE
Live tiles are fully interactive, which makes them different from any other tile pinned to a Dashboard.
What is Power BI Embedded?
A Microsoft Azure service that lets independent software vendors (ISVs) and developers quickly embed visuals, reports, and dashboards into custom applications (geared towards customer use).
What is a "tenant"?
A group of users who share a common access with specific privileges to the software instance.
What is "Live Connection"?
A special case of DirectQuery for SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS) and Power BI Service. Unlike DirectQuery, you cannot define relationships or apply any data transformations.
What are the limitations on data refreshes for Power BI Pro and Power BI Premium licenses?
Power BI Pro = up to 8X a day (30 min intervals)
Power BI Premium = up to 48X a day (1 min intervals)
When importing Excel data into Power BI, how do "Import Data" and "Import Workbook Content" differ?
Import Data (Get Data > Excel) = imports only raw data from Excel
Import Workbook Contents (File > Import > Excel Workbook Contents) = imports Power Query queries, Power Pivot data model(s), and Power View worksheets
TRUE OR FALSE
M code is not a case-sensitive language
FALSE
M code IS case sensitive
How are lists defined in M code?
Curly brackets { }
How are records defined in M code?
Square brackets [ ]
What does the "let" statement accomplish in M code?
The "let" statement allows a set of values to be evaluated and assigned to variable name(s), which are then used in a subsequent expression that follows the "in" statement.
How do you assign a name to an expression in M code?
Hashtag with double quotes #" "
What is the "each" expression in M code?
A shorthand for declaring functions taking a single parameter, which can be identified by a single "_"
Ex.
#"Added Custom Column" = Table.AddColumn(Source, "Double", each 2*[Numbers])
OR
#"Added Custom" = Table.AddColumn(Source, "Double", (_) => 2*_[Numbers])
In Power Query, what is the difference between blank and null values?
Blank = zero-length text string
Null = empty value
Scenario:
You have two tables in your Data Model: a Customer Lookup table and Sales table. Data in the Customer Lookup table has recently been updated and now the [CustomerID] field contains some duplicate and null values.
What happens when you refresh the data?
The data refresh will be canceled and the old data will be preserved.
What are 3 different ways you can filter what users see in a Dashboard?
1) Duplicate Dashboard and delete unwanted tiles
2) Filter visuals in a Report and pin them in their filtered state to the Dashboard
3) Employ Row-Level Security (done in PBI Desktop)
Which types of reports CANNOT be published to the web from Power BI Service?
1) Reports with R visuals
2) Reports with row-level security
3) Reports that connect live to on-premises Analysis Services Tabular
4) Reports shared with you
What is Power BI Report Server?
Allows you to publish reports on-premises (vs. to the cloud with standard Power BI Service publishing options).
What are the two main requirements for sharing Power BI content?
1) Power BI Pro license for the report developer
2) Either Power BI Pro licenses for each report user, or an organization-wide Power BI Premium license
TRUE OR FALSE
Data refresh schedules can only be set in Power BI Service and NOT in Power BI Desktop
TRUE
Data refresh schedules are available in Power BI Service only
What is the cause of "ambiguous relationship" errors?
Multiple bi-directional, cross filter-enabled relationships between tables.
What does using a parameter in Power Query accomplish?
Power Query parameters are used to manipulate the data query at runtime by bringing in only a subset of data (as defined by the parameter) when the query is executed.
What is the difference between a Table visual and Matrix visual?
Matrix visuals allow you to show multiple dimensions (i.e. data grouped by rows and columns), similar to an Excel PivotTable.
What is the difference between Pivot and Unpivot in Power Query?
Pivot = turns rows into columns (vertical > horizontal)
Unpivot = turns columns into rows (horizontal > vertical)
What is the correct order of steps when creating a visual tooltip?
A. Design tooltip visual
B. Switch on tooltip on the visual on the report page where the visual tooltip must appear
C. Switch on Tooltip in page information
D. Create a new Report page; adjust the page size to tooltip
E. Specify tooltip activation field
D, C, E, A, B
TRUE OR FALSE
Slicers by default filter contents on the entire page
TRUE
What is the "service principal" in Power BI Embedded?
The identity used by the custom application to interact with Power BI.
Which two roles allow you to use the Power BI Service admin portal?
1) Power BI Service Admin
2) Office 365 Global Admin
Which M function is used to interpret XML files?
Xml.Tables
What must you do first before connecting to an Oracle database?
Install the matching Oracle client driver for your version of Power BI (32-bit or 64-bit).
When is it best to use DirectQuery over Import when connecting to a data source?
1) Size of the data model is too large for local computer/server memory (performance will depend on the data source's hardware)
2) If the underlying data changes frequently and reports must always show recent data (underlying dataset must be able to return results in a reasonable amount of time)
What are the requirements for using Power BI Embedded?
1) an Azure subscription
2) an Azure Active Directory tenant
3) a Power BI account in the same Azure AD tenant
4) a Power BI Pro user to register an app and embed Power BI content
Which four filter types can be defined in the report view of Power BI Desktop?
1) Visual
2) Page
3) Report
4) Drillthrough (when turned on and data field(s) added)
How do you view a series of report Bookmarks in Power BI Desktop as a slideshow?
Select the "View" mode in the Bookmarks pane and click through the arrows at the bottom of the report
TRUE OR FALSE
Only live tiles pinned to a Dashboard reflect refreshed data.
FALSE
When the underlying data is refreshed for ANY tile, it is reflected in the Dashboard.
How do you change a slicer from displaying checkbox options to buttons?
Select slicer > Format pane > General > Orientation > "Horizontal"
TRUE OR FALSE
You can define RLS only on datasets created with Power BI Desktop
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Data source connections via Import, DirectQuery, and Live Connection all support RLS.
FALSE
Only Import and DirectQuery connections support RLS. Live connections to Analysis Services are handled in the on-premises model.
TRUE OR FALSE
Time Intelligence functions are available with data connected via DirectQuery.
FALSE
Time intelligence capabilities are unavailable in DirectQuery.
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