A virus is classified as a microbe.
True. Although viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms, they can, however,
be
... [Show More] classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and viruses.
2. True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule.
False. The smallest biological unit of life is the cell.
3. What are the 4 main types of macromolecules found in cells?
Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides
1. How many different types of amino acids are available from which to make proteins?
20
2. Define an essential amino acid.
An essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be take in from
the environment through alternative sources (i.e) food.
What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles?
There are two major types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic
acid). Nucleic acids are chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA
contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable
characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information
in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
Complete the following DNA strand and indicate how many bonds are formed for each complementarypair:
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CC AGC 3’
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CCAGTAGC 3’
There are 2 bonds formed between A and T, and 3 bonds between G and C.
1. The plasma membrane (select all that are true):
A. Only restricts movement of materials into the cell
B. Is often a bilayer comprised of lipids
C. Cannot prevent essential nutrients from escaping
D. Contains hydrophobic tails pointing inward
B and D
2. Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms come together to form what primary macromolecule? Give an
example.
Polysaccharides. Glucose, sucrose and cellulose are all acceptable answers.
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-enclosed
region.
False. Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus
True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into Bacteria and Archaea.
True
Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies.Coccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum (spiral/corkscrew).
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions.
True. Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid
conditions, high temperatures and even oxygen-poor conditions.
Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya? Select all that apply.
A. Animalia
B. Plantae
C. Fungi
D. Protista
A,B,C,D
2. True of False: All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are heterotrophic.
True
3. Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting _____ energy
into _______ energy.
Light (sunlight); chemical (sugars)
A defining characteristic of fungi is the presence of chitin in the cell walls. Which of following also
contain chitin? Select all that apply.
A. MushroomsB. Bacteria
C. Yeast
D. Molds
A, C and D all contain chitin.
2. True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability of colonies to form tissue
layers.
True.
The function of the Golgi is (select all that apply):
A. Lipid synthesis
B. Protein synthesis
C. To produce energy (ATP)
D. Protein modification and distribution
E. Waste disposal via hydrolytic enzymes
D. Within the Golgi complex proteins are modified and then distributed throughout the cell.
2. The function of the lysosome is (select all that apply):
A. Lipid synthesis
B. Protein synthesisC. To produce energy (ATP)
D. Protein modification and distribution
E. Waste disposal via hydrolytic enzymes
E. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles capable of degrading unwanted cellular debris
Identify the following cellular components by matching the number with the description.A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Nucleus
D. Cell wall
E. Plasma membrane
F. Centriole
G. Lysosome
1 C
2 G
3 E
4 B
5 A
True or False: As movement requires energy, metabolism can be defined as a controlled set of
biochemical reactions that occur in only motile organisms in order to maintain life. [Show Less]