6 levels of organization of body
Chemical > cellular>tissue>organ>organ system > organism
Types of tissue
Epithelial, Muscle, Connective, Nervous
... [Show More] tissue
What does epithelial tissue do
covers the body & lines the cavities
Which tissue covers the body surface and lines the cavities of the body
Epithelium
Epithelial tissue perform what type of functions
excretion & absorption
What does muscle tissue do
enables movement
what does connective tissue do
support body & provides protection of organs
Nervous tissue
responsible for communication between cells
Types of organ systems
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, digestive, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, urinary, reproductive
The necessary life function that protects our internal environment from our external environment provided by what system
Integumentary system
Integumentary systsem
produces vitamin D// protects internal organs & body from extreme temps, pathogens, UV rays, environmental chemicals// lets us experience world through receptors
The function of movement is provided by what system
Muscular system
function of skeletal system
protects organs//provides a place for muscles to attach// houses blood cell formation and stores minerals//facilitates motions
Muscular system does what
allows movement
The function of responsiveness is provided by what system
nervous system
what does the nervous system do?
responsible for communication
What is the nervous system comprised of
Brain, spinal cord, & nerves
The function of digestion is provided by what system
Digestive system
What does the digestive system do?
Breaks down food into small molecules, supplies body with nutrients. This nutrients enter blood stream through small intestines
What does the endocrine system do?
secretes hormones to regulate body function
What are the primary organs of the endocrine system/
Thyroid, adrenal glands; (hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal = all inside brain)
What is metabolism?
The chemical process in the body that enables us to function and maintain life
What is catabolism?
the breakdown of complex molecules in the body to form simpler ones in order to release energy
What is anabolism?
the making of more complex structures from simpler ones
What is cellular respiration
The creation of ATP through the body's use of oxygen & more complex molecules
What is the purpose of ATP
ATP powers the cell activity allowing them to have the energy needed to carry out their functions
Name the 3 steps in cellular respiration (the creation of ATP)
1. Glycolysis - body's break down of glucose molecule into 2 ATP molecules
2. Citric Acid Cycle - then body breaks down pyruvic acid molecules into 2 more ATP molecules & release electrons
3. Electron Transport Chain - then, body uses electrons to produce most of it's ATP
Epithelial cells perform what type of functions?
Secretion & absorption
What is the cardiovascular system made up of ?
blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, veins)
What is the function of the cardiovascular system
responsible for pumping the blood, propels the blood & maintains blood pressure
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
responsible for fighting off disease and protecting body from pathogens (bacteria&virus) // returns fluid back into blood stream
What is the lymphatic system made up of?
Thymus, spleen, network of lymph ducts and knodes
What is the function of the respiratory system?
excretion of waste CO2 & keep blood carrying and supplied with oxygen
What is the function of the Urinary System
excretion of waste & regulates H20 + electrolyte balance in blood
What system is responsible for the creation of life
reproductive system
What is the function of the reproductive system?
creation of life
What system is controlled by hormones from endocrine system?
Reproductive system
Which systesm helps move nutrients & waste through body
cardiovascular, digestive, & urinary
Which systems responsible for excretion?
Respiratory, digestive, urinary
The reproductive system is controlled by what other system?
Endocrine system
Epithelial cells perform what types of functions?
excretion & absorption
What are the four tissue types
epithelial, muscular, connective, nervous tissue
Superior/cranial
ABOVE; toward the head end or upper part of structure
Inferior/caudal
BELOW; away from head toward lower part
Ventral/Anterior
IN FRONT OF; toward front of body
Dorsal/Posterior
BEHIND; toward back of body
TERM
Medial
DEFINITION
on the inner side; toward midline of the body
LOCATION
Image: Medial
Lateral
On the outside; away from mideline
Intermediate
between or more medial & lateral
Proximal
closer to trunk/origin of the body; closer to point of attachement
Distal
farther from trunk/origin of the body
Superficial/External
toward body surface/exterior
Deep/Internal
Away from the body surface; more "internal"
lateral
away from midline
medial
toward the midline
intermediate
in between
Flexion
closing of joint; bending
Extension
opening of a joint; straightening
Abduction
movement away from midline
Adduction
movement toward midline
Dorsiflexion
flexion of subtalar ankle joint; toes up
Plantarflexion
extension of subtalar ankle joint, toes flex downward
Radial deviation
lateral movement of wrist toward radius
Ulnar Deviation
medial movement of wrist toward ulna
TERM
Lateral
DEFINITION
Away from the midline of the body
LOCATION
Image: Lateral [Show Less]