PMHNP Study from Vital Boards 97 Questions with Verified Answers
Outspoken opponent of NP role - CORRECT ANSWER Martha Rogers
Treatment for AUD -
... [Show More] CORRECT ANSWER Naltrexone 50mg daily to prevent relapse
Acamprosate - CORRECT ANSWER resembles GABA and NMDA antagonist. Anti-craving drug used for maintenance therapy of alcohol withdrawal. Dose 2000 mg/day. Combining acamprosate and naltrexone may be more beneficial together
Disulfiram- 250mg day - CORRECT ANSWER What drug is used to prevent alcohol consumption by blocking aldehyde dehydrogenase?
Naloxone (Narcan) - CORRECT ANSWER opiate antagonist, reverses opioid induced resiratory depression
Buprenorphine - CORRECT ANSWER Suboxone- used for detoxification and part of maintenance therapy in opioid withdrawal.
temporal lobe - CORRECT ANSWER key role in long-term memory, hearing, and interpretation of visual stimuli
Salvador Minuchin - CORRECT ANSWER Structural Family Therapy: uses joining, enactment, boundary making, and mimesis techniques
Carol Anderson and William McFarlane - CORRECT ANSWER psychoeducational family therapy
Robert Liberman and Lawrence Weathers - CORRECT ANSWER behavioral family therapy
Michael White & David Epston - CORRECT ANSWER Narrative Therapy
Inhibitor - CORRECT ANSWER substance that decreases the metabolism of drugs and leads to higher levels leading to toxicity
Inducer - CORRECT ANSWER a substance that increases the rate of a specific enzyme synthesis from a lower to a higher level
Cyclothymic Disorder Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER A) For at least 2 years (at least 1 year in children and adolescents) there have been numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms that do not meet criteria for a hypomanic episode and numerous periods with depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major depressive episode.
B) During the above 2-year period (1 year in children and adolescents), the hypomanic and depressive periods have been present for at least half the time and the individual has not been without the symptoms for more than 2 months at a time.
C) Criteria for a major depressive, manic, or hypomanic episode have never been met.
D) The symptoms in Criterion A are not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified or unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder.
E) The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition (e.g., hyperthyroidism).
F) The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
negative reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER the reinforcement of a response by the removal, escape from, or avoidance of an unpleasant stimulus
positive reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.
negative punishment - CORRECT ANSWER the removal of a stimulus to decrease the probability of a behavior's recurring
positive punishment - CORRECT ANSWER The application of an undesirable stimulus to reduce specific behavior
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) - CORRECT ANSWER Moderate depression that persists for two years or more
Clozapine - CORRECT ANSWER the drug of choice for treatment-resistnat shizophrenia. Can cause increased weight gain and agranulocytosis rarely so must monitor the absolute neutrophil count. Also good choice for drug-induced psychosis in patients with Parkinson's Disease.
Glutamyltransferase (GGT) and carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) - CORRECT ANSWER provides up to 90% of sensitivity for heavy, chronic alcohol usage
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) - CORRECT ANSWER W/D similiar to ETOH w/d and benzo w/d and is rare due to rapid elimination of the drug. Sx's include anxiety, insomnia, tremor, confusion, nausea, and vomiting
Medicare Part B - CORRECT ANSWER The part of the Medicare program that pays for physician services, outpatient hospital services, durable medical equipment, and other services and supplies.
Part of brain smaller in patients with dissociative identity disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Hippocampus and Amygdala
"claims-made policy" - CORRECT ANSWER -a liability policy that pays claims only during the period that the policy is active. A "tail coverage" covers future claims should the NP change insurers or retire.
cross-sectional study - CORRECT ANSWER A study in which a representative cross section of the population is tested or surveyed at one specific time to assess disease incidence and prevalence.
Case-control study - CORRECT ANSWER One type of epidemiological study design used to identify factors that may contribute to a medical condition by comparing a group of patients who have that condition with a group of patients who do not.
randomized controlled trial - CORRECT ANSWER An experimental study in which researchers randomly assign individuals to either an experimental or a control group and expose the experimental group to the manipulated variable of interest.
cohort study - CORRECT ANSWER A type of epidemiologic study where a group of exposed individuals (individuals who have been exposed to the potential risk factor) and a group of non-exposed individuals are followed over time to determine the incidence of disease
Alcohol inhibits CYP450 - CORRECT ANSWER leads to increase in incidence of adverse profile of CYP450-dependent drugs
Viewpoint of Schizophrenia by Benedict Augustin Morel - CORRECT ANSWER premature dementia=early onset and progressive decline
Viewpoint of Schizophrenia by Ernst Kretschmer - CORRECT ANSWER A professor of psychiatry who claimed that body build could be related to personality type. Body habits lead to developing psychiatric illness
Viewpoint of Schizophrenia by Galen - CORRECT ANSWER mental disorders originated from the brain; "remedicalization" of the brain
Viewpoint of Schizophrenia by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum - CORRECT ANSWER categorized sx's and derived subtypes of schizophrenia: catatonia and hebetic paraphrenia
Kasanin - CORRECT ANSWER schizoaffective
Emil Kraepelin - CORRECT ANSWER German psychiatrist responsible for creating the first truly comprehensive classification system of psychological disorders
Gabriel Langfeldt - CORRECT ANSWER schizophreniform
Eugene Bleuler - CORRECT ANSWER coined the term schizophrenia
Cranial Nerve 1 - CORRECT ANSWER Olfactory (smell)
Cranial Nerve II - CORRECT ANSWER sensory, vision
Cranial Nerve III - CORRECT ANSWER Oculomotor: eyelid elevation, pupil constriction and accommodation
Cranial nerve five - CORRECT ANSWER trigeminal nerve
cranial nerve six - CORRECT ANSWER Abducens
Cranial nerve seven - CORRECT ANSWER facial nerve
Cranial nerve eight - CORRECT ANSWER Vestibulocochlear
antisocial personality disorder - CORRECT ANSWER a personality disorder in which a person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist
histrionic personality disorder - CORRECT ANSWER a personality disorder characterized by excessive emotionality and preoccupation with being the center of attention; emotional shallowness; overly dramatic behavior
Oppositional Defiant Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER a childhood disorder in which children are repeatedly argumentative and defiant, angry and irritable, and in some cases, vindictive
Intermittent Explosive Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER An impulse-control disorder involving an inability to hold back urges to express strong angry feelings and associated violent behaviors.
Medicare Part A (aka Hospital Insurance or HI) - CORRECT ANSWER Provides hospital insurance automatically @ age 65 (if FICA qualified) @ no fee but may have deductible & co-pay.
Medicare Part C (Medicare Advantage) - CORRECT ANSWER optional, premium payment required
participation in part A and B required
provides coverage that a Medigap Plan would provide
Medicare—Part D Prescription Drug Coverage - CORRECT ANSWER a United States federal-government program to subsidize the costs of prescription drugs and prescription drug insurance premiums for Medicare beneficiaries.
Protriptyline (Vivactil) - CORRECT ANSWER tricyclic antidepressant- used for narcolepsy to achieve wakefulness promoting effect
The calculation of risk ratio requires the __________________ in the exposed and unexposed. - CORRECT ANSWER division
Nonmaleficence - CORRECT ANSWER avoidance of harm or hurt
Beneficence - CORRECT ANSWER to do good
fidelity - CORRECT ANSWER agreement to keep promises
Justice - CORRECT ANSWER fairness; rightfulness
Loading dose of valproic acid - CORRECT ANSWER 20-30 mg/kg
NP's are regulated by: - CORRECT ANSWER the Nurse Practice Act of the state they practice. NOT regulated by the Dept of Health and Human Services
Shift to the right: tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER increase in demand. As tolerance develops, higher doses are required to achieve same affect
Eclectic brief therapy of Budman and Gurman - CORRECT ANSWER Focuses on the reason the patient seeks therapy now. Losses, developmental dyssynchronies, interpersonal conflicts, symptomatic presentations, and personality disorders.
NMDA receptor antagonist - CORRECT ANSWER Memantine (Namenda)
low risk of drug interactions for geriatric patients - CORRECT ANSWER venlafaxine
Jean Piaget - CORRECT ANSWER Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor, 2. preoperational, 3. concrete operational, and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
sensorimotor stage - CORRECT ANSWER in Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
concrete operational stage - CORRECT ANSWER in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events
preoperational stage - CORRECT ANSWER in Piaget's theory, the stage (from 2 to about 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic.
formal operational stage - CORRECT ANSWER in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
Four concepts related to foundation of scope or practice for PMHNP - CORRECT ANSWER -Mental Health
-Mental Illness
-Therapeutic Relationship
-Growth & Development
meta-analysis - CORRECT ANSWER a "study of studies" that combines the findings of multiple studies to arrive at a conclusion
Extinction - CORRECT ANSWER the diminishing of a conditioned response; occurs in classical conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus (US) does not follow a conditioned stimulus (CS); occurs in operant conditioning when a response is no longer reinforced.
response prevention - CORRECT ANSWER technique in which therapists prevent clients from performing their typical avoidance behaviors. To refrain from compulsions, avoidance, or escape behaviors.
HITECH Act of 2009 - CORRECT ANSWER made into a law to promote the adoption and meaningful use of health information technology
Chi-square test - CORRECT ANSWER a statistical test used to determine the probability of obtaining observed proportions by chance, under a specific hypothesis. Compare samples with non-measurable nominal/categorical variables
Student's t-test - CORRECT ANSWER statistical test used to compare the means of data values of two populations.
Paired t-test - CORRECT ANSWER a statistical test examining the means and variances of two related samples
z test - CORRECT ANSWER similiar to t-test, but requires a large sample or a known population variance.
inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations.
Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER determined through statistical analysis of variables, not a type of reasoning.
deductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.)
experimental design - CORRECT ANSWER a formal process through which the outcome of an intervention can be measured
Tanner stage 1 girls - CORRECT ANSWER -Preadolescent, no pubic hair, other than fine hair similar to abdomen
-No breast dev.
Tanner stage 1 boys - CORRECT ANSWER preadolescent
no pubic hair
Tanner stage 2 girls - CORRECT ANSWER Breast bud stage with elevation of breast and papilla; enlargement of areola
Tanner stage 2 boys - CORRECT ANSWER enlargement of the scrotum and testes, scrotum roughens and reddens
Pubic hair sparse
Tanner stage 3 girls - CORRECT ANSWER areolae begin to enlarge and the pubic hair becomes darker, coarse, and curly
Tanner stage 4 girls - CORRECT ANSWER Areola and papilla form a secondary mound above level of breast. hair is of adult quality
Tanner stage 3 boys - CORRECT ANSWER Enlargement of penis (length at first); further growth of testes
Tanner stage 4 boys - CORRECT ANSWER -pubic hair is curse and more curly, but not quite adult-like
-enlarged penile length
-enlargement of scrotum and increased pigmentation
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - CORRECT ANSWER an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.
>1 month sx's
acute stress disorder - CORRECT ANSWER PTSD symptoms that appear for a month or less
MOA of galantamine - CORRECT ANSWER acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
used in mild-mod dementia
Prader-Willi Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER Loss function chromosome *15*
*Obesity*, low muscle tone
Feeding/articulation/intellectual disabilities, behavior problems
Carbamazepine - CORRECT ANSWER Cause low sodium
SIADH, leading to hyponatremia
Valproic Acid (Depakote) - CORRECT ANSWER doubles half-life elimination of Lamictal
Inhibitor of CYP3A4 - CORRECT ANSWER ketoconazole [Show Less]