Most common issues for individual therapy - 1. losses
2. interpersonal conflicts
3. symptomatic presentations such as panic
phobias, and
... [Show More] negativity
4. Unfulfilled expectations at life transitions
5. Characterological issues such as narcissim
or aggressiveness
Psychoanalytic therapy - 1. Originated by Freud
2. believed that behavior is determined by
unconsious motivations and instincual drives .
3. promotes change by the development of
greater insight and awareness of maladaptive
defenses
4. attends to past developmental and
psychodynamic factors which shape present
behaviors.
Cognitive Therapy - 1. Originated by Beck
2. Purports that external events do not cause
anxiety or maladaptive responses
3. States that a persons expectations, perceptions,
and interpretations of events cause anxiety
4. allows clients to view relaity more clearly
through an examination of their central distorted
cognitions
5. Goal is to change clients irrational beliefs, faulty
conceptions and negative cognitive disortions
Behavioral Therapy - Originated by Lazarus
Focuses on changing maladaptive behaviors by participating in active behavioral techniques such as exposure, relaxation, problem-solving, and role playing
Dialectical behavioral therapy - Originated by linehan
commonly used with people with borderline personality disorder
focuses on emotional regulation, tolerance for distress, self-management skills, interpersonal effectiveness, and mindfulness, with an emphasis on treating therapy-interfering bheaviours
Goals of dialectical behavioral therapy - Decrease suicidal behaviors
decrease therapy interfering behaviors
decrease emotional reactivity
decrease sel-invalidation
decrease crisis-generalting behaviors
decrease passivity
increase realistic decision making
increase accurate communication of emotions and competencies
Existential therapy - Originated by Fankl
a philosophical approach in which reflection on life and self-confrontation is encouraged
emphasizes accepting freedom and making responsible choices
states that a basic dimension of humans includes finding meaning and purpose in lify
goals are to live authentically and to focus on the present and on personal responsibility
Humanistic therapy - Originated by rogers
also known as person-centered therapy
concepts include self-directed growth and self-actualization; people are born with the capacity to direct themselves toward self-actualization
each person has the potential to actualize and find meaning
Interpersonal therapy - originated by kierman and weissman
evidence-based therapy with focus on interpersonal issues that are creating distress
time limited, active, focused on the present and on interpersonal distress
developed to treat aspects of depression and is effective for adults and adolescents
has been applied to treat interpersonal distress related to other disorders including bipolar, substance use and eating disorders
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) - Originated by Shapiro
A form of behavioral and exposure therapy
Involves the use of bilateral stimulation-moving the eyes back and forth, alternating tapping on hand or knee or sounds in ears [Show Less]