20 questions were answered correctly.
5 questions were answered incorrectly.
1
"Capital punishment is morally wrong because it turns all the state's
... [Show More] citizens
into killers."
To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement
likely appealing?
Kantian deontology
Virtue-based ethics
Utilitarianism
Conventionalism
CONCEPT
Case Study: Capital Punishment
2
Which of the following statements is true of ethics?
Ethics is not subject to the same level of rigor as other philosophical pursuits.
Objectivity is vital to ethical thought.
Ethical principles are just personal opinions.
Ethical behavior has little to do with interpersonal interaction.
CONCEPT
Introduction to Philosophical Ethics
3
Which of the following statements supports egoism?
The rule of law motivates actions for individuals.
A flourishing society requires flourishing individuals.
A society is more just if it enforces laws for the benefit of everyone.
Ethical standards are easily upheld when they benefit others.
CONCEPT
Support for Egoism
4
Which of the following scenarios would be impermissible for an
egoist?
Keith gives up the comfort of home to realize his dream of playing in the
NBA.
Krysta has some time to kill, so she sits in the mall and watches people go
by.
Katie picks up litter on the street because she wants to live in a clean
neighborhood.
Kevin works late, even though he doesn't get paid and has nothing to gain
from it.
CONCEPT
Commitments of Egoism
5
Which of the following statements about divine command theory is
true?
Divine command theory states that what is religious is inherently good and
what isn't is bad.
Divine command theory is a basic principle of all religions.
Divine command theory states that right is right only because God says so.
Divine command theory states that the ends justify the means.
CONCEPT
Divine Command Theory
6
Jerome conducts a survey to see how many of his neighbors believe they
have a moral duty to report suspicious activity to the police. He finds that 8
in 10 believe they have such a duty.
Which branch of ethics do the results of Jerome's survey represent?
Metaethics
Normative ethics
Descriptive ethics
CONCEPT
Branches of Ethics
7
The ethical position that evaluates the morality of an action solely
on the results of that action is __________.
deontology
character ethics
consequentialism
divine command theory
CONCEPT
Different Considerations for Evaluating Actions8
Which of the following is a benefit of philosophy?
Philosophy defends what is traditional in society.
Philosophy is useful as a tool to justify personal opinions.
Philosophy improves understanding of argumentation.
Philosophy maintains society's collective memory.
CONCEPT
Benefits of Philosophy and Ethics
9
Susan is studying the morality of taking terminally ill patients off life support.
After thorough research and consideration of many different views, she
argues that doctors have a moral obligation to use whatever means are
available to preserve a patient's life.
Which step of philosophical inquiry has Susan done?
Advance a thesis and justification
Identify positions on the question
Evaluate positions
Specify your question
CONCEPT
The Philosophical Approach to Inquiry
10
Which of the following represents a potential problem for Kantian
deontology?
A person can justify any action based on its consequences.
A person can get away with doing harm if he or she isn't caught.
A person can't use feelings to help guide his or her reasoning.
A person can get away with doing harm if it's culturally accepted.
CONCEPT
Problems with Kantian Deontology
11
Which of the following critiques represents a challenge to virtuebased ethics?
An agent's ignorance makes it too easy to get away with bad results.
Two people might disagree on whether something is a virtue.
Not enough attention is given to self-improvement.
Everyone isn't governed by the same moral norms.
CONCEPT
Problems with Virtue-Based Ethics
12
Which of the following represents rule utilitarianism?
Odessa saves a drowning man because she knows his family needs him in
order to be happy.
Opal grows lots of plants and flowers to help offset her carbon footprint.
Oswald gives 10% of his income to charity because giving to charity
generally brings about greater good.
Omar breaks into a large store because he needs food and the store's loss
will be insignificant.
CONCEPT
Act and Rule Utilitarianism
13
Which of the following represents a difficulty with egoism?
Egoism maximizes each individual's pleasure, which is something everyone
wants.
Egoism is a core part of human nature, so denying it is denying someone's
humanity.
Egoism does not allow the egoist to evaluate others based on his or her
perspective.
Socially determined actions are usually more successful than self-determined
actions.
CONCEPT
Problems with Egoism
14
Which of the following is an argument?
If I go to Washington D.C. next weekend, then I'll get you a souvenir.
Janet studies every day and takes notes in class. She will probably do well in
the class for that reason.
Not getting enough sleep on a regular basis is a problem for many adults.
I begin my day with a one-mile run, a shower, and a healthy breakfast.
CONCEPT
Introduction to Arguments
15"In some places, certain animals are considered divine and have more rights
than humans."
To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement
likely appealing?
Virtue-based ethics
Conventionalism
Kantian deontology
Utilitarianism
CONCEPT
Case Study: Animal Rights
16
I come home and my apartment building is on fire. There is a family of five
living in the apartment next to mine and only my mother in my apartment. I
can only evacuate one apartment.
What is a problem with applying utilitarianism to this scenario?
Utilitarianism says I should evacuate my apartment because that will make
me the happiest.
Utilitarianism says I have to choose what to do based on who is responsible
for starting the fire.
Utilitarianism says I cannot determine which apartment to evacuate because
my mother's happiness is equal to the happiness of the five strangers.
Utilitarianism says I should evacuate the apartment that has five occupants,
even though my mother is more important to me.
CONCEPT
Problems with Utilitarianism17
Many people confuse topics of religion, social etiquette, and law with ethical
topics.
Select the example related to social etiquette.
Anthony follows the flow of traffic, even if he is exceeding the speed limit.
Tara installs a wheelchair ramp at her business to meet government
regulations.
Marcy disapproves of working on Sundays because she was taught it was a
day of rest.
Nathan talks loudly on his cell phone while standing in line at the store.
CONCEPT
Ethical and Non-Ethical Topics
18
Michelle is visiting a Muslim country. She doesn't know what to expect
because she knows that some Muslim societies expect women to wear a
head-scarf when they are outdoors. When she gets off of the airplane,
Michelle immediately notices that all the women in the airport are wearing
head-scarves.
According to conventionalism, which action would be most
appropriate for Michelle to take?
Tie her hair back and put on a baseball cap.
Buy a head-scarf and put it on.
Buy a head scarf and keep it in her purse in case someone tells her to put it
on.
Let her hair show because she isn’t Muslim.
CONCEPTApplying Conventionalism
19
When a utilitarian evaluates an action, which of the following is
most important?
The action's inherent sinfulness
The action's total effects on everyone
The action's effects on the agent
The action's rejection by society
CONCEPT
Utilitarianism
20
Which of the following statements about philosophy is true?
Philosophy is concerned with seeking and recognizing knowledge.
Philosophy is a way to answer questions about the physical universe without
observation.
Philosophy is obsolete due to advances in scientific inquiry.
Philosophy is quite interesting, despite having little or no application in other
fields.
CONCEPT
Introduction to Philosophy
21
Which of the following statements displays the speaker's unfair
bias?
"We're accepting Kim to our college because her parents are big donors."
"We're accepting Kim to our college because her goals align with our school's
values."
"We're accepting Kim to our college because she has a 4.0 GPA."
"We're accepting Kim to our college because her extracurricular
involvements are impressive."
CONCEPT
The Effect of Bias in Moral Decision Making
22
Renae has three brothers. Over the course of a weekend, she observed them
in different situations with the new neighbors. Her oldest brother, Nick,
stepped in front of her when the neighbors’ large dog got loose and started
running toward her. Her middle brother, Joe, loudly threatened the neighbors
as to what would happen if they did not keep their dog chained up. Her
younger brother, Scott, retreated into the house when all the shouting
occurred.
How might a virtue-based ethicist evaluate Nick’s action?
The action revealed that Nick has the virtue of courage.
The action did not reveal a positive or negative trait.
The action revealed that Nick has the vice of aggressiveness.
The action revealed that Nick acted without thinking.
CONCEPT
Advantages and Shortcomings of Virtue-Based Ethics
23
Most people in Dave's culture volunteer an hour every other week at a local
food shelf. In addition to this, Dave also helps coordinate volunteers and fills
in for people who can't make their hour.What would a conventionalist call Dave's actions?
Obligatory
Supererogatory
Neutral
Impermissible
CONCEPT
Commitments of Conventionalism
24
Which of the following people would likely be satisfied with Kantian
deontology?
Hank is looking for an ethical system that will put him most ahead.
Henrietta is looking for an ethical system that weighs the odds of certain
consequences.
Houghton is looking for an ethical system that is relative.
Helen is looking for an ethical framework that respects the freedom of
others.
CONCEPT
Support for Kantian Deontology
25
Which of the following people would likely be satisfied with
utilitarianism?
Walt is looking for an ethical framework that places a high value on his
culture's traditions.
Warren is looking for an ethical framework that never allows any kind of
theft.
Walburga is looking for an ethical framework that is based in observable
facts.
Wendy is looking for an ethical framework that relies on the Torah for moral
guidance.
CONCEPT
Support for Utilitarianism
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