Side effects of anti-cholinergic drugs (block achytelcholine) - Supresses the rest and digest response; dry mouth and eyes, blurred vision, and
... [Show More] constipation; increase in pulse rate; decrease peristalsis; and may alter GI absorption of other drugs by inhibiting GI motility and increasing transit time
Side effects of cholinergic drugs - Enhances rest and digest response (give with Dr. present); stimulate bladder and GI tone; constrict the pupils of the eyes (miosis); increase neuromuscular transmission; decrease heart rate and blood pressure; and increase salivary, GI and bronchial glandular secretions
Side effects of benzodiazepines (for sleeping disorders) - Dizziness, drowsiness, mental depression, blurred vision, constipation, physical dependence, diarrhea, insomnia, drooling, and increased appetite
Nursing education needed when switching anti-depressants - Abrupt discontinuation may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and trouble sleeping due to vivid dreams and irritability.
Advice patient, family and caregivers to look for suicidality, especially during early therapy or dose changes, notify health care professional immediately.
Cannot take with MAOIs.
Can take 2-4 weeks.
Nursing implications for lithium's narrow therapeutic window - Monitor lithium levels ever 1-2 moths (0.5-1.5 mEq/L)
Toxic range is greater than 2 mEq/L
Advice patient that drug effect may take 1-2 weeks
Nursing interventions for lithium side effects - Monitor urine output, renal function tests, encourage adequate fluid intake (1-2 L daily)
Take with food to decrease GI irritation
Monitor sodium levels and vital signs
Avoid caffeine
Nephrotoxicoty
Encourage ice/gum for dry mouth
Monitor for drug effectiveness, suicidal tendencies
Take at consistent time each day
DONT CHEW medication!
Monitor lithium levels every 1-2 months
Advise patient that drug effect may take 1-2 weeks
Advise patient against getting pregnant because of teratogenic effects
Nursing interventions for valproic acid toxicity and therapeutic range (valproates is adjunctive therapy for seizures) - Therapeutic serum levels range from 50-100 mcg/mL
Doses are gradually increased until a pre-dose serum concentration of at least 50 mcg/mL is reached
Monitor patients receiving near the maximum recommended 60 mg/kg/day for toxicity
Liver enzymes need to be monitored
Advice patient to report immediately of abdominal pain, severe nausea, and vomiting
Advise patient that drug effect may take 1-2 weeks
Advise patient against getting pregnant because of teratogenic effects
Discharge teaching for clonazepam - Instruct patient to take medication exactly as directed; missed doses within 1 hour or omit
Instruct patient to read medication guide before starting and read each refill
Advise patient not to share medication with others
Avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until response to drug is known
Notify health care professional before taking any other medications
Avoid taking alcohol or other CNS depressants concurrently with this medication
7 rights of the client - Right dose
Right drug
Right route
Right patient
Right documentation
Right to refuse
Right time
Right diagnosis
Side effects of buspirone (anti-anxiety) - CNS: dizziness, drowsiness, excitement, fatigue, headache, insomnia, nervousness, weakness, and personality changes [Show Less]