What happens with Xanax? - ANSWER-can get addicted
what does acetaminophen destroy? - ANSWER-Liver
What off label medications can we give for pain?
... [Show More] - ANSWER-Anti-inflammatory
Antidepressants
Anticonvulsants
Why do we give levodopa and carbidopa together? - ANSWER-Carbidopa lets us give lower doses of levodopa
what do you not take with Amitriptyline? - ANSWER-Valerian
Pt. taking haloperidol... - ANSWER-Tardive dyskinesia
giving info about Diazepam . what do we tell them? - ANSWER-It will make you drowsy (makes sure they dont drive)
pt. is given lorazepam (benzo).. what do we report to the provider immediately? - ANSWER-anxiety increases
what do you check before giving Tylenol or any other med with tylenol in it? - ANSWER-all other OTC meds they are taking
Cyclobenzaprine what does it do? - ANSWER-Muscle relaxant so decreases muscle spasms
Adverse effect of hydromorphone - ANSWER-VOMITING
what med to reverse opioids? - ANSWER-Narcan (naloxone)
Donepezil can cause what ? - ANSWER-Syncope (FAINTING)
what can carbamazepine cause? - ANSWER-bone marrow suppression so pancytopenia so pt. may have BRUISES!
what increases phenytoin (Dilantin) toxicity? - ANSWER-Alcohol
Selegiline main action? - ANSWER-decrease tremors
what do you give levodopa and carbidopa with? - ANSWER-apple sauce
What do we worry about with Risperidone? - ANSWER-Cholesterol and triglycerides
what can narcan (naloxone) cause when giving? - ANSWER-tremors that look like seizures
what is carbamazepine for? - ANSWER-seizures
who cant take zovirax (acyclovir)? - ANSWER-people allergic to milk
common s/s of acyclovir: - ANSWER-back pain (or flank pain)
mood changes
dizziness
trouble speaking
what CNS med worsens glaucoma? - ANSWER-amantodine
Nonbenzodiazepine (Buspirone) where does it work? - ANSWER-effects the serotonin dopamine neurotransmitters
a pt. comes in asymptomatic and exposed to the flu... what will be prescribed to him? - ANSWER-Flumadine (rimantidine) give prophylactic
what classification of drugs do we use for HIV - ANSWER-antiretrovirals
what does Narcan do? - ANSWER-reverse the affects of Opioids in the CNS
3 analgesics that are considered strong opioid agonists? - ANSWER-Fentanyl
Morphine
Dilaudid (hydromorphone)
Give your pt. 10mg of morphine over 4 hours.. they tell you they are still in severe pain. What has happened? - ANSWER-Gained an Opioid intolerance
before you admin. morphine what vital sign do you check? - ANSWER-RR
what side effect from (Opioids)/morphine do you watch out for? - ANSWER-constipation
A drug classified as a Benzodiazepine - ANSWER-Lorazepam
what FOUR disorders do we prescribe SSRIs for? - ANSWER-GAD
PTSD (will say trauma stress disorder on test)
OCD
Depression
What drug category is useful in promoting sleep for insomnia? - ANSWER-Sedatives
S/S of levodopa wearing off - ANSWER-Tremors come back
difficulty swallowing ( dysphagia)
slower gait
what do we tell pt.s that we are treating with monoclonal antibodies or other neurological drugs to do? - ANSWER-Avoid large crowds
How do antiviral drugs work? - ANSWER-stops viral replication
Pt has Alzheimer's and you're putting on the patches. where do you put so pt. doesn't pull them off. - ANSWER-Upper back/ lower back
Uncoating inhibitors - ANSWER-Interferes with viral uncoating, which is needed for viral fusion with host cells, the first step of cellular infection***
Viral DNA polymerase inhibitors - ANSWER-Forms "counterfeit" molecules that block the virus and its enzymes from making more genetic material and virions in an infected host cell.***
Neuraminidase inhibitors drugs examples - ANSWER-oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
zanamivir (Relenza)
-VIR suffix
Uncoating inhibitors drugs examples - ANSWER-amantadine (Symmetrel)
rimantadine (Flumadine)
Viral DNA polymerase inhibitors drugs examples - ANSWER-acyclovir (Zovirax)***
famciclovir (Famvir)
penciclovir (Denavir)
valacyclovir (Valtrex)
acyclovir (Zovirax) complications - ANSWER--Nephrotoxicity: Administer acyclovir infusion slowly over 1 hr. Ensure adequate hydration during infusion and 2 hr after to minimize nephrotoxicity by administering IV fluids and increasing oral fluid intake as prescribed.
-Ask about allergies to milk***
-Common S&S back pain, dizziness, mood changes, trouble speaking***
Amantadine (Symmetrel) complications - ANSWER--Crosses the blood brain barrier and can cause severe central nervous system side effects and worsen glaucoma.***
acyclovir (Zovirax) interventions - ANSWER--For topical administration, advise clients to put on rubber gloves to avoid transfer of virus to other areas of the body.
-Inform clients to expect symptom relief but not cure.
-Clients who have healed herpetic lesions should continue to use condoms to prevent transmission of the virus
Dopamine and dopamine agonist should be taken with what and avoid what? - ANSWER-Food and avoid food high in protein
which type of food is best taken for dopamine and dopamine agonist? - ANSWER-apple sauce
what are some types of drugs used for Parkinson's Disease? (PD) - ANSWER-dopamine; dopamine agonists; COMT inhibitors; MAO-B inhibitors
which Parkinson's disease drug main action is to decrease tremors? - ANSWER-MAO-inhibitors
what is the function of MAO-inhibitors? - ANSWER-break down dopamine in the brain and elsewhere in the body. these inhibitors allow existing dopamine to remain active in the brain longer
(*main function is to decrease tremors*)
why is carbidopa/levodopa typically given together? - ANSWER-because carbidopa enhances levodopa for smaller dosing
what class type does carbidopa/levodopa belong to? - ANSWER-dopamine and dopamine agonist
what class type does donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine belong to? - ANSWER-cholinesterase inhibitor
donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine can cause what? - ANSWER-syncope (LOC from insufficient blood flow; faint)
why should you be careful with OTC cough medicines with Donepezil? - ANSWER-may cause cardiac arrythmias
what are 2 traditional antiepileptic drugs? - ANSWER-phenytoin and carbamazepine
phenytoin and alcohol will cause what? - ANSWER-an increase of toxicity
carbamazepine can cause what? - ANSWER-bone marrow suppression--think pancytopenia (few RBC, WBC, and platelets)
what are 3 examples of opioid agonist analgesics? - ANSWER-fentanyl; hydromorphone; morphine
all opioid agonist analgesics work by binding to ______ opioid receptors sites (activating them) in the brain and other areas, changing the person's perception of ______. - ANSWER-mu; pain
some common side effects of Opioids - ANSWER-- vomiting
- constipation
- slowed breathing (Respiratory depression)
always consider which drug for Respiratory depression? - ANSWER-Naloxone (blocks the effects of opioids on the central nervous system)
always obtain all OTC medications prior to prescribing which medication? - ANSWER-acetaminophen (can cause severe hepatotoxicity--max dose 3000-4000 mg/day)
skeletal muscle relaxants are drugs that are used to relax and reduce tension in muscles and *decrease* _________ _________. (2 words)
they are more simply referred to as a muscle relaxant. - ANSWER-muscle spasm
what are 2 drugs that are known as muscle relaxants? - ANSWER-- methocarbamol
- cyclobenzaprine
Benzodiazepines is a common drug for ________ and _________. - ANSWER-sleep and anxiety
Benzodiazepines are also known as _______ drugs. - ANSWER-sedative
buspirone affects the ________ and _________ neurotransmitters - ANSWER-serotonin; dopamine
buspirone is an example of? - ANSWER-miscellaneous nonbenzodiazepine agonist
Nonbenzodiazepines side effects - ANSWER-- increased anxiety (paradoxical excitement)
- addiction
- drowsiness
what are antipsychotics drugs used for? - ANSWER-chronic mental illness
examples of antipsychotic drug - ANSWER-- Phenothiazines: chlorpromazine and fluphenazine
- nonphenothiazines: haloperidol
S/E for antipsychotics drugs - ANSWER-- tardive dyskinesia (haloperidol)
- elevated cholesterol and triglycerides (risperidone)
common uses for SSRI's - ANSWER-- generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
- obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Depression
what can you not take with amitriptyline? - ANSWER-valerian (its a root that is used for sedative and [Show Less]