A 16-month-old has a history of diarrhea for 3 days with poor oral intake. He received intravenous fluids,
has tolerated some oral fluids in the
... [Show More] emergency department, and is being discharged home. Instructions
for diet for this child should include:
A. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) for 24 hours, then a soft diet as tolerated
B. Chicken or beef broth for 24 hours, then resume a soft diet
C. Offer a regular diet as child's appetite warrants
D. Keep on clear liquids and toast for 24 hours - C
A 5-month-old infant is seen in the well-child clinic for a complaint of vomiting and failure to grow. His
birth weight was 7 lb, and he now weighs 8 lb, 10 oz. The infant's mother reports that he is taking 4 to 7
oz of formula every 4 to 5 hours, but he "spits up a lot after eating and then is hungry again." The child is
noted to be alert but appears malnourished. The mother reports that his stools are brown in color, and
he has 1 to 2 bowel movements every day. Based on these findings, the nurse anticipates the infant has:
A. Meckel diverticulum
B. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
C. Intussusception
D. Hirschsprung disease - B
Because children with celiac disease must limit their intake of products containing gluten in wheat, rye,
oats, and barley, they are at risk for which of the following nutritional deficiencies? Select all that apply.
Iron deficiency anemia
A. Folic acid deficiency
B. Zinc deficiency
C. Vitamin A, D, E, and K deficiency
D. Vitamin B12 deficiency
E. A formerly preterm infant - ABD
A formerly preterm infant who had surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis is now 6 months old and has
short-bowel syndrome. He is unable to absorb most nutrients taken by mouth and is totally dependent
on parenteral nutrition, which he receives via a central venous catheter. The clinic nurse following this
infant is aware that this infant should be closely observed for the development of:
A. Gastroesophageal reflux
B. Chronic diarrhea
C. Cholestasis
D. Failure to thrive - C
The nurse caring for a 4-month-old infant with biliary atresia and significant urticaria can anticipate
administering:
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Ursodiol (ursodeoxycholic acid)
C. Loratadine
D. Zantac - B
Hepatitis A virus is transmitted by which of the following? Select all that apply.
A. Breast milk from mother with HAV
B. Ingestion of contaminated food
C. Fecal-oral route
D. Casual contact with infected person
E. Blood transfusion - BC
A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days.Which of the following is an
action for the nurse to take?
Offer chicken broth
Initiate oral rehydration therapy
Start hypertonic IV solution
Keep NPO - B
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected to have Enterobius vermicularis. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
Perform a tape test
Collect stool specimen for culture
Test the stool for occult blood
Initiate IV fluids - A
A nurse is assessing a child who has a rotavirus infection. Which of the following are expected findings?
(Select all that apply)
Fever
Vomiting
Watery stools
Blood stools
Confusion - ABC
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about Salmonella. Which of the following information should the
nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply)
Incubation period is nonspecific
It is a bacterial infection
Bloody diarrhea is common
Transmission can be from house pets - BCD
Antibiotics are used for treatment
A nurse is teaching a group of caregivers about E.coli. Which of the following information should the
nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply)
Severe abdominal cramping occurs
Watery diarrhea is present for more than 5 days
It can lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome
It is a foodborne pathogen
Antibiotics are given for treatment - ACD
A nurse is assessing an infant who has hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply).
Projectile vomiting
Dry mucous membranes
Currant jelly stools
Sausage-shaped abdominal mass
Constant hunger - ABE
A nurse is caring for a child who has Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
Encourage a high-fiber, low-protein, low-calorie diet
Prepare the family for surgery
Place an NG tube for decompression
Initiate bed rest - B
A nurse is caring for an infant who has just returned from PACU following cleft lip and palate repair.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Remove the packing in the mouth
Place the infant in an upright position
Offer a pacifier with sucrose
Assess the mouth with a tongue blade - B
A nurse is caring for a child who has Meckel's diverticulum. Which of the following manifestations
should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply).
Abdominal pain
Fever
Mucus and blood in stools
Vomiting
Rapid, shallow breathing - AC
A nurse is teaching a parent of an infant about gastrointestinal reflux disease. Which of the following
should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply).
Offer frequent feedings
Thicken formula with rice cereal
Use a bottle with a one way valve
Position baby upright after feedings
Use a wide based nipple for feedings - ABD [Show Less]