PEDIATRICS PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022
Which of the following is appropriate advice to give to a mother who is breastfeeding
her 10-day-old
... [Show More] infant?
A. "Your milk will come in today."
B. "To minimize breast tenderness, the baby should not be kept on either breast for
more than 5 to 10 minutes."
C. "A clicking sound made by the baby during feedings signifies a good latch and
suck."
D. "The baby's urine should be light or colorless." - Correct Answer-D
Which of the following is appropriate advice to give to a mother who is breastfeeding
her 12-hour-old infant?
A. "You will likely have enough milk to feed the baby within a few hours of birth."
B. "The baby might need to be awakened to be fed."
C. "Supplemental feeding is needed unless the baby has at least four wet diapers in
the first day of life."
D. "The baby will likely have a seedy yellow bowel movement today." - Correct
Answer-B
Compared with the use of infant formula, advantages for the baby of breastfeeding
include all of the following except:
A. lower incidence of diarrheal illness.
B. greater weight gain in the first few weeks of life.
C. reduced risk of allergic disorders.
D. lower occurrence of constipation. - Correct Answer-B
At 3 weeks of age, the average-weight, formula-fed infant should be expected to
take: mL
A. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 2 to 3 hours.
B. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 3 to 4 hours.
C. 3 to 4 oz, or 90 to 118 mL, every 2 to 3 hours.
D. 3 to 4 oz, or 90 to 118 mL, every 3 to 4 hours. - Correct Answer-A
In infants, solid foods are best introduced no earlier than:
A. 1 to 3 months.
B. 3 to 5 months.
C. 4 to 6 months.
D. 6 to 8 months. - Correct Answer-C
Nursing infants generally maximally receive about which percentage of the maternal
dose of a drug?
A. 1%
B. 3%
C. 5%
D. 10% - Correct Answer-A
Most drugs pass into breast milk through:
A. active transport.
B. facilitated transfer.
C. simple diffusion.
D. creation of a pH gradient. - Correct Answer-C
To remove a drug from breast milk through "pump and dump," the nursing mother
should refrain from taking the offending medication and the process must be
continued for:
A. two infant feeding cycles.
B. approximately 8 hours.
C. three to five half-lives of the drug.
D. a period of time that is highly unpredictable. - Correct Answer-C
When counseling a breastfeeding woman about alcohol use during lactation, you
relate that:
A. drinking a glass of wine or beer will enhance the let-down reflex.
B. because of its high molecular weight, relatively little alcohol is passed into breast
milk.
C. maternal alcohol use causes a reduction in the amount of milk ingested by the
infant.
D. infant intoxication can be seen with mother's having as few as one to two
alcoholic drinks. - Correct Answer-C
A 23-year-old woman is breastfeeding her healthy newborn. She wishes to start
using hormonal contraception. Which of the following represents the best regimen?
A. combined oral contraception initiated at 2 weeks
B. progesterone-only oral contraception initiated at 3 weeks
C. medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) given day 1 postpartum
D. use of all forms of hormonal contraception is discouraged during lactation -
Correct Answer-B
Guidelines recommend that a breastfeeding mother waits until breastfeeding is well
established for approximately 6 months before using combined oral contraceptives
(COC) because:
A. in early breastfeeding, the amount of hormone in COC could cause significant
harm to the nursing infant.
B. efficacy of COC could be compromised by breastfeeding.
C. milk flow could be compromised by COC.
D. COC oral contraceptive use could affect mother's sleep patterns. - Correct
Answer-C
At what point after childbirth can a combined oral contraceptive be started without
other risk factors for venous thrombosis in a woman who is not breastfeeding?
A. 1 day
B. 1 week
C. 3 weeks
D. 6 weeks - Correct Answer-C
The anticipated average daily weight gain during the first 3 months of life is
approximately:
A. 15 g or 0.53 oz.
B. 20 g or 0.7 oz.
C. 25 g or 0.88 oz.
D. 30 g or 1 oz. - Correct Answer-D
The average required caloric intake in an infant from age 0 to 3 months is usually:
A. 40 to 60 kcal/kg/d.
B. 60 to 80 kcal/kg/d.
C. 80 to 100 kcal/kg/d.
D. 100 to 120 kcal/kg/d. - Correct Answer-C
Regarding physiologic jaundice in the newborn, select all that are correct.
A. It occurs between 12 and 24 hours of life.
B. It progresses from the abdomen toward the head of the infant
C. Unconjugated bilirubin is elevated.
D. Risk of development of hyperbilirubinemia can be reduced in a breastfed infant
with frequent breastfeeding every 2 to 3 hours per 24 hours.
E. It can be avoided by supplemental water and dextrose feedings between
breastfeeding in the first 3 to 4 days of life to increase hydration while mother's milk
come in. - Correct Answer-C, D
Which is most consistent with a normal developing 3 month old infant born at 40
weeks gestation?
A. sitting briefly with support
B. experimenting with sound
C. rolling over
D. having a social smile - Correct Answer-B
Which is most consistent with a normal developing 5 month old born at 32 weeks
gestations?
A. sitting briefly with support
B. experimenting with sound
C. rolling over
D. performing hand to hand transfers - Correct Answer-B
A healthy full term infant at 3 to 5 months should be able to:
A. gesture to an object
B. brings hands together
C. reach for an object with one hand
D. feed self a biscuit - Correct Answer-B
A healthy infant at age 9 to 11 months is expected to:
A. roll from back to stomach
B. imitate bye-bye
C. play peek a boo
D. hand toy on request - Correct Answer-C
A healthy 2 yo is able to:
A. speak in phrases of 2 words or more
B. throw a ball at a target
C. scribble spontaneously
D. ride a tricycle - Correct Answer-A
At which age would a child likely start to imitate housework?
A. 18 months
B. 24 months
C. 30 months
D. 36 months - Correct Answer-A
A healthy 3 yo child is expected to:
A. give his or her first and last name
B. use pronouns
C. kick a ball
D. name a best friend - Correct Answer-A
A healthy 6 to 7 month old is able to:
A. roll from back to stomach
B. confidently feed self a cracker
C. reach for an object
D. crawl on abdomen - Correct Answer-A
You examine a healthy 9 month old and expect to find:
A. sits without support
B. cruises
C. has the ability to recognize his own name
D. imitates a razzing noise - Correct Answer-C
A healthy 3 yo is able to:
A. name five colors
B. alternate feet when climbing stairs
C. speak in 2 word phrases
D. tie shoelaces - Correct Answer-B
Which would not be found in newborns?
A. best vision at a range of 8-12 inches
B. presence of red reflex
C. light sensitive eyes
D. lack of defensive blink - Correct Answer-D
Which do you expect to find in a 2 week old infant?
A. visual preference for human face
B. preference for low pitched noises
C. indifference to the cry of other neonates
D. poorly developed sense of smell - Correct Answer-A
Which is most appropriate in examination of a healthy 5 yo?
A. being able to name a best friend
B. giving gender correctly
C. naming an intended career
D. hopping on one foot - Correct Answer-A
You are examining a 18 month old boy who is not speaking any discernible words.
Mom tells you he has not said mama or dada yet or babbled or smiled responsively.
You:
A. encourage mother to enroll him in daycare to increase socialization
B. conduct further evaluation of milestone attainment
C. reassure the parent that delayed speech is common in boys
D. order audiogram and tympanometry - Correct Answer-B
The benchmarks that indicate normal development in a healthy child born at term
who is now 12 months old are:
A. talking in 2 word sentencs
B. pointing to a desired object
C. reaching for a desired object
D. walking backward - Correct Answer-B, C
It is a developmental red flag if a child does not respond to his name by 9 months
old.
A. true
B. false - Correct Answer-B
A child needs to demonstrate more than one developmental red flag to warrant
further evaluation.
A. true
B. false - Correct Answer-B
The presumptive diagnosis of fragile X syndrome can be confirmed by a blood test.
A. true
B. false - Correct Answer-A
This chromosomal syndrome is a common etiology of social and verbal
developmental delays in boys:
A. Tay-Sachs
B. cystic fibrosis
C. Fragile X
D. Trisomy 18 - Correct Answer-C
One physical sign of fragile X syndrome in males includes:
A. large eyes.
B. large forehead.
C. small head.
D. recessive jaw - Correct Answer-B
Klinefelter syndrome is most commonly marked by:
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