Pediatric Hesi TEST BANK
Norms for growth and development ans: Birth weight doubles by 6 months, triples by yr
Peek a boo by 6 month
Sits upright
... [Show More] without support by 8
pincher grip by 10-12
Hesi hint ans: Mobiles: infant
Puppets: toddler/preschool
Cars: preschool
Games: school age
Themselves: adolescent
Toddlers ans: 2-3 word sentences at 2
Ritualistic
Preschool ans: Favorite word is why
Sentences of 5-8
School age ans: Each yr gains 4-6 lbs grows 2 inches
Socialization with peers very important
Immunization ans: Cold doesn't stop it unless > 99
Use acetaminophen orally
Cystic fibrosis ans: Autosomal recessive
Absence of pancreatic enzymes
Greasy stool
Chronic pulmonary infections
High sweat test
Pancreatic enzymes with meals
Digoxin therapy in kids ans: Hold infants <100, kids <80
Don't skip or make up dose
Give 1-2 hrs before meals
S/s over dose: vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, drowsiness
Vent septal defect ans: Abnormal opening between ventricles
Acyanotic
Atrial septal defect ans: Opening in atria
Acyanotic
Patent ductus arterious ans: Hole between aorta and pulmonary artery
Acyanototic
So are coarctation of aorta and aortic stenosis
Cyanotic heart defects ans: Tetralogy of fallot: 4 defects
Transposition of the great vessels: everything is criss crossed
Truncus arterious : single great vessel instead of 2
Rheumatic fever ans: Most common cause of acquired heart disease
Affects connective tissue, sore throat than fever
Lots of rest, home school
Resp distress infants ans: Increase rr
axillAry muscles for breathing
Restlessness
Nasal flaring
Tripod
Grunting
Cyanotic
Resp failure infants ans: Brady
Deceased rr
Apneic
Deceased loc
Grunting
Deceased breath sounds
When does birth length double? ans: By 4 years
When does the child sit unsupported? ans: 8 months
When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? ans: 2 years
When does a child throw a ball overhand? ans: 18 months
When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? ans: 2 Yeears
Age groups concepts of bodily injury ans: Infants: After 6 months, their cognitive development allows them to remember pain.
Toddlers: Fear intrusive procedures.
Preschoolers: Fear body mutilation.
School age: Fear loss of control of their body.
Adolescent: Major concern is change in body image.
Following immunization, what teaching should the nurse provide to the parents? ans: Irritability, fever (<102 degrees F), redness and soreness at injection site for 2-3days are normal side effects of DPT and IPV administration.Call healthcare provider if seizures, high fever, or high -pitched crying occur.A warm washcloth on the thigh injection site and "bicycling" the legs w/each diaper change will decrease soreness.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is administered orally every 4-6 hours (10-15 mg/Kg)
Hgb norms ans: Newborn: 14 to 24 g/dl
Infant: 10 to 15 g/dl
Child: 11 to 16 g/dl
Autosomal recessive ans: Both parents must be heterozygous, or carriers of the recessive trait, for the disease to be expressed in their offspring. With each pregnancy, there is a 1:4 chance of the infant having the disease. However, all children of such parents CAN get the disease - NOT 25% of them.
A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy. Which of the following instructions will the nurse include when teaching the parents of this child?
a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates
b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled
c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C)
d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house ans: Answer B
fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause infections in immune-compromised child. Fruits and vegetables should either be peeled or cooked. The physician should be notified of a temperature above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated, and humidifiers harbor fungi in the water containers.
A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from bicycleriding. Which of the following is the first nursing action?
a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate
b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion
c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee ans: Answer D
rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments to reduce the swelling and bleeding into the joint. These are the priority actions for bleeding into the joint of a client with hemophilia
A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks the nurse about chances of her children having sickle cell disease. Which of the following is appropriate response by the nurse?
a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease
b) only the male children will be affected
c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected
d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease ans: Answer C
In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25% chance with each pregnancy that a child will have the disease. [Show Less]