Pediatric HESI #2 QUESTION AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT…TEST BANK
The mother of a school age child asks if her child has lice due to not washing
... [Show More] frequently enough. What is the best response for the nurse to make
A. lice spread easily due to close proximity not poor hygiene
B. Frequently washing of the head can help prevent lice
C. soaking combs and brushes in pediculicide shampoo can help prevent infection
D. The only way to prevent lice is to teach your child not to share combs and hats Correct Answer: a
The RN in the clinic is providing f/up instructions for a child diagnosed w/ nonbullous impetigo. Which are important for the RN to include in the teaching SATA
a. complete all antibx as ordered
b. the child may return to school as soon as the antibx are started
c. the lesions should remain open to air for healing
d. trim fingernails to prevent scratching
e. honey colored crusting is normal and will resolve Correct Answer: a, d, e
The RN observes a new mother care for a newborn experiencing diaper rash. For which action should the RN intervene
a. She changes the diaper frequently
b. She washes the skin area w/ mild soap
c. She sprinkles baby powder over the area
d. she leaves the skin area open to air for 15 mins Correct Answer: c
The RN is preparing teaching material on the removal of head lice for a community health program. Which information should the RN include
a. remove nits w/ a hairbrush
b. clean all bedding in cold water and bleach
c. place objects that cannot be laundered in a plastic bag
d. spray the floor + furniture with pesticide Correct Answer: c
during a community fair a toddler is burned w/ a hot coal from a grill. Which action should the RN take
a. apply ice to the area
b. place the area in cool water
c. break the blisters and apply ice over the area
d/ wash the area w/ large amounts of warm water Correct Answer: b
The RN is visiting a home of a client who delivered a full term infant 2 days ago. For which home safety observation should the RN make a recommendation
a. a guardrail placed in front of the fireplace
b.smoke alarms installed and functioning in all rooms
c. a fire extinguisher located at the entrance to the kitchen
d. the mother holds the infant while pouring water for hot tea Correct Answer: d
the RN is providing parent education about how to best treat a diaper rash. Which statement made by the parents indicate that they need further teaching
a. I should only change the babys diaper once per day
b. I should apply a protective cream to the diaper area
c. I should let the diaper area dry for a few mins before applying a new diaper
d. I should monitor for signs of infection if the diaper rash is severe Correct Answer: a
A RN is providing education to parents of school children w/ pediculosis capitis. Which statement about treating pediculosis if made by the parent would indicate a need for further teaching
a. we will be sure to wash my childs bedding after using the shampoo
b. my childs toys will need to be bagged for at least 2 weeks and the nwashed
c. my child will need to continue to use the shampoo for 2mos
d. we will soak our childs combs and brushes in hot water and the shampoo Correct Answer: c
A RN is reviewing home care instructions to parents of a child diagnosed w/ cellulitis of the forearm. Which important teaching about cellulitis should be included in the home care instructions
a. cellulitis is an auto-immune disorder
b. Cellulitis is always caused by MRSA
c. parents and caregicers should seek medical help for increased fever or for increasing redness, streaking and pain and swelling at the infection site
d. cellulitis always needs to be treated w/ IV antibx Correct Answer: c
which clinical manifestations in a pt w/ a burn would need priority nursing interventions
a. a child exhibiting increased redness, warmth and swelling at the site of the burn
b. child who is demonstrating decreased uriane output
c. child w/ pain score of 10/10
d. child w/ increased itching at site Correct Answer: b
a child diagnosed w/ impetigo is hospitalized. The admitting RN appropriately places this child on which type of precautions
a. contact
b. droplet
c. airborne
d. neutropenic Correct Answer: a
the school RN knows that pediculosis is coomonly found among school age children. Which statement is true about lice
a. as the lice insects does not fly it is transmitted by close proximity which allows the insect to crawl from one person to the next
b. lice is not easily transmitted from person to person
c. lice needs to be eradicated w/ special antibx cream
d. a child w/ lice will need to wear a hat at all times until it is eliminated Correct Answer: a
During a home visit, the RN determines that a parent needs additional teaching about meds prescribed to treat a newborns hypothyroidism. Which observation caused the RN to provide additional instructions SATA
a. mixed crushed meds w/ water
b. mixed crushed meds in soy formula
c. placed crushed meds in a feeding bottle
D. used a needleless syringe to dminister the med
e. prepared 2 doses of the med w/ the morning bottle Correct Answer: b,c,e
The RN instructs the parents of a toddler w/ type 1 DM. Which statement indicated that additional teaching about sick day rules is required? SATA
a. we will not encourage fluids
b. we will not give the regular dose of insulin
c. we will monitor blood glucose levels frequently
d. we will not give any OTC meds
e. we will call the PCP for help if needed Correct Answer: a, b
a school age client w/ type 1 DM has ittle league baseball games at 5pm several times a week. Which should the parents and client be instructed to do before games?
a. drink 16oz of water
b. withhold providing the routine insulin dose until after the game
c. eat a complex carb and protein between 4-430
d. ingest a serving of a rapid acting glucose source before the game begins Correct Answer: c
a school age pt is diagnosed w/ severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Which lab value should the rn expect to confirm this diagnosis
a. venous blood pH 6.8
b. +4 ketones in the urine
c. blood glucose 220mg/dL
d. bicarb level 15mEq/L Correct Answer: a
DKA = pH <7
a pt w/ type 1 DM is flushed w/ dry skin and reports eating a large serving of pasta for lunch. Which action should the rn take?
a. instruct to lie down
b. provide w/ a large glass of water
c. measure BP and HR
d. prepare an additional dose of prescribed insulin Correct Answer: b
for too many carbs eaten, fluid should be increased
a 7yo pt is diagnosed w/ premature adrenarche. Which should the rn expect to assess in this client?
a. onset menstruation
b. increased growth velocity
c. development of pubic, axillary and body hair
d. unilateral breast development w. areolae maturation Correct Answer: c
the rn instructs an adolescent client and the parents on a beta blocker med prescribed for hyperthyroidism. Which statement indicates that teaching was effective?
a. I won't need surgery if I take this med
b. this will make my thyroid gland shrink in size
c. this will help my rapid HR and nervousness
d. this reduces the amt of thyroid hormone in my body Correct Answer: c
the rn is planning care for a pre-adolescent client newly diagnosed w/ type 1 DM. Which should be the focis when providing nutrition teaching to this pt?
a. fat reduction
b. wt reduction
c. protein restriction
d. carb exchanges Correct Answer: d
the RN suspects that an adolescent w/ type 1 DM is experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis DKA. Which finding caused the rn to make this clinical determination?
a. slo HR
b. extreme hunger
c. deep and laborious respirations
d. slightly elevated BP Correct Answer: c
AKA= kussmaul breathing = pt is trying to correct metabolic acidosis by blowing off excess carbon dioxide
a school age pt has a blood glucose of 60mg/dL. Which direction should the rn provide the parent after giving the pt 6oz of regular soda
a. provide a protein
b. seek immediate medical attention
c. encourage to drink several glasses of water
d. recheck the blood glucose level in 15mins Correct Answer: d
the rn is concerned that an adolescent pt is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which finding caused the rn to make this clinical determination
a. dizziness
b. stomach pain
c. extreme thirst
d. frequent urination Correct Answer: a
in fetal circulation which structure is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood to the fetus
a. umbilical vein
b. pulmonary artery
c. patent ductus arteriosus
d. airta Correct Answer: a
the rn is assessing a 2day old and notes BP in the arm of 69/45 w/ a bp of 45/32 in the leg. The rn understands this discrepancy is associated w/ which diagnosis
a. aortic arch abnormality
b. ventricular septal defect
c. atrial septal defect
d. patent ductus arteriosus Correct Answer: a
the rn is measuring BP on the leg of a sleeping toddler and receives an unusually high reading. What is the best action for the RN
a. confirm the appropriate size of the cuff and obtain a larger cuff if needed to recheck
b. confirm the appropriate size cuff and obtain a smaller cuff to recheck
c. allow the child to rest and recheck w/ same cuff in 10mins
d. document the finding and notify the practioner Correct Answer: a
what does the care of a child following cardiac cath include? SATA
a. monitoring pulses above and below the site
b. monitoring I&O
c. placing the child in side-lying position w/ the affected extremity down
d. instructing the family members to keep the child quiet for 8hrs following the procedure
e. placing a dry, occlusive dressing over the site for 24hrs Correct Answer: a, b, e
in assess an infant w/ R sided heart failure, the rn understands that the underlying condition prevents the right ventricle from pumping enough blood into the ___, resulting in increased pressure in the R atrium and systemic venous system Correct Answer: pulmonary artery
what are the components of tetralogy of fallot? SATA
a. overriding aorta
b. ventricular septal defect
c. atrial septal defect
d. pulmonary stenosis
e. thickened R ventricle Correct Answer: a, b, d, e
what 4 things are involved with tetralogy of fallot? Correct Answer: 1. Overriding Aorta
2. Ventricular septal defect
3. pulmonary stenosis
4. thickened right ventricle
the mother of a child who is 72hrs post-cardiac cath calls the clinic to report a temp of 102. What is the best action for the rn to take
a. inform the mother it is normal to have some fever following the procedure
b. ask the mother to administer acetaminophen and recheck in 1hr
c. instruct the mother to bring the pt in for evaluation
d. instruct the mother to reduce activity and report any signs of changes to the affected extremity Correct Answer: c
the parents of a newborn diagnosed w/ tricuspid atresia ask the rn "did we cause this problem?" which statement by the rn indicated the nurses comprehension of the most common causes of congenital cardial malformations
a. the most common cause of congenital heart malformations are genetic factors
b. the most common cause of congenital heart malformations are teratogens
c. the most common cause of congenital heart malformations is maternal drug use
d. there are no known causes of congenital heart malformations Correct Answer: d
the RN is assessing the child suspected of having a UTI. The following assessment findings could indicate the presence of a UTI. SATA
a. flank pain
b. abd pain
c. urinary frequency
d. increased appetite
e. inability to void Correct Answer: a, b, c
the clinic rn suspects a child may have acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis when the child displays which symptoms? SATA
a. hx of strep throat 2 wks ago
b. hypertension
c. oliguria
d. anorexia
e.fever Correct Answer: a, b, c, d
the rn is working w/ a student rn who asks how the symptoms of UTI in infants differ from those in adults. The rn correctly replies
a. infants may present w/ subtle symptoms such as fever alone
b. in infants the bacteria concentrates in the kidneys leading to urosepsis
c. infants may have an increased appetite in order to fight the infection
d. the signs of UTI are the same in infants and adults Correct Answer: a
the rn is reviewing a child's medical hx and notes that the child has had repeated UTI's. The rn recognizes that repeated UTI's can result in
a. dysuria
b. renal scarring
c. bladder enlargement
d. congestive heart failure Correct Answer: b
the rn is performing discharge teaching for a family whose infant has been diagnosed w/ mild vesicoureteral refluc (VUR). Further teaching is needed when the parents state
a. her siblings are at a higher risk for VuR and may need testing
b. we need to make sure she doesn't get constipated
c. this form of VUR may resolve on it's own w/ time
d. daily antibx have been shown to be helpful in decreasing kidney damage Correct Answer: d
the rn is preparing to collect a urine specimen from an infant who is suspected of having a UTI. the most reliable method to collect a sterile specimen is
a. urine bag
b. cotton ball in diaper
c. clean catch
d. cath Correct Answer: d
the rn is caring for a 1month old who was admitted to the hospital w/ urosepsis. The priority intervention when caring for this pt is to
a. orient the family to the room
b. teach the family to save the baby's diapers for I&O's
c. provide time for the infant to breastfeed on demand when she is hungry
d. administer antibiotics as ordered on the infants MAR Correct Answer: d
the clinic rn is teaching a family whose child has chronic urinary tract infections. The rn understands that further teaching is needed when the parents states
a. she needs to eat a low-fiber diet in order to prevent her from getting more UTI's
b. she needs to drink a lot of water each day in order to prevent her from getting uti's
c. she can drink cranberry juice if it seems to help prevent UTI's
d. she should avod bubble baths if they seem t cause UTI symptoms Correct Answer: a
the ED rn is assessing a child w/ nephrotic syndrome who is hemodynamically unstable. The chlid is tachycardiac hypotension, and has poor perfusion. The rn understands that they priority intervention is to
a. administer IV antibx
b. perform a complete head to toe assessment
c. take the child for CT scan locate bleeding
d. administer an iv normal saline fluid bolus Correct Answer: d
the rn caring for a child diagnosed w/ acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis would ensure the child has a diet consisting of
a. high protein
b. low phosphorus
c. no added calcium
d. no added salt Correct Answer: d
the ED rn is reviewing the lab report and notes the child's BUN and creatinine are markedly elevated. The rn correctly suspects the cild has
a. hypospadias
b. cryptochidism
c. UTI
d. acute kidney injury Correct Answer: d
the rn notes that a child w/ a suspected urinary disorder has frothy urine. The rn recognizes that this is a sign of
a. hematuria, which could indicate hemolytic uremic syndrom
b. hematuria, which could indicate acute post infectious glomerulonephritis
c. bacteruria which could indicate UTI
d. proteinuria which could indicate nephrotic syndrome Correct Answer: d
frothy urine does indicate proteinuria, and that can be a sign of nephrotic syndrome
the rn and student rn are discussing the normal urinary system development for the 2 month old, they are caring for. Given the infant's age the student RN correctly states that
a. the majority of infants are born w/ a congenital urinary abnormality
b. this infant's kidneys are immature
c. the renal arteries take blood away from the kidney
d. the kidneys are located w/in the peritoneal space in infants Correct Answer: b
the rn caring for a child w/ nephotic syndrome expects the following assessment findings or lab values. SATA
a. edema of 4+ in lower legs and ankles
b. protein in the urine when checked w/ a dipstick
c. wt gain
d. elevated serum albumin levels
e. anorexia Correct Answer: a, b, c, e
the parents of a child hospitalized w/ acute post infectious glomerulonephritis ask the rn why blood pressure readings are being taken so often. The rns reply should be based on knowledge of which of the following?
a. BP fluctuations are a common side effect of antibx therapy
b. BP fluctuations are a sign that the condition will likely be fatal
c. acute hypertension must be identified and treated
d. hypertension leading to sudden shock can develop at any time Correct Answer: c
hypertension is common with APIGN
the rn is analyzing the lab results for a child admited to the ED. The following results are noted
BUN 60mg
creatinine 3.1
sodium 141
potassium 4.7
chloride 102
based on these lab findings, the rn will further assess the child for
a. acute kidney injury
b. hyponatremia
c. hyperkalemia
d. hyperchloremia Correct Answer: a
acute kidney injury is characterized by elevated BUN + creat
a child has been diagnosed w/ chronic urinary tract infections. The rn would question an order for which test
a. DMSA scan [Show Less]