Pediatric Case Studies
Contents:
Asthma
RSV
Cystic Fibrosis
Influenza
Ectopia Cordis
Rheumatic Fever
... [Show More] Cardiomyopathy
Tetralogy of Fallot
Parvovirus B19 (Fifth Disease)
Congenital Syphilis
Hepatitis B
Osteomyelitis (1)
Sickle Cell Anemia
Diabetes Mellitus type 1
Diabetes Mellitus type 2
Hirschsprung's Disease
Appendicitis
Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome
Asthma
A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that results in intermittent and reversible
airflow obstruction of the bronchioles. The obstruction occurs either by inflammation of
airway hyper-responsiveness.
Nursing Diagnosis:
1.) Activity Intolerance related to imbalance between oxygen supply and demand
2.) Anxiety related to situational crisis
3.) Impaired gas exchange related to alveolar-capillary changes
4.) Ineffective breathing pattern related to decreased energy/fatigue
5.) Deficient knowledge
Nursing Care:
➢ Assess respiratory rate, breath sounds, airway patency, symmetry, effort, and use of accessory
muscles.
➢ Use pulse oximetry to monitor oxygen saturation in the least invasive manner to note adequacy of
oxygenation and ensure early detection of hypoxemia.
➢ Position for comfort with open airway and room for lung expansion and use pillows or padding if
necessary to maintain position to ensure optimal ventilation via maximum lung expansion.
➢ Encourage incentive spirometry and coughing with deep breathing (can be accomplished through
play) to maximize ventilation (play enhances the child’s participation).
➢ Monitor ABG values and pulse oximetry readings to evaluate oxygenation and respiratory status.
➢ Administer O2 as ordered to help reduce hypoxemia end reduce respiratory distress.
➢ Force fluids to liquefy secretions and prevent dehydration r/t increased respiratory rate.
➢ Provide nebulizer treatment as ordered to liquefy secretions.
➢ Suction airway as needed to remove secretions.
➢ Remain with the child and offer reassurance during periods of respiratory difficulty to relieve
anxiety.
➢ Administer bronchodilators and antibiotics as ordered. Monitor for effectiveness and check for
adverse effects.
➢ Schedule necessary care activities to provide frequent rest periods to prevent fatigue and reduce
oxygen demand.
➢ Identify the child’s developmental level and select appropriate teaching methods (older school age
age-group use demonstration and audiovisual materials such as body outline).
➢ Teach the child pursed lip breathing, abdominal breathing and relaxation techniques.
➢ Encourage parents’ verbalization of concerns related to child’s illness: allows for identification of
concerns and demonstrates to the family that the nurse also cares about them, not just the child.
➢ Explain therapy, procedures, and child’s behavior to [Show Less]