Pediatric ATI
Chapter 1
Parenting styles
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Chapter 2
Physical assessment findings
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Chapter 3
Infants
• Separation
• Object
... [Show More] permanence – around 9m
• Mental representation
• 3-5 words by 1yr
• Concept of no
Chapter 4
Toddlers
Chapter 5
Preschoolers
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Chapter 6
School-age children
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Chapter 7
Adolescents (12-20)
• Girls stop growing 2-2.5 years after their period starts
• Boys stop growing around 18-20
• Sexual maturation in girls:
o Breast development
o Pubic hair growth
o Underarm hair
o Period
• Sexual maturation in boys:
o Testicular enlargement
o Pubic hair
o Penile enlargement
o Underarm hair growth
o Facial hair
o Vocal changes
• Paget’s cog development – formal operations
• Erikson’s: identity vs role confusion
• Video games, music, sports, pets, reading
• Immunizations
o Flu
o 16-18 – meningitis (before college)
• Injury prevention – helmet use, seat belts, driving, substance abuse
Chapter 8
Safe med admin
• Oral is preferred, smallest measuring device possible, don’t mix oral meds in formula
• Put in side of mouth, hold cheeks, and stroke chin to swallow
• Ear drops <3: pinna down and back
• Injections (IM)
o Preferred route is visits lateralis •ventral gluteal or in the deltoid
o 22-25g with half inch to 1-inch needle
• IV – procedure room; away from bed – EMLA cream to numb the area is recommended
o Avoid terms like bee sting or stick
o Keep stuff out of site
o Parents can stay
o Swaddle the infant
o Non-nutritive sucking is offered before, during, and after to infants
Chapter 9
Pain management
• Self-report is only used for children 4 and older
• FLACC scale: 2m – 7 years
o Pain rate on a scale of 0-10 & assessing behaviors of the child
• FACES: 3 years and older
• Ocher scale: 3-13 years
• Numeric scale: 5 and older
• Use play therapy to explain procedures
• Give medications to kids routinely vs prn
• Combining opioid and non-opioid meds
• EMLA cream •1 hour prior to small stick or 2.5 hours for a big stick
o Occlusive dressing over
Chapter 10
Hospitalization, illness, and play
• Infant
o Stanger anxiety 6-18m
• Toddler
o Behavior may regress
o Separation anxiety
o Intense reaction to procedures
o Parallel play
• Preschooler
o Magical thinking •may think they caused an illness to happen
o Still experience separation anxiety
o Explain the procedure in very simple clear language, give them a choice if possible (cup or spoon)
o Associative play – play together without much organization
• School age child
o Describe pain and increased ability to understand cause and effect
o Give factual info, tell the truth, encourage contact with peer group, and express feelings
o Cooperative play; play in groups/more organized
• Adolescent
o Body image disturbance
o Feel isolated from peers
o Give factual info, tell the truth, encourage contact with peer group, and express feelings
o Friends can come visit
Chapter 11
Death and dying
• Anticipatory grief – when death is expected or a possible outcome
• Complicated grief – extends for more than 1 year following the [Show Less]