PATHO FINAL QUIZ 6 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022
A patient has ankylosing spondylitis. Which description of this condition by the health
care professional
... [Show More] is most accurate?
- Wide-spread and deep chronic muscle pain, fatigue, and tender points
- Chronic inflammatory disease with stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac
joints
- Chronic systemic inflammatory disease that affects many tissues and organs
- State of abnormal and excessive bone resorption and formation - ANS-Chronic
inflammatory disease with stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints
The pathophysiologic presentation of gout is closely linked to the metabolism of
which chemical?
- Vitamin E
- Amino acid
- Purine
- Pyrimidine - ANS-Purine
A person in the health care clinic has gout. In order to prevent a common
complication, what self-care measure does the health care professional teach the
person about?
- Splinting affected joints
- Eating more protein
- Drinking plenty of water
- Avoiding hot weathe - ANS-Drinking plenty of water
A patient has been diagnosed with Paget disease. What explanation of the disease
does the health care professional provide the patient?
- "It is a condition in which your bones become soft."
- "It is a problem with bone resorption and formation."
- "It is a severe infection in your bones."
- "It's a disorder of altered energy production in muscle. - ANS-"It is a problem with
bone resorption and formation."
A patient reports joint stiffness with movement and joint pain in weightbearing joints
that is usually relieved by rest. What treatment option does the health care
professional discuss with the patient?
- Ways to decrease serum uric acid
- Exercise and weight reduction
- Rapid intravenous hydration
- Administration of oral methotrexate - ANS-Exercise and weight reduction
A patient in the Emergency Department has either a tendon or ligament injury. What
pain description from the patient would the health care professional associate with
these injuries?
- Sharp and localized, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
- Intermittent and aching, occurring over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
- Pins-and-needle sensations that occur distal to the injury with movement
- Dull and diffuse, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament - ANSSharp and localized, persisting over the distribution of the tendon or ligament
Which protein, absent in muscle cells of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, mediates
the anchoring of skeletal muscle fibers to the basement membrane?
- Troponin
- Syntrophin
- Laminin
- Dystrophin - ANS-Dystrophin
A health care professional is providing education to a group of seasonal athletes.
What type of fracture does the professional warn them to avoid?
- Pathologic
- Stress
- Insufficiency
- Greenstick - ANS-Stress
The student wants to know how the clinical manifestations and onset of juvenile
idiopathic arthritis (JIA) differ from those of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults. What
answer by the healthcare professional is best?
- JIA predominantly affects large joints.
- JIA has more severe joint pain than adult RA.
- JIA begins insidiously with systemic signs of inflammation.
- JIA has a rapid onset of generalized aches as the first symptom - ANS-JIA
predominantly affects large joints.
What is a primary defect in osteoarthritis?
- Synovial membranes become inflamed.
- Immunoglobulin G (IgG) destroys the synovial membrane.
- Stromelysin and acid metalloproteinase breakdown articular cartilage.
- Cartilage-coated osteophytes create bone spurs. - ANS-Stromelysin and acid
metalloproteinase breakdown articular cartilage
A patient in the clinic is worried about having fibromyalgia. For which symptoms
should the health care professional assess the patient for?
- Exercise intolerance and painful muscle cramps
- Hot, tender, and edematous muscle groups bilaterally
- Sensitivity at tender points and profound fatigue
- Fasciculations of the upper and lower extremity muscle - ANS-Sensitivity at tender
points and profound fatigue
What causes the crystallization within the synovial fluid of the joint affected by gouty
arthritis?
- Increase in the glycosaminoglycan levels
- Overproduction of uric acid
- Reduced excretion of purines
- Overproduction of proteoglycans - ANS-Overproduction of uric acid
What term is used to identify skin lesions that are elevated, rounded, and firm with
irregular clawlike margins that extend beyond the original site of injury?
- Keloid
- Psoriasis
- Dermatitis
- Acne - ANS-Keloid
The newly admitted client has burns on both legs. The burned areas appear white
and leather-like. No blisters or bleeding are present, and the client states that he has
little pain. How should you categorize this injury?
- Partial-thickness superficial
- Superficial
- Full-thickness
- Partial-thickness deep - ANS-Full-thickness
The healthcare professional is assessing four patients for pressure ulcer formation.
What is the first change in the skin that the professional would note if a patient were
developing a pressure ulcer?
- Reddish-purple discoloration
- Blister at the site of pressure
- Blanchable erythema of intact skin
- Nonblanchable erythema of intact skin - ANS-Nonblanchable erythema of intact
skin
Hypovolemic shock begins to develop when intravascular volume has decreased by
what percentage?
- 20
- 15
- 5
- 10 - ANS-15
What does a healthcare professional explain to a student about myasthenia gravis?
- It may result in adrenergic crisis.
- It affects the nerve roots.
- It causes muscle weakness.
- It is an acute autoimmune disease - ANS-It causes muscle weakness.
Multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome are similar in that they both do what?
- Result from inadequate production of neurotransmitters.
- Result from demyelination by an immune reaction.
- Cause permanent destruction of peripheral nerves.
- Block acetylcholine receptor sites at the myoneuronal junction. - ANS-Result from
demyelination by an immune reaction.
A student reads in a chart that a baby was born with an encephalocele. The student
asks the healthcare professional to explain this condition. What explanation by the
healthcare professional is best?
- Premature closure of one or more of the cranial sutures during the first 18 to 20
months of an infant's life
- A protruding saclike cyst of meninges filled with spinal fluid and is a mild form of
spina bifida
- Protrusion of a saclike cyst containing meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the
spinal cord through a defect in the posterior arch of a vertebra
- A herniation or protrusion of brain and meninges through a defect in the skull -
ANS-A herniation or protrusion of brain and meninges through a defect in the skull
A 20-year-old male was at the supermarket when he fell to the ground. Bystanders
reported that he lost consciousness and his body tensed up then relaxed, then
tensed and relaxed several times. He most likely was experiencing a(n):
- Generalized onset, motor, myoclonic
- Generalized onset, motor, tonic clonic
- Generalized onset, motor, atonic
- Generalized onset, nonmotor, typical - ANS-Generalized onset, motor, tonic clonic
A person has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis and asks the healthcare
professional to explain the disease. What description by the professional is most
accurate?
- Inherited autosomal dominant trait with high penetrance
- Development of neurofibrillary tangles in the CNS
- Demyelination of nerve fibers in the CNS
- Myelination of nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) - ANSDemyelination of nerve fibers in the CNS
What is the anomaly in which the soft bony component of the skull and much of the
brain is missing?
- Cranial meningocele
- Anencephaly
- Myelodysplasia
- Hydrocephaly - ANS-Anencephaly
The healthcare professional notes that the patient's intracranial pressure is 12
mmHg. What action should the professional take?... [Show Less]