PATHO 370 TEST 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025 GRADED A+ | 100% Correct.
D. ID. IisIaI66Iyear-oldIfemaleIsufferingIfromIshortnessIofIbreath.
... [Show More] ISheIsmoked I2IpacksIaIday Iuntil
IsheIquit I2IyearsIago. ISheIhasIa IhistoryIofIbronchiolitis, IhyperinflatedIlungs, Ipulmonary Iedema,
Iand Isyncope. IHerIprimaryIcare IpractitionerIsuspectsIsheIalso IhasIpulmonary IhypertensionI(PH).
IAfterIexamination, ID. ID. IhasIaIPAPIofI35mmHgIandImildICHF.
CitingIscholarlyIresources, IanswerItheIfollowingIquestions:
1. What IisIpulmonary IhypertensionIandIhowIcouldID. ID. IhaveIdevelopedIPH?
InIhealthyIlungs, Ithere IisIaIlowIarterial Iresistance IandIvenousIresistance, Iso Ithat
IcontributesIto ItheIfact Ithat ItheIleft Iside IofIthe Iheart IisImuchIstronger. IPulmonary
IHypertension IisIcaused IbyIanIincrease IinIbloodIpressure IinIthe Ipulmonary IarteriesIto Ithe
Ilungs. IThe Iheart IisIworking ImuchIharderIthan Iit IshouldIto Iget ItheIbloodIto ItheIlungs. ID.D.
Imost IlikelyIdeveloped IthisIissueIbecause IofIherIconsistent IsmokingIhabit.
2. HowIdoesIherIhistoryIfit IinIwithIherInewIdiagnosis?
HerIhistoryIofIsmoking IhasIlent Ia IheavyIhandIinIall IofIherIpriorIillnesses. IForIexample,
Ithe IchemicalsIinhaledIbyIsmokingIhasIdamaged Ithe ImembranousIlayerIofIherIlayer, Iwhich
IisIhowIfluidIisIentering IherIlungs, Icausing IpulmonaryIedema. IAll IofIthese Iillnesses
IcombinedIare ImakingIit IharderIforIherIheart IandIlungsIto Ido ItheirIjobIproperlyIwhichIis
IwhyIshe InowIhasIpulmonaryIhypertension.
3. What Iare Ithe Ithree ItypesIofIbronchodilators, IandIhowIdo ItheyIfunctionIto Ialleviate Ithe
IsymptomsIofICOPD?IWhat Iare IotherIpossible ItreatmentsIforICOPD?
TheIthree ItypesIare IBeta-adrenergic Iagonists, Ianticholinergics, IandImethylxanthines. IThe
IBeta-agonistsIbindIto IreceptorsIinItheIlungIandIblockIthe ItriggerIto ItheIspasms, Iallowing
ItheIairwaysIto IremainIopen. IThey IcanIbeItakenIorally IorIviaIMDI. I AnticholinergicsIblock
Iacetylcholine Iproduction, IwhichIinIturn Istop ItheIspasms. ITheseIare Iinhaled. IThe Ilast Itype,
Imethylxanthines, Iare Ithe Ilast Iresort ItypeIofIdrug. ITheyIalsoIalleviate IairflowIobstruction.
ICorticosteriods, Iantibiotics, IandIevenIopioidsIcanIalso IbeIusedIto Itreat ICOPD.
Leader, ID. I(2018)ITypesIofIBronchodilatorsIUsedItoTreat I ICOPD. IVeryWellHealth.
Ihttps://www.verywellhealth.com/bronchodilators-in-the-treatment-of-copd-914846
I Question I1
0.125 Iout IofI0.125Ipoints
I I I
What IformIofIoral Irehydration, IbottledIwaterIorIsaltyIbroth, IisIbest IsuitedIforIa Ipatientwho I
IisIdemonstrating IsignsIofIclinical Idehydration?
Selected
IAnswer:
Correct
IAnswer
:
Response
IFeedback
:
a. ISaltyIsoup, IbecauseIit Iwill Iprovide Isome IsodiumIto IhelpIhold
ItheIfluidIinIhisIbloodIvesselsIandIinterstitial Ifluid
a. ISaltyIsoup, IbecauseIit Iwill Iprovide Isome IsodiumIto IhelpIhold
ItheIfluidIinIhisIbloodIvesselsIandIinterstitial Ifluid
ThisImanIhasIindicatorsIofIclinical Idehydration Iand IheIneedsIsalt Ito
IholdItheIwaterIinIhisIextracellularIcompartment. IReplacingIfluids
IandIelectrolytesIisImoreIimportant IthanImeetingIhisInutritional Ineeds
Inow.
I Question I2
0.125 Iout IofI0.125Ipoints
AfterIevaluation, IaIchild’sIasthmaIisIcharacterized IasI“extrinsic.”IThisImeansIthat Ithe
IasthmaIis
SelectedIAnswer: d. Iassociated IwithIspecificIallergic Itriggers.
ICorrect IAnswer: d. Iassociated Iwith Ispecific Iallergic Itriggers.
Response
IFeedback
:
Extrinsic IasthmaIisIalsoIreferred Ito IasIallergic Iasthma, IwhichIis
Itriggered IbyIantigens. IThe Iunderlying IpathogenesisIofIextrinsic
Iasthma IisIan Iallergic IinInature. IIntrinsicIasthma IisIassociated Iwith
IrespiratoryIinfections. IIntrinsic Iasthma IisIassociated Iwith
Ipsychological Ifactors.
I Question I3
0Iout IofI0.125Ipoints
AIknown Icause IofIhypokalemia Iis
ISelectedIAnswer: c. Ipancreatitis.
Correct IAnswer: a. IinsulinIoverdose.
Response
IFeedback
:
InsulinIoverdose IcausesIhypokalemiaIbyIshiftingIpotassiumIintoIcells.
IOliguricIrenal IfailureIdecreasesIelectrolyte Iexcretion. IPancreatitis
IcausesIfat Imalabsorption, Iwhich IbindsIcalciumIand Imagnesium, Ibut
Inot Ipotassium, IinItheIgastrointestinal Itract. IHyperparathyroidism
I I I
regulatesIcalcium, Inot Ipotassium.
I Question I4
0.125 Iout IofI0.125Ipoints
AirIthat IentersItheIpleural IspaceIduringIinspirationIbut IisIunable Ito Iexit Iduring
IexpirationIcreatesIa IconditionIcalled
SelectedIAnswer: c. ItensionIpneumothorax.
ICorrect IAnswer: c. Itension Ipneumothorax.
Response
IFeedback
:
AirIthat IentersIthe Ipleural Ispace IduringIinspirationIbut IisIunable Ito
Iexit Iduring Iexpiration IcausesIa Itension Ipneumothorax. IThe Iquestion
IdoesInot Idescribe IopenIpneumothorax, Ipleural Ieffusion, Ior
Iempyema.
I Question I5
0.125 Iout IofI0.125Ipoints
What IisIlikelyIto IleadIto Ihyponatremia?
SelectedIAnswer: b. IFrequent Inasogastric ItubeIirrigationIwithIwater
ICorrect IAnswer: b. IFrequent InasogastricItube IirrigationIwithIwater
Response
IFeedback
:
SodiumIisIlost IfromIgastricIsecretionsIwhen InasogastricItubesIare
IirrigatedIwithIwater. ITheIsodiumIdiffusesIintoItheIirrigatingIwaterIand
IisIthen Ilost Iwhen Ithe Iaspirate IisIwithdrawn. IExcessive IADHIwould
IleadIto IhyponatremiaIbyIretention IofIwaterIinItheIbody, IthusIdiluting
ItheIsodium. IExcessIaldosterone IwouldIincreaseIserumIsodium.
Normal Isaline IisIanIisotonicIsolutionIand Iwill Inot IalterItheIserum
Isodium.
I Question I6
0.125 Iout IofI0.125Ipoints
COPDIleadsIto IaIbarrel Ichest, Ibecause Iit Icauses
ISelectedIAnswer: a. IairItrapping.
PATHOI370ITESTI4
Correct IAnswer: a. IairItrapping.
Response
IFeedback
:
DestructionIofIalveolarIwallsIreducesIlungIelastic Irecoil, Iwhich
IallowsIairwayIcollapse IduringIexhalation. IAirIentersIthe Ialveoli
Iduring Iinhalation, Ibut IhasIdifficultyIescapingIduring Iexhalation.
IWhenIairIisItrapped IinItheIalveoli, Iresidual IvolumeIincreases, Icausing
IaIbarrel Ichest. IDestructionIofIalveolarIwallsIdoesInot Icause
Ipulmonary Iedema, ImuscleIatrophy, IorIprolongedIinspiration.
I Question I7
0.125 Iout IofI0.125Ipoints
TheIassessment IfindingsIofIaI5-year-old IwithIaIhistoryIofIasthmaIinclude Iextreme
IshortnessIofIbreath, Inasal Iflaring, Icoughing, IpulsusIparadoxus, Iand IuseIofIaccessory
Irespiratory Imuscles. IThere IisInoIwheezingIandItheIchest IisIsilent IinImanyIareas. IHow
IshouldIyouIinterpret IyourIassessment?
Selected
IAnswer:
Correct
IAnswer
:
Response
IFeedback
:
a. IThe IchildImayIbeIhavingIsuchIa Isevere IasthmaIepisode Ithat Ithe
IairwaysIare Iclosed, Iso Istart Ioxygen Iand Iget ItheIdoctorIimmediately.
a. IThe IchildImayIbeIhavingIsuchIa Isevere IasthmaIepisode Ithat Ithe
IairwaysIare Iclosed, Iso Istart Ioxygen Iand Iget ItheIdoctorIimmediately. [Show Less]