PAR 100 All Quizzes Combined Block 1– Block 5 Adequate perfusion depends on: a. The presence of oxygen in blood b. Adequate production of carbon dioxide
... [Show More] c. Blood pressure and the presence of oxygen in the blood d. Blood pressure 2. The type of blood that may be administered to all people in an emergency, regardless of their blood type is, a. AB positive b. O positive c. O negative d. AB negative 3. Which of the following is a response to histamine release? a. Release of leukotrienes b. Suppression of lysosomal enzymes c. Decrease in vascular wall permeability d. Increase blood flow to the site of injury 4. Which of the following is NOT one of the body’s three chief lines of defense against infection and injury? a. Immune response b. Homeopathic secretions c. Inflammatory response d. Anatomic barriers 5. The excess elimination of hydrogen ions, as many occur in vomiting, can result in: a. Respiratory alkalosis b. Respiratory acidosis c. Metabolic alkalosis d. Metabolic acidosis 6. You are presented with a pt displaying Urticaria, dyspnea, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. This pt is MOST likely suffering from which type of hypersensitivity reaction? a. Type 1 b. Type 2 c. Type 3 d. Type 4 7. The spleen is a part of which organ system a. Digestive b. Lymphatic c. Endocrine d. Cardiovascular 8. Which of the following processes is used when glucose enters a cell? a. Osmosis b. Facilitated diffusion c. Diffusion d. Active Transport 9. The general term for the storing and creating energy in the body is? a. Homeostasis b. Negative Feedback c. Granulation d. Metabolism 10. The process that produces an increase in cell size as a result of increasing workload is? a. Hypertrophy b. Atrophy c. Hyperplasia d. Metaplasia 11. B lymphocytes are primarily responsible for: a. Neutralizing antibodies b. Producing antigens c. Producing antibodies d. Directly attacking antigens 12. A pt was shot in the abdomen and has a resultant massive hemorrhage and hypoperfusion, IV therapy would help treat hypoperfusion by? a. Slowing the rate of hemorrhage b. Increasing the heart rate c. Replacing blood constituents d. Increasing preload 13. Which of the following terms can be defined as the activities of the body that allow the maintenance of physiological stability a. Homeostasis b. Metabolism c. Dysplasia d. Natural stability 14. The amount of blood that returns to the heart during diastole a. Cardiac output b. Preload c. Afterload d. Myocardial capacity 15. Most of the formed elements of the blood are a. Erythrocytes b. Stem cells c. Leukocytes d. Thrombocytes 16. The sagittal plane separates right and left portions of the body True or Flase? a. True b. False 17. The largest percentage of water in body is located in the? a. Interstitial fluid b. Extracellular fluid c. Extrastitial fluid d. Intracellular fluid 18. Blood pressure is represented by a. Preload - afterload b. Cardiac output x peripheral vascular resistance c. Stroke volume x heart rate d. Cardiac contractile force – peripheral vascular resistance 19. Septic shock is precipitated by a. An overwhelming infection b. Exposure to an antigen c. Poisoning d. MODS 20. Solution having a comparatively higher concentration of solutes is said to be a. Osmotic b. Hypotonic c. Hypertonic d. Isotonic 21. Positively charged atom a. Anion b. Cation c. Bicarbinate 22. Tissue that lines the external body surface a. Epithelial b. Smooth c. Cardiac d. Skeletal 23. The term pH is a measure of a. Sodium hydroxide concentration b. Carbonic acid concentration c. Hydrogen ion concentration d. Sodium bicarbonate concentration 24. On average human body is what percent of water a. 60% b. 70% c. 50% d. 80% 25. Which of the following terms describes a substance moving from higher concentration to lower concentration? a. Diffusion b. Osmosis c. Active transport d. Facilitated diffusion 26. Primary constituent of plasma is a. Clotting factors b. Proteins c. Electrolytes d. Water 27. Substance that separate into electrically charged particles in water a. Electrolytes b. Anions c. Elements d. Atomic particals 28. The process in which the size of the cell decreases from decreasing workload is a. Metaplasia b. Atrophy c. Hyperplasia d. Hypertrophy 29. Pulmonary edema is characteristic of what classification of hypoperfusion? a. Neurogenic b. Hypovolemic c. Cardiogenic d. Septic 30. The level of structural organization that consists of groups of tissues working together is an a. Organ systems b. Organelle c. Organism d. Organ 31. T lymphocytes are primarily responsible for a. Directly attacking antigens b. Producing antigens c. Producing antibodies d. Neutralizing antigens 32. The preferred resuscitation fluid for a pt with an ongoing gi bleed is? a. PCRB’s b. Whole blood c. Normal saline d. Plasma 33. The most abundant cation in intracellular fluid is a. Potassium b. Sodium c. Chloride d. Sodium Bicarb 34. Shock can be best described as a. Hypotension b. Decreased cardiac output c. A state inadequate tissue perfusion d. A decrease in myocardial contraction 35. The shift of intravascular fluid to interstitial space is called a. Third space fluid loss b. Diuresis c. Insensible water loss d. Turgor 36. Which of the following ph values indicates acidosis in the body a. 7.4 b. 7.35 c. 7.3 d. 7.45 37. The most abundant cation in extracellular fluid is a. Chloride b. Sodium c. Potassium d. Magnesium 38. A change in cell size shape and appearance caused by an external stressor is? a. Dysplasia b. Metaplasia c. Hyperplasia d. Hypertrophy Quiz 1-9 1. You are caring for an elderly female w/suspected vertebral fx and a known hx of spontaneous fx secondary to osteoporosis, She freq takes a hydrocodone containing preparation (vicoprofen) for pain. W/ her current injury you find it necessary to administer a greater than expected dosage of morphine. To what is this need for a higher dosage due a. Synergism b. Cross tolerance c. Psych dependency d. Potentiation 2. Which of the following is not typically assoc w/type I diabetes a. Insulin dependency b. Obesity c. Juvenile onest d. Inadequate insulin release from the beta cells of pancreatic islets 3. In a patient experiencing an MI admin a med that reduces Afterload is beneficial because a. Prolong the q-t interval, thereby allowing time for complete atrial contribution to the ventricle b. Improves the stroke volume of blood ejected from the heart by also reducing preload c. Reduces the blood flow to unnecessary areas, redirecting blood to the heart d. Reduces the workload of the heart redirecting myocardial oxygen consumption 4. Tricyclic antidepressants achieve the therapeutic effect by a. Prolonging the duration of norepinephrine and serotonin at the receptor sites b. Blocking the release of norepinephrine and serotonin at the synapse c. Blocking the release of acetylcholine at the synapse d. Enhancing degradation of norepinephrine and serotonin at the synapse 5. The chief physiological effect of nerve gases such as VX and sarin are to a. Produce an adrenergic blockade throughout the body b. Competitively block the muscarininc receptor sites at the target organs c. Competitively block the nicotinic receptor sites at the neuromuscular junction d. Irreversibly block the enzyme cholinesterase 6. Which of the following statements about antibiotics is NOT true? a. Viruses are not susceptible to antibiotics b. An individual who has developed a resistance to one type of antibiotics will typically respond well to other antibiotics in a similar class c. Because antibiotics are generally so safe, they are prescribed indiscriminately, even for unknown viral infections. d. Antibiotics typically achieve their therapeutic action by destroying the bacterial cell wall 7. You are caring for a young mother that jnust gave birth to her first child. Despite taking appropriate measures, she continues to exhibit postpartum hemorrhage. In addition to crystalloid intravenous infusions what medication might you consider to manage this patient? a. Oxytocin (pitocin) b. Terb c. Dopamine d. Epi solution 8. Which of the following statements about warfarin (coumadin) is NOT true? a. It was originally used as rat poison b. It prevents coagulation by antagonizing the effects of vitamin K c. It actively breaks down the fibrin network, thereby dissolving formed thrombi d. It helps treat chronic atrial fibrillation 9. What term best describes the effects a drug has on its target organs a. bioavalability b. pharmacokinetics c. pharmacodynamics d. biotransformation 10. The paramedics chief concern with patients taking Viagra is a. acute renal failure b. cardiac dysthrhymias c. agitation and combative behavior d. hypotension 11. An important distinction between analgesics and anesthesia is a. analgesics are reversible, whereas anesthesia are not b. anesthesia can only be administered intravenously c. anesthesia block all sensations d. analgesics produce unconsciousness in high doses 12. All laxatives are similar in that they a. Increase peristalsis via direct stimulation b. Reduce the molecular bonds of colon contents c. Reduce surface surfactant, thereby improving passage d. Increase the water content in the colon e. Decrease surface surfactant, thereby improving passage f. Increase bulk in the intestine 13. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation that results in vasoconstriction and some bronchoconstriction is most likely affecting a. beta2 receptor sites b. beta1 receptor sites c. alpha2 receptor sites d. alpha1 receptor sites 14. According to Frank Starling’s law, the administration of nitrogen will result in a. increased preload, increased stroke volume, and decreased myocardial oxygen demand b. decreased preload, increased stroke volume, and decreased myocardial oxygen demand c. decreased preload, decreased stroke volume, and increased myocardial oxygen demand d. decreased preload, decreased stroke volume, and decreased myocardial oxygen demand 15. An important physiological distinction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system is a. the sympathetic ganglia are close to the spinal cord b. only the sympathetic division innervates the target organs or tissue directly c. the sympathetic division does not use acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter d. The parasympathetic nervous system contains no ganglionic fibers. 16. A drug with a wax like base that melts at body temperature allowing absorption into body t [Show Less]