OT 510 Final Exam
2023
preparatory activities - ANS-help the client get ready for the purposeful activity
ex. Moving the limbs through range, exercise,
... [Show More] strengthening, or stretching
contrived activities - ANS-made up activities, that may include some of the same skills
required for occupation. Help to stimulate the actual activity and get the client ready.
Ex. client may be working on tying shoes by using a doll to stimulate the activity before
actually tying shoes on their own
Occupation based activities - ANS-performed in a natural setting, for example preparing
lunch at home at noon using ones own kitchen supplies
OT vs. OTA - ANS-The occupational therapist has more extensive education and
training in theory, evaluation and research than the OTA, who works under the
supervision of OT. Often the occupational therapist is referred to as performing at the
"professional" level of practice, whereas the OTA performs at the "technical" level. OT's
graduate with a masters degree; OTA must successfully complete a 2-year associates
degree level
Moral treatment act - ANS-was grounded in the philosophy that all people, even the
most challenged, are entitled to consideration and human compassion. Sought ways to
make the existence of those confined more bearable. One of the ways identified was
involvement in purposeful activity. Participants in the moral treatment followed a
structured daily routine and engaged in simple work tasks that promoted better health.
Organizing activities for the patients brought order and purpose to unstructured
confinement.
Arts and Crafts movement - ANS-Proponents of the arts and crafts movement in both
England and America were opposed to the production of items by machine, believing
that this alienated people from nature and their own creativity. They sought to restore
the ties between beautiful work and the worked by returning to high standards of
designs and craftsmanship not found in mass produced items. They believed that using
ones hands to make items connected people to their work, physically and mentally, and
thus was healthier. Had a long lasting effect on communities.
Herbert Hall - ANS-adapted the arts and crafts movements for medical purposes.
Worked with invalid patients, providing medical supervision of crafts for the purpose of
improving their health and financial independence.
George Barton - ANS-One of the leaders arts and crafts movement, studied
rehabilitation courses available at that time and made contact with people dedicated to
reforming conditions in asylums.
William Rush Dunton - ANS-considered the father of occupational therapy, was a
psychiatrist who spent his career treat psychiatric patients. Dunton was known for his
writings on the value of occupation for treatment. Described simple activities that then
use can use of adapt in the treatment of patients
Eleanor Clarke Slagle - ANS-referred to as the mother of occupational therapy.
Developed habit training, a re education program designed to overcome disorganized
habits, to modify other habits, and to construct new ones, with the goal of restoring and
maintaining health. Organized the first professional school for OT practitioners. Her
home was the first unofficial headquarters for the NSPOT which later became AOTA.
What are the similarities and differences between occupation, activity, and tasks - ANSOccupations: refers to the ordinary and familiar things that people do everyday.
activities that are meaningful to individuals and add to their daily lives.
Activity: a general class of human actions that are goal directed. Goal directed behavior
implies that the person is focused on the goal of the activity rather than the processes
involved in the achieving the goal. An activity from an occupation as something an
individual may participate in to achieve a goal but activity may not have importance or
meaning in persons life
Tasks: considered the basic units of behavior and are the simplest forms of an action,
OT practitioners engage clients in occupations as a way to improve skills, abilities, and
performance so clients can participate in life
The profession views occupation as both a means and an end - ANS-OT practitioners
use occupation, and activity as a means to help a client learn a new skill, restore a
deficient ability, maintain health, or prevent dysfunction. Occupation as a means is the
use of a specific occupation to bring about a change in the clients performance. When
occupation is used as a means it may be equivalent to activity. Occupation as an end is
the desired outcome or product of intervention, and is derived from the persons values,
experiences, and culture
Core concepts of OT practice - ANS-altruism: the unselfish concern for the welfare of
others, demonstrate this commitment with caring, dedication, responsiveness, and
understanding
Equality: refers to the treatment of all individuals equally with an attitude of fairness, and
impartiality and respecting each individuals beliefs, values, and lifestyles
Freedom: an individuals right to exercise choice and to demonstrate independence,
initiative, and self determination, demonstrated through nurturing
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