OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
four essential elements to recognizing hazards and reducing and/or eliminating the workplace
... [Show More] hazards:
-Management Commitment and Employee Involvement
-Worksite Analysis
-Hazard Prevention and Control
-Safety and Health Training
PSM
Process Safety Management
The primary goal of the Process Safety Management of highly hazardous chemicals is:
to prevent unwanted releases of hazardous chemicals.
MPH
Major Process Hazards
There are _____ Basic Elements of Process Safety Management.
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Employee Involvement in Process Safety Management
Employees must be trained and informed so they know how to prevent exposure to, or protect themselves from, the hazards of chemicals.
Process Safety Information
The employer must compile complete and accurate written information concerning process chemicals, process technology, and process equipment. This is essential to an effective process safety management program and to process hazard analysis (PHA).
PHA
Process Hazard Analysis
Process Hazard Analysis (PHA)
This is an evaluation of the potential hazards of a process or job and is one of the most important elements of a successful process safety management program. A designated team works together to perform a PHA.
Operating Procedures and Practices
Operating procedures tell you how to safely perform a job. It tells the data to be recorded, operating conditions to be maintained, samples to be collected and evaluated, and the safety and health precautions that must be taken all the time.
Employee Training
All employees, including maintenance and contractor employees who could be impacted by the hazards of chemicals must be trained so that they know the hazards and how to protect themselves, their fellow employees and the citizens of nearby communities.
Contractors
Employees must be hired who can accomplish their job tasks without compromising the safety and health of that employee or others.
Pre-Startup Safety
All important elements such as start-up, shut-down and operating procedures, including emergency procedures must be in place and the operating staff trained before a startup. The development of P&IDs (Piping & Instrument Diagrams) must be available prior to startup for training assistance.
Mechanical Integrity
An employer must operate and maintain the process in a safe manner and process equipment as designed in order to ensure safety. Equipment needs to be replaced when it is worn out.
Work Permits
It is also important that non-routine work be well communicated, not only to those who will do the work, but to any persons that could be affected by the work. WORK PERMITS give authorization to workers to do special tasks only after many things are in place that can ensure the safety of that work.
Non-routine work...
canNOT be done without a signed, written permit that has all the special precautions addressed within it.
Examples of some of the different types of work permits or procedures you may need for your job are
Line Breaking Procedures
Lockout/Tagout Procedures
Cold Work Permits
Hot Work Permits
Confined Space Entry Permits
Managing Change
Investigation of Incidents
Emergency Preparedness
Compliance Audits
Trade Secrets
Line Breaking Procedures
These procedures will identify what steps must have occurred before the line is opened that will assure that the line does not have pressure on it and that the contents in the line cannot start to come out while the work is being done.
Lockout/Tagout Procedures
This refers to the basic steps of a typical Lockout/Tagout procedure as discussed earlier in this study guide.
Cold Work Permits
This type of permit is used for work which typically does not create any serious safety concerns associated with the job: it will NOT produce heat or a spark and the work is to be done in normal work areas.
Hot Work Permits
This permit is used when the work that will be done or the tools and equipment used to do the work could produce enough HEAT or a SPARK to IGNITE the materials around it. This permit requires the results of the gas test that proves that this work can be safely done as well as what fire extinguishing equipment must be on hand during the work. Some other requirements are time and date the work can be done, description of the object to be worked on, and what emergency equipment should be on hand.
Confined Space Entry Permits
This permit has special requirements that must be in place before anyone can enter a confined space. This includes air quality testing and emergency rescue needs.
Managing Change
The management of change covers such areas as changes in process technology, changes in instrumentation, or changes in the equipment itself. Not properly managing change has been a primary cause of many accidents. Special attention must always be made to be sure that pump types and sizes, and other equipment that is being replaced are identical to what is being removed. [Show Less]