NUSC 1165 Exam 4 Versions Latest
2024 With Verified Questions And
Answers (GRADED A+)
Version 1
Protein digestion - ANSWER-Protein is broken down
... [Show More] by pepsin (trypsin,
chymotrypsin) into amino acids
Triglyceride digestion - ANSWER-Triglycerides are broken down by lipase
to fatty acids and glycerol
Absorption - ANSWER-The process of taking substances directly into the
body
Gastrointestinal tract - ANSWER-Site of digestion and absorption
Direct contact with nutrients
Accessory Organs - ANSWER-Produce substances that assist in digestion
Do not come into direct contact with nutrients from food
Small intestine - ANSWER-Main site for digestion and absorption
Hydrochlroic acid - ANSWER-Acidifies food contents
Destroys harmful bacteria
Pepsin activates hydrochloric acid
Villi - ANSWER-Fingerlike projections
Participate in digestion and absorption of nutrients
Microvilli - ANSWER-Covers the villi
Increases the surface area of the small intestine
Contains digestive enzymes
Lacteals - ANSWER-Small lymph vessel in the small intestine
Vessels that handle the transport of lipid digestion products
Capillaries - ANSWER-Vessel located in the villi
Transports amino acids, sugars, and water-soluble nutrients
Pancreas - ANSWER-Produces bicarbonate ions to neutralize acids
Gallbladder - ANSWER-Stores bile
Simple diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of molecules into the small
intestinal cell from a high concentration gradient to a low concentration
gradient
Does not require a carrier protein and energy in order to proceed
Osmosis - ANSWER-Movement of water from a low concentration of
nutrients to a high concentration of nutrients inside of the intestinal cell
Does not require energy and a protein carrier
Active transport - ANSWER-Movement of molecules from a low to high
concentration inside of the cell
Requires a protein carrier
Requires energy
Facilitated diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of molecules from a high to low
concentration inside of the intestinal cell
Requires a protein carrier
Does not require energy
Large intestine - ANSWER-5 feet long
Comprised of the colon and the rectum
Does not participate directly in digestion
Involved in absorbing water, vitamins, and minerals
Long transit time (up to 24 hours) which allows for further bacterial
growth
Compacts unabsorbed substances into feces
Intestinal microbiota - ANSWER-Needed for optimal gastrointestinal tract
function and maintaining immune function and overall health
Protection - ANSWER-Maintenance of the intestinal mucosa layer and
serves as a barrier
Modulates inflammation in the digestive tract
Prevents growth of disease-causing bactera
Immune-system maturation - ANSWER-Allows for the immune system to
tolerate harmless bacteria and respond to harmful bacteria
Metabolism - ANSWER-Regulating energy intake, expenditure, and storage
Regulates glucose homeostasis
Probiotics - ANSWER-Products containing live bacteria
Common sources: yogurt and tablets
Residing temporarily in the colon
Health benefits [Show Less]