01: Nursing Today
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques
and the effects on health?
1. Florence
... [Show More] Nightingale
2. Mary Nutting
3. Clara Barton
4. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical
analyses connected poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary
Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after Nightingale, each
contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton
founded the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street
Settlement.
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain
expected outcome. Which standard of nursing practice is the nurse
following?
1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implementation
ANS: C
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies
and alternatives to attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the
registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient’s
health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the
assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During
implementation, the registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified
plan.
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in
obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nurse upon initial
transition to the obstetrical floor?
1. Novice
2. Proficient
3. Competent
4. Advanced beginner
ANS: A
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there
is no previous level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse
chooses to now practice in home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A
proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able to
assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from
multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands
the organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g.,
surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent
practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range
goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an
advanced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but
the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the
patient needs to drink more fluids. The nurse then encourages the
patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
demonstrating?
1. Licensure
2. Autonomy
3. Certification
4. Accountability
ANS: B
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the
initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders. To
obtain licensure in the United States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEXRN®. Beyond the NCLEX-RN®, the nurse may choose to work toward
certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that
you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of
nursing care provided.
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care
unit. Which role is the nurse implementing? [Show Less]