Nursing Informatics Unit 1 Exam 54 Questions with Verified Answers
Nursing informatics - CORRECT ANSWER a combination of nursing science, information
... [Show More] science, and computer science and we add cognitive science
-nursing science as a building block of nursing informatics
What is the focus of nursing? - CORRECT ANSWER is on human responses to actual or potential health problems, and advocacy for various clients
What skills should nurses possess? - CORRECT ANSWER -the technology skills to manage equipment and perform procedures
-interpersonal skills to interact appropriately with people
-cognitive skills to observe, recognize, and collect data; analyze and interpret data; and reach a reasonable conclusion that forms the basis of a decision
Nursing is a/ an ________ _________ profession - CORRECT ANSWER information intensive
Steps of the nursing practice science - CORRECT ANSWER -utilizing information
-applying knowledge to a problem
-acting with wisdom
How do we acquire knowledge? - CORRECT ANSWER -acquire data and info in bits and pieces and then transform the information into knowledge
knowledge workers - CORRECT ANSWER working with information and generating information and knowledge as a product
knowledge acquirers - CORRECT ANSWER providing convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing knowledge
knowledge users - CORRECT ANSWER benefiting from valuable, viable knowledge
data - CORRECT ANSWER discrete entities that are described objectively without interpretation
-Ex: blood pressure
information - CORRECT ANSWER data that is interpreted, organized, or structured
-EX: blood pressure on a line graph
knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER information that is synthesized to identify and formalize relationships
-Ex: do we need to perform an intervention for the BP
wisdom - CORRECT ANSWER application of knowledge to the management and solution of human problems
-EX: perform intervention and continue to monitor BP
Use of Wisdom - CORRECT ANSWER -wisdom is application of knowledge to an appropriate situation
-in the practice of nursing science, we expect action and or actions directed by wisdom
-wisdom is developed through knowledge, experience, insight, and reflection
Nursing contributions to healthcare informatics - CORRECT ANSWER -nursing has been involved in the purchase, design, and implementation of information systems since the 70s
-nursing informatics have been instrumental in developing, critiquing and promoting standard nursing technology to be used in health information systems
Nursing informatics practice standards - CORRECT ANSWER -provides a nursing perspective
-showcases nursing values and beliefs
-provides a foundation for nurses in NI
-produces unique knowledge
-distinguishes groups of practitioners
-emphasizes the interest for nursing
-provides needed nursing language and word context
Informatics Nurse - CORRECT ANSWER an RN with experience but no formal education in the area
Informatics nurse specialist - CORRECT ANSWER an RN with advanced graduate education in the IT area. May have ANCC certification
Informatics nurse specialist roles - CORRECT ANSWER -cover more than one functional area
-informatics solutions are more closely integrated with the delivery of care
-as nursing, information, computer, and cognitive sciences continue to evolve, so will NI functions
Need for NIs - CORRECT ANSWER -NI has become an essential nursing specialty with the introduction of computers and the Electronic Health Records (EHR) to health care
-clinicians are learning to use new technologies and incorporate them into their already-busy days
-assisting nurses to incorporate new technology into their daily workflow is a challenge of the INS
-even though INSs appear to work behind the scenes, INSs impact the health and clinical outcomes of patients
NI roles - CORRECT ANSWER -project manager, consultant, educator, researcher, product developer, decision support or outcomes manager
-advocate or police developer
-clinical analyst or system specialist
-entrepreneur
Education of an informatics nurse - CORRECT ANSWER has a BSN and additional knowledge and expertise in the informatics field
Education level of the informatics nurse specialist - CORRECT ANSWER -holds an advanced degree or a post-master's certificate and is prepared to assume roles requiring this advanced knowledge
How does a nurse who specializes in NI obtain certification? - CORRECT ANSWER -certification through the ANCC exam. The applicant must be a licensed RN with at least 2 years of recent experience, have a BS or a BSN, and have completed 30 contact hours of continuing education in informatics
Applications of nursing informatics - CORRECT ANSWER -nursing practice
-nursing administration
-nursing education
-nursing research
The future of nursing informatics - CORRECT ANSWER new roles with consumers
-new technology= genomics, robotics, wearable monitoring devices, developments in education technology
What is a nursing professional's ethical duty? - CORRECT ANSWER -to ensure patient safety
shortcuts in patient safety - CORRECT ANSWER -professionals facing increasing demands may cut corners or develop workarounds from expected practice protocols
-these deviations are often practiced to save time or because the organizational culture allows risky behaviors
-occasionally inappropriate actions or omissions of appropriate actions result in harm or risk of harm to patients
IT push for patient safety - CORRECT ANSWER -IT is at the forefront of patient safety initiatives by the way barcode scanning, computerized medication cabinets, CPOE, EMR, rapid response teams, EBP for life-threatening emergent conditions, infection prevention, easy access protocols, medication reconciliation, e-prescribing
-1.3 million medication errors resulting in harm annually
How do informatics technologies improve patient safety? - CORRECT ANSWER -improve communication
-reduce errors and adverse events (engineering checks for meds)
-increase the rapidity of response to adverse events
-make knowledge more accessible to clinicians
-assist with decisions (tech based forcing functions that direct or restrict actions or orders implemented by computers)
-provide feedback on performance
Most frequent safety issues - CORRECT ANSWER -wrong-site surgery
-hospital acquired infections ( 1 in 5 leave with infection they don't come with)
-falls
-hospital readmissions
-diagnostic error (telling people they have cancer and they don't)
-medication errors (wrong meds or dosage)
-many of these issues can be prevented or early detected using informatics technologies (right documentation)
healthcare information system (and hospital information system) - CORRECT ANSWER -a group of systems used to support and enhance health care
-administrative systems
-clinical information systems (CISs)
technologies to support the medication administration cycle - CORRECT ANSWER -medication errors are the most frequent and the most visible errors because the medication administration cycle has many poorly designed work processes with several opportunities for human error
Clinical information system: Pharmacy information systems - CORRECT ANSWER -provide checks in order and administration process using evidence-based guidelines
-reduce errors when used with BAR CODE TECHNOLOGY
-use lab results, allergy, and interaction information from clinical systems
-track medication use, costs, billing information
Technology integration into cycle - CORRECT ANSWER -Reduces the potential for human errors by: performing electronic checks, providing alerts to draw attention to potential errors
-Tracks performance
Bar-code medication administration (BCMA) - CORRECT ANSWER -provides a system of checks to ensure medication safety
-nurse scans name badge, thus logging in as the person responsible for medication administration
-patient's bar-code on ID bracelet is scanned, prompting the electronic system to pull up medication orders.
-bar-code on each medication to be administered is scanned
E-prescribing benefits - CORRECT ANSWER -provides a longitudinal prescription record
-checks formulary compliance (pricing/ insurance) and reimbursement
-alerts about interactions (allergies/ other meds)
-reminders to order home meds for discharged patient
-eliminates phone authorization for refills
Smart Pump Technology (IV) - CORRECT ANSWER -designed for safe administration of high-hazard drugs and to reduce adverse drug events during IV administration
-software is programmed and includes a drug library that compares normal dosing rates with those programmed into the pump
-discrepancies generate an alarm alerting the clinician to a safety issue
Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) benefits - CORRECT ANSWER -gives prompts to warn against the possibility of drug interaction, allergy, or overdose
-accurate, current information that helps physicians keep up with new drugs
-drug-specific information that eliminates confusion among drug names that sound alike
-improved communication between physicians and pharmacists
-reduced healthcare costs due to improved efficiencies
-this happens before being filled by nurse or going to pharmacy
clinical decision support (CDS) - CORRECT ANSWER -helps a clinician select an appropriate medication
-ensures order is complete (checks for drug interactions, duplications, etc.)
-double-checks for interactions, allergies, and appropriate dose orders during verification and dispensing
-assists with infusion pump programing issues such as incompatibilities during infusion and proper notation and dispensing when portions of a dose must be wasted
-assists with patient identification and current assessment parameters that may contraindicate the medication at that time
-checks for interactions with foods or other medications
-provides patient education guidelines and printable handouts
-enables a data reporting system to track side effects and adverse events across the population
Clinical Information systems: laboratory information systems - CORRECT ANSWER -lowers turn-around time, lowers duplicate testing, lowers errors with patient ID
-alert providers when new or stat tests results are back or values are critical
-send results to clinical system for view
-accept input from bedside devices
-generate labels for specimen collection
-use rules to order additional tests when indicated
Clinical Information system: radiology - CORRECT ANSWER -allows direct order entry or accepts orders from other systems
-provides scheduling of diagnostic tests
-generates client instructions
-permits transcription of results
-provides picture archiving and transmission images and tracking of film
-generates charges once procedures done
clinical information system: monitoring - CORRECT ANSWER -comprised of devices that monitor VS
-automatically input into a clinical information system
-alarms notify caregivers of readings that are outside the range of "normal"
Nursing Information system (NIS) - CORRECT ANSWER supports the use and documentation of nursing activities
-provides tools for managing the delivery of nursing care
-two goals: nursing function; nursing practice (access to online databases)
Nursing Information system advantages - CORRECT ANSWER -improved access to info
-better documentation
-improved quality of care
-improved productivity and communications
-tracking capability
-enhanced regulatory compliance
NIS: Standardized Nursing Languages - CORRECT ANSWER -provide a common language for all nurses in all locations
-important to the development of the electronic health record
-measure nursing's contributions
-contribute to the body of nursing knowledge
HIPAA - CORRECT ANSWER Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
purpose of HIPAA - CORRECT ANSWER -curtail healthcare fraud and abuse, enforce standards for health information, guarantee the security and privacy of health information, and assure health insurance portability for employed persons
consequences of HIPAA - CORRECT ANSWER -fines for institutions and individuals who violate the act. Nurses can also be brought up by the state board of nursing for violations in addition to fines
Information and Integrity - CORRECT ANSWER -quality and accuracy of networked information
-organizations need clear policies to: clarify how data are input; define who has the authorization to change such data; track how and when data are changed and by whom
authentication of users - CORRECT ANSWER -process of determining whether someone is who he or she professes to be
-password: policies typically include the enforcement of changing password every 30 to 60 days
-biometrics: biometric devices include recognizing thumbprints, retina patterns, or facial patterns
-ID badge
-some organizations may use combo of all 3
Password - CORRECT ANSWER -collection of alphanumeric characters that the user types into the computer
-required after the entry of an access code or username
-assigned after successful system training
-inexpensive but not the most effective means of authentication
Password Selection and Handling - CORRECT ANSWER -choose passwords that are at least 8 characters long
-avoid obvious password or personal characteristics
-never share passwords
-change password frequently
-DO NOT...
-post or write down password
-leave computers or applications running when not in use
-re-use the same password for different systems
-use the "browser save" feature
Proper handling and disposal of information - CORRECT ANSWER -acceptable uses= types of activities that are acceptable and not acceptable on the corporate computer network
-access levels (ex: patient care tech doesn't need access to the patient's admin. data such as insurance
-important to estab. controls/ policies related to downloading files or carrying info off the premises
-encrypt emails prior to sending sensitive info so that if intercepted by unintended recipient, won't be able to read [Show Less]