Nursing informatics foundations Exam 25 Questions with Verified Answers
Health informatics - CORRECT ANSWER application of computer and information
... [Show More] science for managing health related data
- driven by the health information technology for economic and clinical health act (HITECH)
health informatics goals - CORRECT ANSWER enhance the quality and efficiency of care provided
benefits of EHR - CORRECT ANSWER - improves efficiency, productivity, and continuity of care
- reduces redundancy
- improves accessibility
- serves as a clinical support tool
- reduces errors
- privacy
nursing informatics - CORRECT ANSWER integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice
health care information system (HIS) - CORRECT ANSWER a group of systems used in a health care organization to support and enhance health care
the nurse sits at the unit computer to begin their shift documentation for the clients. the nurse notes the previous user of the computer, the physical therapist, did not log off appropriately. the nurse should
a. report the physical therapist to the unit manager
b. complete the log off for the physical therapist before beginning her documentation
c. proceed with her documentation because it will be in a different screen
d. call the physical therapist and have her come back and log off - CORRECT ANSWER b. complete the log off for the physical therapist before beginning her documentation
2 designs of NISs - CORRECT ANSWER - nursing process design
- protocol or critical pathway design
clinical decision support system (CDSSs) - CORRECT ANSWER used to support decision making
advantages of NISs - CORRECT ANSWER - increased time spent with patients
- better access to information
- enhanced quality of documentation
- reduces errors and hospital costs
nursing information systems - CORRECT ANSWER - privacy, confidentiality, and security mechanisms
- handling and disposal of information
clinical information systems - CORRECT ANSWER - hospital information system that consists of 2 major types of information systems (CIS and administrative information systems)
CIS - CORRECT ANSWER monitoring systems, order entry, and laboratory, radiology and pharmacy systems
computerized provider order entry (CPOE) - CORRECT ANSWER - improves accuracy
- speeds implementation
- improves productivity
- saves money
In informatics, raw, unprocessed numbers, symbols, or words that have no meaning by themselves are called which of the following?
1. Information
2. Data
3. Knowledge
4. Wisdom - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Data
The nurse is mentoring a new nursing employee in an acute care facility. The new employee needs to access a patient's electronic health record (EHR) to retrieve laboratory results, but has not yet received a computer password. What action should the preceptor take?
1. Give the new employee the password to use until she obtains her own password.
2. Log on and allow her access to the record.
3. Notify your supervisor that the new employee needs a password.
4. Inform her that she will not receive a password until her orientation is complete. - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Notify your supervisor that the new employee needs a password.
The nurse receives an electronic order for a new medication, then collects and administers it. Which technology device will be used during this process to prevent error?
1. Glucometer
2. Infusion smart pump
3. Bar code medication scanning
4. Automatic blood pressure cuff - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Bar code medication scanning
The nurse walks past a computer workstation in the hallway that is logged in to an active client record showing on the screen. Knowing that patient privacy is a priority, what should the nurse do to best protect the client information showing on the screen?
1. Log out of the system and close the client record.
2. Review the client's record for documentation errors.
3. Turn the computer toward the wall so the screen is not visible.
4. Roll the computer into the appropriate client's room. - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Log out of the system and close the client record.
Madeline is a senior nursing student taking a course in nursing informatics. She hasn't heard of this subject before and is eager to begin the class.Madeline's first assignment in the course is to write a paper about the factors that make up informatics. What should be included for discussion? Select all that apply.
1. knowledge
2. data
3. wisdom
4. information
5. processing - CORRECT ANSWER 1,2,3,4
When it comes to nursing informatics, data mean the raw numbers, collected but unprocessed and thus meaningless without context. Information describes several pieces of processed data that together paint a picture. For example, a blood pressure reading of 100/54 is data. When added to a respiratory rate of 26, temperature of 101.0°F, and pulse of 122 beats per minute, it takes on more meaning and becomes information. The wise nurse uses her knowledge of vital signs and collects additional data, determines a likely infection, and informs the healthcare provider.
Madeline is comfortable with computers, e-mailing, texting, web conferencing, and social networking. In the course she learns about telehealth, which fascinates her. She thinks about her grandfather, a war veteran with medical conditions that are not closely monitored because of his rural environment and the 2-hour drive to his physician's office in the city. How might telehealth help Madeline's grandfather? Select all that apply.
1. by providing recording and monitoring of vital signs using equipment in the home
2. by providing transportation to and from the office in the city
3. by allowing the clinic's doctors to perform remote physical assessments
4. by maintaining regular visits with the healthcare provider via computer and telephone from home
5. by allowing the healthcare provider to visit the home - CORRECT ANSWER 1,3,4
Telehealth allows information to be shared between the client and healthcare provider via special monitoring equipment, computers, and phone communication. Many clients can visit a rural clinic where a technician will help the physician perform a virtual physical assessment. This provides healthcare to thousands of people who previously could not access services.
Madeline is preparing for her first exam. She meets with her study group and they have a discussion about what constitutes evidence-based practice. Which would be the best example?
1. Review of a peer-reviewed journal article on decreasing the incidence of healthcare-acquired infections
2. A junior nurse asking a senior nurse about the central line dressing change procedure
3. A new employee reviewing the hospital procedure on insertion of an intravenous catheter
4. The nurse correcting an unlicensed assistive personnel when he does not change gloves between clients
5. A student seeking clarification from his clinical instructor on how best to ambulate the postoperative client for the first time - CORRECT ANSWER 1
Nursing care should be built on research-based evidence, which is continually changing. It is the nurse's responsibility to be up to date in practice by reading and reviewing the most current evidence from journals, articles, and conferences.
Madeline visits her grandfather over spring break and shares what she is learning in her informatics class. He says, "I don't understand this computer generation! I don't see what good could possibly come from having so many electronics in healthcare; it seems so impersonal." How should Madeline reply? Select all that apply.
1. "Technology is helpful to guide care, but human caring is still important."
2. "Computers have been proved to prevent errors by healthcare workers."
3. "Computers are handy and save the nurses a lot of time."
4. "Think of them as safety features to save lives, like those that cars have."
5. "It's more cost effective to use computers than paper charts." - CORRECT ANSWER 1,2,4
As the complexity of healthcare has grown, the demand for more efficient and effective processes has grown as well. Computer technologies have improved patient safety by providing more checks and balances for human error prevention.
Madeline graduated from her nursing program and is excited to begin her new job at the hospital. One of her orientation days includes an 8-hour training session with the electronic health record (EHR) system.During the training, Madeline learns that sometimes computerization can increase the risk of errors in healthcare. This was not emphasized in her senior informatics course. What are some ways this can happen? Select all that apply.
1. Computerized physician order entry increases the risk of error.
2. Documentation can lack details of the client situation.
3. Employees override the system to save time.
4. Copy-and-paste errors can lead to mistakes.
5. Use of smart technologies confirms correct dosing. - CORRECT ANSWER 2,3,4
Although computers are convenient and often save time, there are some risks involved in electronic documentation systems. Most result from human error, such as not being thorough enough, overriding safety messages, or pasting incorrect information. The nurse should be cautious not to rely on any of these dangerous shortcuts when using the EHR.
During Madeline's training, she learns that there are legal and ethical implications to the use of EHRs. What choices can she make to prevent getting into trouble? Select all that apply.
1. Change her password often
2. View the screens that pertain to the care of her patient, and not those of others
3. Use complex passwords
4. Share information only with immediate family of the client
5. Never allow someone else to chart using her login - CORRECT ANSWER 1,2,3,5
The material documented in an EHR receives the same protection as all healthcare information pertaining to HIPAA regulation. Security breaches can result in fines or prosecution when the client's privacy is violated.
Madeline is becoming more comfortable in her new RN position. She asks her charge nurse about the relationship between infection and central line care. Her charge nurse encourages Madeline to do some evidence-based research on the topic and present it at the next staff meeting. How should Madeline begin the research process? Select all that apply.
1. Ask her peers what they think.
2. Identify the information.
3. Formulate a precise definition of the problem.
4. Conduct a computer search.
5. Look in her nursing school textbooks for information. - CORRECT ANSWER 2, 3, 4
Computers have expedited the process of discovering valid and reliable information. The key is to determine what is valid and reliable and what is not. The nurse knows that information should be evidence based and from a reputable source such as a scholarly journal or websites of organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the American Heart Association.
While performing research at the hospital's library, Madeline asks the librarian for clarification about what makes a journal scholarly. Which definitions are best? Select all that apply.
1. A well-known publisher printed the journal.
2. Scholars, clinical experts, or scientific researchers in the field wrote the articles.
3. At least 10 authors have collaboratively written the articles.
4. The articles have careful footnoting and citation references.
5. The articles are peer-reviewed. - CORRECT ANSWER 2, 4, 5
A scholarly journal is considered the best reference for evidence-based information. The process for publication is validated and information is accurate. Look at the journal submission process to find out whether it follows this peer-reviewed process. [Show Less]