Health
a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
licensure
to be given a license to practice nursing in a state or province
... [Show More] after successfully meeting requirements
nursing practice act
The law that defines and regulates the practice of nursing in the United States.
nursing
profession that focuses on the holistic person receiving healthcare services and provides a unique contribution to the prevention of illness and maintenance of health
science of nursing
the knowledge base for care that is provided
art of nursing
is the skilled application of that knowledge to help people reach maximum quality of life and health.. ie some people can never be healthy due to a terminal illness but a nurse can help them maximize quality of life.
nursing process
Systematic problem-solving method by which nurses individualize care for each client. The five steps of the nursing process are assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
profession
occupation that meets specific criteria including a well defined body of specific and unique knowledge ,a code of standards and ethics, ongoing research and autonomy
reciprocity
system that allows a nurse in one state to obtain a license in another state without retesting.
standards
rules or guidelines that allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where healthcare is given.
Historic background of nursing
Early civilizations believed that illness had supernatural origin.Good spirits brought health , evil spirits brought sickness the medicine man was the physician and the mother was the nurse.
Time passed and the Temples and high priest was the physician -Illness was created by sin. Gods displeasure the word disease literally means disease.
Nurses were slaves to the high priest
Early Christian times nurses had a more formal role deaconesses made the first organized visits to the sick .
Male and female nursing orders were 1st given during the Crusades 11th to 13th century pilgrims needed hospitals and nurses. (Crusades was a religious war ordered by the Pope to push Muslims out of Jerusalem )
16 th century Western societies changed from having a religious orientation to one of welfare, expansion of knowledge and exploration --Women who had committed crimes were recruited to be nurses instead of going to jail So a bad reputation and bad pay for nurses with long hours..
Florence Nightingale
Born in 1820 to a wealthy family, grew up in England, well educated and traveled extensively. Trained as a nurse at 31. The Crimean War gave opportunity for achievement. Challenged prejudices against women, and elevated the status of all nurses. Established training school for nurses, and wrote books on healthcare and nursing education. Elevated the status of nursing to a respected occupation, and improved quality of care. Regarded as founder of modern nursing.
Florence Nightingale contributions
1.Id of patients personal needs and the role of the nurse to meet the needs.
2. Standards for hospital management.
3.Made nursing a respected occupation.
4.established nursing education.
5.Two components of nursing: health and illness.
6.Nursing is separate and distinct from medicine.
7. Nutrition is important to health.
8.Occupational and rec therapy for the sick.
9.Continuing education for nurses.
10.Record keeping charting and nursing research.
Clara Barton
Superintendant of Nurses for the Union Army during the Civil War, founded the American Red Cross is 1881. An "angel" in the Civil War, she treated the wounded in the field.
Liilian Wald
founder of public health nursing
Dorothea Dix
Rights activist on behalf of mentally ill patients - created first wave of US mental asylums --Super for Corp of Army nurses
Isabel Hampton Robb
A leader in nursing and nursing education; organized the nursing school at Johns Hopkins Hospital; initiated policies that included limiting the number of hours in a days work and wrote a textbook to help student learning; the first president of the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada (now American Nurses Association).
Mary Elizabeth Mahoney
Graduated from the New England Hospital for women and children in 1879 as America's First African American Nurse.
Lavina Dock
nursing leader, suffragist; active in protest for womens right (voting)
Margaret Sanger
planned parenthood
Mary Adelaide Nutting
first professor in nursing
aims of nursing
To promote health,
to prevent illness,
to restore health,
to facilitate coping with disability or death.
To promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health, to facilitate coping with disability or death.
nurses use
1.knowledge
2.skills
3.critical thinking
to give care in a traditional and expanding way.
Four essential competencies (nurse use)
Cognitive, Technical, Interpersonal, and ethical/legal skills to provide safe and knowledgeable care.
cognitively skilled nurses
think about the nature of things to make sense of their world and to grasp conceptually what is necessary to achieve goals
using science anatomy,physiology,psychology,sociology biology to help make sense of the patients plan of care
Technically skilled nurses
Use the newest equipment or creatively adapt thinks to work.
Interpersonal skilled
you can not teach this how a nurse can relate to other people in a caring way. to get people to trust you.
Ethically and morally skilled
conduct themselves morally, be accountable to themselves and their patients act as patients advocate. Be trusted. Right from wrong
Role of nursing in 1800s
having charge of somebody's health based on the knowledge of how to put the body in such a state to be free of disease or to recover from disease
nursing roles in all settings( 2011-2012)
1. caregiver (encompasses all roles)
2. communicator, teacher/educator
3. counselor
4. Leader
5. Researcher
6. Advocate
7.collaborator
aims of nursing
promote health,
prevent illness,
restore health,
provide coping mechanisms and maximize strengths and weaknesses of patient
deal with death
healthy people 2010 leading health indicators
Physical activity.
Overweight and obesity.
Tobacco use.
Substance abuse.
Responsible sexual behavior
Mental health.
Injury and violence.
Environmental equality.
Immunization.
Access to health care.
Nursing profession
1. well defined body of unique knowledge
2. strong service orientation
3.recognized authority by a professional group( ANA)
4.code of ethics
5.professional organization that sets standards
6.Ongoing research
7.autonomy .
nursing interventions
are focused on evidence based practice, which is practice based on research and NOT INSTITUTION ..The evidence gained from the past research is being used in the present and future....
LPN
provides direct client care under the direction of a registered nurse physician or other licensed practitioner in meeting healthcare needs in hospitals,home health agencies,nursing homes.NCLEX PN exam
RN
3 types of educational programs 1.associates degree,2. Diploma , 3. Baccalaureate programs all graduates must sit for the Nclex RN exam at the State level.
MSN
Masters degree prepares advanced practice nurses as nurse educator, nurse administrator, or specialty areas ex. midwives FNP family nurse practitioners [Show Less]