NURSING 660 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
NURSING 660 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A child is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse
... [Show More] anticipates an order for the drug of choice when treating children, which is what?
A) Liothyronine (Cytomel)
B) Liotrix (Thyrolar)
C) Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
D) Methimazole (Tapazole)
A patient is at risk for thrombosis formation and is taking an oral anticoagulant. The patient has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and placed on levothyroxine (Synthroid). What will the nurse monitor the patient for?
A) Tachycardia
B) Elevated body temperature
C) Increased time spent sleeping D) Increased bruising and bleeding
The nurse is providing patient teaching regarding the administration of levothyroxine (Synthroid). What is the nurse's priority teaching point?
A) "Take the medication after breakfast."
B) "Take the medication with a full glass of water."
C) "Remain in the upright position for 30 minutes after administering."
D) "Take the medication before going to bed at night."
The nurse instructs the patient with a new prescription to treat hyperthyroidism and includes the importance of regular lab studies to monitor for bone marrow suppression, which can be an adverse effect of this drug. What drug is the nurse teaching the patient about?
A) Methimazole (Tapazole)
B) Propylthiouracil (PTU)
C) Sodium iodide I131 (Generic)
D) Potassium iodide (Thyro-Block)
What assessment findings would the nurse expect to see in a patient who overdosed on levothyroxine (Synthroid)?
A) Nervousness, tachycardia, tremors
B) Somnolence, bradycardia, paresthesia
C) Hyperglycemia, hypertension, edema
D) Buffalo hump, constipation, sodium loss
After administering propylthiouracil (PTU), what effect would the nurse anticipate the drug will have in the patient's body?
A) To destroy part of the thyroid gland
B) To inhibit production of thyroid hormone in the thyroid gland
C) To suppress the anterior pituitary gland's secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
D) To suppress the hypothalamus's production of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
The nurse provides teaching regarding levothyroxine to a 55-year-old patient diagnosed with Hashimoto's disease. What statement made by the patient does the nurse interpret to mean that the drug teaching had been understood?
A) "I can take this medication at any time of day."
B) "I should take this medication on an empty stomach in the morning."
C) "I may take this with a sip of water in the morning."
D) "If I feel nauseated, I may take this drug with an antacid."
The patient with hypothyroidism takes levothyroxine daily and has triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels drawn in the laboratory to check appropriateness of prescribed dosage. What results would the nurse analyze as indicating the need for a higher dosage of medication?
A) Elevated TSH, elevated T3, and reduced T4 levels
B) Reduced TSH, elevated T3 and T4 levels C) Elevated TSH, reduced T3 and T4 levels
D) Reduced TSH, T3, and T4 levels
A patient presents at the clinic with complaints of weight loss despite an increased appetite. The nurse assesses this patient for what?
A) Chronic thyroiditis
B) Hypercalcemia
C) Hypothyroidism D) Hyperthyroidism
What patient will the nurse assess most closely for secondary hyperparathyroidism?
A) The 12-year-old patient with hypothyroidism
B) The 68-year-old patient with chronic renal failure
C) The 35-year-old patient with diabetes mellitus
D) The 48-year-old patient with hyperthyroidism
What drug would the nurse appropriately administer to the patient to treat hypothyroidism?
A) Teriparatide
B) Methimazole
C) Propylthiouracil D) Levothyroxine
The patient is 8 weeks pregnant and requires an antithyroid medication. The nurse identifies what drug as the drug of choice for this patient?
A) Propylthiouracil
B) Radioactive iodine
C) Alendronate
D) Methimazole
The nurse is discharging a patient with a new prescription for levothyroxine. What would the nurse teach the patient to report to her health care provider? (Select all that apply.)
A) Nervousness B) Insomnia
C) Chest pain
D) Loss of hair
E) Nausea
The nurse is teaching the patient how to take his newly prescribed alendronate and includes what teaching points? (Select all that apply.)
A) "Take the drug in the morning."
B) "Wait 60 minutes before eating breakfast." C) "Take the drug with a full glass of water."
D) "Remain upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication."
E) "Eat a breakfast high in calcium after taking the medication."
The nurse is discussing the endocrine system with a class of nursing students. What substance would the nurse label as a hormone?
A) Acetylcholine B) Norepinephrine
C) Nucleic acid
D) Serotonin
What factors contribute to determining the drug of choice for a patient with epilepsy? (Select all that apply.)
A) Age
B) Type of epilepsy
C) Patient characteristics
D) Preferred adverse effect
E) Gender
The nurse anticipates a reduced dosage due to cultural differences when caring for patients from what cultural groups? (Select all that apply.)
A) Arab Americans B) Asian Americans
C) African Americans
D) White American
E) Native American
1. A child is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse anticipates an order for the drug of choice when treating children, which is what?
A) Liothyronine (Cytomel)
B) Liotrix (Thyrolar)
C) Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
D) Methimazole (Tapazole)
2. A patient is at risk for thrombosis formation and is taking an oral anticoagulant. The patient has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and placed on levothyroxine (Synthroid). What will the nurse monitor the patient for?
A) Tachycardia
B) Elevated body temperature
C) Increased time spent sleeping D) Increased bruising and bleeding
3. The nurse is providing patient teaching regarding the administration of levothyroxine (Synthroid). What is the nurse's priority teaching point?
A) "Take the medication after breakfast."
B) "Take the medication with a full glass of water."
C) "Remain in the upright position for 30 minutes after administering."
D) "Take the medication before going to bed at night."
4. The nurse instructs the patient with a new prescription to treat hyperthyroidism and includes the importance of regular lab studies to monitor for bone marrow suppression, which can be an adverse effect of this drug. What drug is the nurse teaching the patient about?
A) Methimazole (Tapazole)
B) Propylthiouracil (PTU)
C) Sodium iodide I131 (Generic)
D) Potassium iodide (Thyro-Block)
5. What assessment findings would the nurse expect to see in a patient who overdosed on levothyroxine (Synthroid)?
A) Nervousness, tachycardia, tremors
B) Somnolence, bradycardia, paresthesia
C) Hyperglycemia, hypertension, edema
D) Buffalo hump, constipation, sodium loss
6. After administering propylthiouracil (PTU), what effect would the nurse anticipate the drug will have in the patient's body?
A) To destroy part of the thyroid gland
B) To inhibit production of thyroid hormone in the thyroid gland
C) To suppress the anterior pituitary gland's secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
D) To suppress the hypothalamus's production of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
7. The nurse provides teaching regarding levothyroxine to a 55-year-old patient diagnosed with Hashimoto's disease. What statement made by the patient does the nurse interpret to mean that the drug teaching had been understood?
A) "I can take this medication at any time of day."
B) "I should take this medication on an empty stomach in the morning."
C) "I may take this with a sip of water in the morning."
D) "If I feel nauseated, I may take this drug with an antacid."
8. The patient with hypothyroidism takes levothyroxine daily and has triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels drawn in the laboratory to check appropriateness of prescribed dosage. What results would the nurse analyze as indicating the need for a higher dosage of medication?
A) Elevated TSH, elevated T3, and reduced T4 levels
B) Reduced TSH, elevated T3 and T4 levels
C) Elevated TSH, reduced T3 and T4 levels
D) Reduced TSH, T3, and T4 levels
9. A patient presents at the clinic with complaints of weight loss despite an increased appetite. The nurse assesses this patient for what?
A) Chronic thyroiditis
B) Hypercalcemia
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Hyperthyroidism
10. What patient will the nurse assess most closely for secondary hyperparathyroidism?
A) The 12-year-old patient with hypothyroidism
B) The 68-year-old patient with chronic renal failure
C) The 35-year-old patient with diabetes mellitus
D) The 48-year-old patient with hyperthyroidism
11. What drug would the nurse appropriately administer to the patient to treat hypothyroidism?
A) Teriparatide
B) Methimazole
C) Propylthiouracil
D) Levothyroxine
12. The patient is 8 weeks pregnant and requires an antithyroid medication. The nurse identifies what drug as the drug of choice for this patient?
A) Propylthiouracil
B) Radioactive iodine
C) Alendronate
D) Methimazole
13. The nurse is discharging a patient with a new prescription for levothyroxine. What would the nurse teach the patient to report to her health care provider? (Select all that apply.)
A) Nervousness
B) Insomnia
C) Chest pain
D) Loss of hair
E) Nausea
14. The nurse is teaching the patient how to take his newly prescribed alendronate and includes what teaching points? (Select all that apply.)
A) "Take the drug in the morning."
B) "Wait 60 minutes before eating breakfast."
C) "Take the drug with a full glass of water."
D) "Remain upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication."
E) "Eat a breakfast high in calcium after taking the medication."
15. The nurse is discussing the endocrine system with a class of nursing students. What substance would the nurse label as a hormone?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Norepinephrine
C) Nucleic acid
D) Serotonin
16. What organ should the nurse recognize as the coordinating center for the nervous and endocrine responses to internal and external stimuli?
A) Hypothalamus
B) Pituitary gland
C) Thyroid gland
D) Parathyroid gland
17. What criteria can the nurse use to describe all hormones?
A) They are produced in very large amounts.
B) They circulate until they are used by receptor cells.
C) They are secreted directly into the tissue where they react.
D) They travel in the blood to specific receptor sites.
18. The nurse explains the end result of the hypothalamus in regulating the central nervous system (CNS), autonomic nervous system (ANS), and endocrine system is what?
A) Regulation of the negative feedback system
B) Creation of a diurnal rhythm
C) Maintenance of homeostasis
D) Production of prolactin-inhibiting factor (PIF)
19. The nurse administers an exogenous hormone to the patient. How does the nurse's action impact the endocrine system? (Select all that apply.)
A) May decrease exogenous hormone levels
B) May increase hormone levels in the body
C) May stop production of releasing and stimulating hormones
D) May lead to a decrease in the normal production of the hormone
E) May increase the endogenous hormone levels
20. A student asks the pharmacology instructor to explain the action of anticholinergic agents. What would be the instructor's best response?
A) They block nicotinic receptors.
B) They compete with serotonin for muscarinic acetylcholine receptor sites.
C) They act to block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system.
D) They increase norepinephrine at the neuromuscular junction.
21. A 73-year-old male with Parkinson's disease comes to the clinic for routine care. The man has a comorbidity of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). An anticholinergic drug is prescribed for the patient. What is the priority teaching point the nurse must give to the patient in regard to his medication?
A) "Avoid excessively hot environments."
B) "Avoid driving his car while taking the drug."
C) "Call his doctor if he cannot urinate."
D) "Take the drug with food to avoid gastrointestinal (GI) upset."
22. A patient has been given atropine to cause mydriasis and cycloplegia. What is the expected outcome for this patient?
A) Constricted pupils and blurred vision
B) Dilated pupils and improved vision
C) Dilated pupils and blurred vision
D) Dry eyes and constricted pupils
23. Because the effects of atropine are dose related, at what dose of atropine would the nurse expect to see a patient having difficulty speaking?
A) 0.5 mg
B) 1.0 mg
C) 2.0 mg
D) 5.0 mg
24. Because of the systemic effects of anticholinergic drugs, the nurse understands that older adults using these drugs are susceptible to what?
A) Heat stroke
B) Diarrhea
C) Urinary frequency
D) Hypotension
25. Anticholinergics have varied effects on the body. What is one of those effects?
A) Preventing vagal stimulation
B) Stimulating the release of acetylcholine
C) Increasing respiratory tract secretions
D) Increasing secretion of sweat glands
26. Anticholinergic drugs are used in ophthalmology because they produce what effect?
A) Sedation
B) Pupil dilation
C) Pupil constriction
D) Decreased lacrimal secretions
27. The nurse administers atropine preoperatively for what purpose?
A) Providing sedation
B) Dilating the pupils
C) Relaxing bladder muscles
D) Decreasing secretions
28. When the nurse administers an anticholinergic drug to a child, the nurse would carefully assess for what effect that is more likely to occur in children than in adults?
A) Rashes
B) Pupil dilation
C) Heat intolerance
D) Tachycardia
29. A 72-year-old female patient is being discharged home from the hospital on newly prescribed anticholinergic drugs. A referral to the home health nurse has been made. What priority teaching point will the home health nurse emphasize when discussing the patient's drugs?
A) "Do not drive or use machinery.
B) "Take lots of hot baths or showers."
C) "Keep the house warm to avoid a chill."
D) "Limit intake of fluids."
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