NURSING 1140 Pharm Exam Study Guide Pharmacology Exam Study Guide Test Bank Complete Latest 2021 (Keiser University) 339 PagesPharm Exam study guide
A
... [Show More] patient’s heart rate is found to be 72 beats per minute and regular. The nurse evaluates which
situation in the patient’s peripheral nervous system?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. The sympathetic system is in control.
2. The parasympathetic system is dominating.
3. Both parasympathetic and sympathetic systems are influencing cardiac status.
4. The autonomic nervous system is affecting cardiac status.
5. The somatic nervous system is affecting cardiac status.
Correct Answer: 2,3,4
Rationale 2: Restful cardiac response indicates that the primary input is from the parasympathetic
system.
Rationale 3: These two systems work in tandem to regulate the cardiac response.
Rationale 4: Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are part of the autonomic system.
2. A nurse is reading about the development of drugs that inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system.
The nurse would look for articles about which drug classes?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Anticholinergics
2. Parasympathomimetics
3. Parasympatholytics
4. Cholinergics
5. Muscarinic blockers
Correct Answer: 1,3,5
Rationale 1: Anticholinergics inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system.
Rationale 3: Parasympatholytic drugs inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system.
Rationale 5: Muscarinic blockers inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system.Question 3
Type: Hot Spot
Mark the site of the ganglionic synapse on this diagram.
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
Answer: 3
Rationale: The ganglionic synapse is the gap between the preganglionic neuron and the postganglionic
neuron.
Question 4
Type: MCMA
A patient has been prescribed an oral drug containing atropine. The nurse would hold the drug and
Contact the prescriber if which patient statements are made?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. “I would like to wait a few minutes to take this as I just drank some aloe juice.”
2. “Can I take this at the same time as my procainamide?”
3. “I have had a headache this morning.”
4. “I am allergic to penicillin.”5. “My gallbladder surgery is scheduled for next week.”
Correct Answer: 1,2
Rationale 1: Atropine should be used with caution in those who use aloe.
Rationale 2: There is a drug–drug interaction between atropine and procainamide.
Question 5
Type: MCSA
The nurse has completed medication education about pyridostigmine (Mestinon), an indirect cholinergic
drug, for the patient with myasthenia gravis. The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the
patient makes which statement?
1. "My heart may beat slower while I am on this drug."
2. "I will need to increase my fluid intake with this medication."
3. "I must take this medication immediately before eating a full meal."
4. "It is really important to take my medication on time."
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 4: Maintaining an optimum blood level of the drug is crucial in promoting muscle functioning,
so it is important for the patient to take his medication on time and as directed.
Question 6
Type: MCSA
The physician has ordered bethanechol (Urecholine), a cholinergic drug, for the patient with urinary
retention. The patient also has an enlarged prostate gland. What is the priority action by the nurse?
1. Hold the drug and prepare to catheterize the patient.
2. Administer the drug and measure urinary output.
3. Administer the drug and push fluids.
4. Hold the drug and contact the physician.
Correct Answer: 4.
Rationale 4: Bethanechol (Urecholine) relaxes the urinary sphincter and increases voiding pressure. It is
contraindicated with any physical obstruction of the urinary tract, such as an enlarged prostate gland.Question 7
Type: MCSA
The preop patient will be receiving glycopyrrolate (Robinul), an anticholinergic drug, and asks the nurse,
"Why do I need to have that shot?" What is the best response by the nurse?
1. "It will decrease your respiratory secretions during surgery."
2. "It will increase your urinary output during surgery."
3. "It will help you breathe better during surgery."
4. "It will help maintain your blood pressure during surgery."
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Anticholinergics dry secretions; a decrease in respiratory secretions is indicated prior to
surgery.
Question 8
Type: MCSA
The nurse is preparing to administer medications to a group of patients. One of the medications is
benztropine (Cogentin), an anticholinergic drug. This drug is contraindicated in which patient?
1. The patient with a fractured femur
2. The patient with tachycardia
3. The patient with an irritable colon
4. The patient with diarrhea
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 2: Anticholinergic drugs increase the heart rate; a patient with tachycardia should not receive
benztropine (Cogentin).
Question 9
Type: MCSA
The nurse is preparing to administer medications to a group of patients. One of the medications is
atropine, an anticholinergic drug. This drug is contraindicated in which patient?
1. The patient with glaucoma2. The patient with hyperthyroidism
3. The patient with a hiatal hernia
4. The patient with lung cancer
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Anticholinergic drugs can increase pressure in the eye; they must be avoided in patients
with glaucoma.
Question 10
Type: MCSA
The physician orders dicyclomine (Bentyl), an anticholinergic drug, for a patient. What is the nurse's
priority assessment prior to administering this drug?
1. Does the patient have light sensitivity?
2. Is the patient able to urinate?
3. Does the patient have a history of alcoholism?
4. Is the patient dizzy upon standing?
Correct Answer: 2. Rationale 2: Anticholinergic drugs can cause or increase urinary hesitancy or
retention.
Question 11
Type: MCSA
The patient is quadriplegic and receives oxybutynin (Ditropan), an anticholinergic drug, to increase his
bladder capacity. What is an important assessment of this patient by the nurse?
1. Is he irritable?
2. Is he constipated?
3. Is he gaining weight?
4. Is he lethargic?
Correct Answer: 2. Rationale 2: Anticholinergics slow gastrointestinal (GI) motility and can increase the
risk for constipation.
Question 12Type: MCMA
The nursing instructor teaches the student nurses about the nervous system. The instructor determines
that learning has occurred when the students make which statement(s)?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. "The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord."
2. "The peripheral nervous system has mainly sensory functions."
3. "The somatic nervous system gives us voluntary control over our gastrointestinal (GI) tract."
4. "The nervous system helps us react to environmental changes."
5. "The somatic nervous system gives us voluntary control over moving."
Correct Answer: 1,4,5
Rationale 1: The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
Rationale 4: The nervous system provides reaction to environmental changes.
Rationale 5: The somatic nervous system provides voluntary control over moving.
Question 13
Type: MCMA
The nursing instructor teaches the student nurses about the autonomic nervous system. The instructor
determines that learning has occurred when the students make which statement(s)?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. "The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are not always opposite in their effects."
2. "The parasympathetic nervous system is the "fight-or-flight" response."
3. "Sympathetic stimulation causes dilation of arterioles."
4. "The parasympathetic nervous system causes bronchial constriction."
5. "The sympathetic nervous system is activated under stress."
Correct Answer: 1,4,5
Rationale 1: The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are not always opposite in their effects.
Rationale 4: The parasympathetic nervous system causes bronchial constriction.Rationale 5: The sympathetic nervous system is activated under stress.
Question 14
Type: MCSA
The student nurse asks the nursing instructor, "Do the medications we are studying actually make more
neurotransmitters?" What is the best response by the nursing instructor?
1. "No, but medications can heal diseases of the autonomic nervous system."
2. "Yes, some of the newer medications are very good at doing this."
3. "Yes, but the newer drugs that do this have some serious side effects."
4. "No, medications can only increase or decrease the action of neurotransmitters."
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 4: Medications cannot manufacture new neurotransmitters; they can only increase or
decrease their action.
Question 15
Type: MCSA
The ability of a person to use his arm muscles to lift a weight is primarily regulated by
1. the somatic nervous system.
2. the sympathetic nervous system.
3. the autonomic nervous system.
4. the parasympathetic nervous system.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: The somatic nervous system (a division of the peripheral nervous system) controls
voluntary movement such as lifting a weight.
Question 16
Type: MCSA
Which of the following responses are regulated by the sympathetic nervous system?
1. Increased heart rate, bronchial constriction
2. Peripheral artery dilation, reduced peristalsis3. Increased secretions, sex organ stimulation
4. Relaxation of bladder, pupil dilation
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 4: Relaxation of the bladder and pupil dilation is regulated by the sympathetic nervous
system.
Question 17
Type: MCSA
A person who had her adrenergic receptors activated would experience
1. fight-or-flight effects.
2. rest-and-digest effects.
3. increased blood volume.
4. bronchial constriction.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Adrenergic receptors are found within the sympathetic nervous system. Sympathetic
nervous system activation produces the fight-or-flight response.
Question 18
Type: MCSA
Which substance would inhibit the function of the autonomic nervous system?
1. Drugs that bind and then stimulate the postsynaptic neuron
2. Drugs that prohibit neurotransmitter reuptake
3. Drugs that increase neurotransmitter synthesis
4. Drugs that prevent the storage of neurotransmitter in vesicles
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 4: The more neurotransmitter available, the greater the function/stimulation of the
autonomic nervous system.
Question 19
Type: MCSAWhich cholinergic receptor type is found at the ganglionic synapse of both the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous systems?
1. Alpha receptors
2. Muscarinic
3. Nicotinic
4. Beta receptors
Correct Answer: 3. Rationale 3: Nicotinic receptors are found at the ganglionic synapse of both
sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Question 20
Type: MCMA
A patient is prescribed an anticholinergic drug. What discharge instructions should the nurse provide?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Wear sunglasses in bright light.
2. Limit fluid intake.
3. Increase fiber intake.
4. Avoid hot showers.
5. Avoid milk and dairy products.
Correct Answer: 1,3,4
Rationale 1: Anticholinergic drugs may cause photosensitivity.
Rationale 3: Use of anticholinergics increases risk for constipation. Fiber intake should be increased.
Rationale 4: Use of anticholinergics reduces ability of patients to sweat and self-regulate temperature.
Hot environments, including hot showers and baths, should be avoided.
Question 21
Type: MCSA
Which statement is accurate regarding exogenous acetylcholine?
1. Acetylcholine has almost no therapeutic effects because it is rapidly destroyed once given.
2. Acetylcholine is broken down rapidly within the body, preventing it from producing adverse effects.3. Acetylcholine will cause the heart rate to increase and blood pressure to drop.
4. When given in small amounts, acetylcholine will produce profound parasympathetic effects.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Exogenous acetylcholine is not generally administered, because it is rapidly destroyed by
the body.
Question 22
Type: MCSA
The nurse explains that atropine (Atropair) increases heart rate in which manner?
1. Blocking the beta receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system.
2. Directly stimulating the sympathetic nervous system.
3. Potentiating the effects of acetylcholine on nicotinic receptors.
4. Blocking the effects of acetylcholine by occupying muscarinic receptors.
Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 4: Atropine is a cholinergic-blocking agent that occupies muscarinic
receptors.
Question 23
Type: MCMA
Which patient situations are considered involuntary responses to autonomic nervous system control?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Sweating when hot
2. Stepping over a chair to prevent falling
3. Complaining of nausea
4. Salivating at the smell of food
5. Breathing deeper when running
Correct Answer: 1,4,5
Rationale 1: Sweating is an involuntary response that is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system.
Rationale 2: Muscle movement is controlled by the somatic nervous system.Rationale 3: Complaining of nausea is a result of sensory neuron input and is not part of the autonomic
system.
Rationale 4: Salivation is involuntary and is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
Question 24
Type: MCMA
A patient has sustained a large blood loss. During the assessment, the nurse realizes that which findings
are under the control of the nervous system?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Heart rate
2. Blood pressure
3. Pupil size
4. Bowel sounds
5. Fluid volume
Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4
Rationale 1: The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves act as a smoothly integrated whole to
accomplish minute-to-minute changes in essential functions such as heart rate.
Rationale 2: The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves act as a smoothly integrated whole to
accomplish minute-to-minute changes in essential functions such as blood pressure.
Rationale 3: The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves act as a smoothly integrated whole to
accomplish minute-to-minute changes in essential functions such as pupil size.
Rationale 4: The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves act as a smoothly integrated whole to
accomplish minute-to-minute changes in essential functions such as intestinal motility.
Question 25
Type: MCMA
The nurse is caring for a patient with multisystem organ failure. Which patient assessment findings are
under the control of the sympathetic nervous system?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Blood glucose level 210 mg/dL2. Blood pressure 180/90 mmHg
3. Extremities are cool
4. Respiratory rate 14 and regular
5. Hyperactive bowel sounds
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Metabolic effects such as an increase in blood glucose are a sympathetic nervous system
function.
Rationale 2: The constriction and relaxation of arterioles are controlled entirely by the sympathetic
nervous system.
Rationale 3: The sympathetic nervous system controls release of epinephrine and norepinephrine,
which result in peripheral vasoconstriction.
Question 26
Type: MCMA
A student nurse is learning about a medication that affects the autonomic nervous system. When
instructing the student about the effects of this medication, the nurse will begin by explaining the basic
unit of this system. What does this include?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. The preganglionic neuron
2. The postganglionic neuron
3. The synaptic cleft
4. Norepinephrine
5. Dopamine
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: The basic unit of the autonomic nervous system is a two-neuron chain. The first neuron,
called the preganglionic neuron, originates in the central nervous system.
Rationale 2: The preganglionic neuron connects with the second nerve in the autonomic nervous system
two-neuron chain through the ganglia, which contains the postganglionic neuron.
Rationale 3: Autonomic messages must cross the synaptic cleft.Question 27
Type: SEQ
The nurse educator is reviewing the process of synaptic transmission following the sympathetic
pathway. In which order will the nurse explain the steps of synaptic transmission?
1. Action potential encounters adrenergic receptors
2. Action potential encounters cholinergic receptors
3. Action potential travels across the preganglionic neuron
4. Action potential travels across the postganglionic neuron
5. Target tissue is reached.
Standard Text: Click and drag the options below to move them up or down.
Correct Answer: 3,2,4,1,5
Question 28
Type: MCMA
A patient is prescribed a medication that will block muscarinic receptors. The nurse realizes that this
medication has implications for which body systems?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Eyes
2. Respiratory
3. Cardiac
4. Endocrine
5. Metabolic
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Medications that block muscarinic receptors are used during ophthalmic procedures.
Rationale 2: Medications that block muscarinic receptors are used in the pharmacologic treatment of
asthma.
Rationale 3: Medications that block muscarinic receptors are used in the pharmacologic treatment of
bradycardia.Question 29
Type: MCMA
A patient has been prescribed scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) for the prevention of motion sickness. The
nurse should teach the patient to immediately report which adverse effects?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Slow heart rate
2. Cardiac palpitations
3. Decreased urinary output
4. Development of tremors
5. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: 2,3,4
Rationale 2: Dysrhythmia is an adverse effect of this drug.
Rationale 3: Decreased urinary output is an adverse effect of this drug.
Rationale 4: Tremors are an adverse effect of this drug.
Question 30
Type: MCMA
A patient who has myasthenia gravis (MG) presents to the emergency department with abrupt onset of
increased muscle weakness and difficulty swallowing. An attempt to distinguish worsening of the MG
symptoms from overdose of the patient’s prescribed anticholinergic is planned. What medications
should the nurse obtain for use in this procedure?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Donepezil (Aricept)
2. Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
3. Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
4. Edrophonium (Edrophonium Injectable)
5. Atropine (Atropine Injectable)
Correct Answer: 4,5Rationale 4: Edrophonium (Edrophonium Injectable) is given as a test dose. If muscular symptoms
improve, the patient is having a myasthenic crisis.
Rationale 5: Atropine (Atropine Injectable) is given if the test results in a cholinergic crisis.
Chapter 13:
Question 1
Type: MCSA
The patient receives methyldopa (Aldomet), an adrenergic drug. The nurse determines that the patient
is having side effects when the patient makes which statement?
1. "Will you check my pupils? I can't see very well at all."
2. "I am so thirsty; will you please bring me another pitcher of water?"
3. "I am so anxious; I really need to walk around the room."
4. "I feel so sleepy that I don't think I can eat my dinner."
Correct Answer: 3.Rationale 3: Adrenergic drugs mimic the effect of the sympathetic nervous system
(SNS). This can result in anxiety and restlessness.
Question 2
Type: MCSA
The patient receives metaproterenol (Alupent), an adrenergic drug. A consulting physician orders
carteolol (Cartrol), a beta blocker. What best describes the nurse's assessment?
1. The patient is at risk for a hypertensive crisis.
2. The effects of metaproterenol (Alupent) will be decreased.
3. The drugs are compatible; there will not be any adverse effects.
4. The effects of metaproterenol (Alupent) will be increased.
Correct Answer: 2.Rationale 2: Beta-adrenergic blockers block the receptors that are stimulated by
adrenergic drugs; the effects of metaproterenol (Alupent) would be decreased.
Question 3
Type: MCSA
The nurse has been doing medication education for the patient receiving atenolol (Tenormin), a beta
blocker. The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the patient makes which statement?1. "I need to take my pulse every day."
2. "If I have any side effects, I will stop the medication."
3. "I cannot take this drug if I develop glaucoma."
4. "I cannot continue to have my morning cup of coffee."
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Beta blockers slow the heart rate; therefore, the patient must monitor his pulse every day.
Question 4
Type: MCSA
The physician ordered prazosin (Minipress), an alpha-adrenergic blocker, for the patient. The nurse
plans to do medication education. What will the best plan of the nurse include?
1. Instruct the patient to not take OTC herbal preparations containing saw palmetto.
2. Instruct the patient to not take tub baths.
3. Instruct the patient to decrease his intake of sodium.
4. Instruct the patient to wear sunglasses when outdoors.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: A hypotensive response may occur when saw palmetto is taken concurrently
Question 5
A patient has been prescribed an alpha1 adrenergic agonist drug. The nurse would plan to monitor for
effects from which organs?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Kidneys
2. Eyes
3. Heart
4. Bowels
5. LungsCorrect Answer: 1,2,4,5
Rationale 1: Alpha1 receptors have potential to affect the renal system.
Rationale 2: Alpha1 receptors result in dilation of the pupils.
Rationale 4: Alpha1 receptors have potential to affect receptors in the gastrointestinal tract.
Rationale 5: Alpha1 receptors have potential to affect receptors in the respiratory system.
Question 6
A patient is prescribed a drug that activates alpha2 receptors. The nurse would plan care based on which
physiological response?
1. Inhibition of norepinephrine release
2. Absence of monoamine oxidase
3. Increased lipolysis
4. Destruction of presynaptic nerve terminals
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: The action of alpha2 receptors is to inhibit release of norepinephrine.
Question 7
A nurse is reviewing medical records for usage of drugs that are beta2 agonists. The nurse should start
with the medical records of patients with which conditions?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Heart failure
2. Asthma
3. COPD
4. Overactive bladder
5. Nasal congestion
Correct Answer: 2,3
Rationale 2: Beta2 agonists are useful in the treatment of asthma.Rationale 3: Beta2 agonists are useful in the treatment of COPD.
Question 9
A patient who is in heart failure is administered a beta1 agonist. The nurse would evaluate that the drug
is effective if which changes occur?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Heart rate increases
2. Pulse becomes stronger
3. Pupils dilate
4. Dysrhythmias dissipate
5. Blood pressure drops
Correct Answer: 1,2
Rationale 1: One of the effects of beta1 agonists is to increase the heart rate.
Rationale 2: One of the effects of beta1 agonists is to increase force of cardiac contraction, which would
be felt as a stronger pulse.
Question 10
A patient has been prescribed isoproterenol (Isuprel). The nurse plans care based on the drug’s
stimulation of which receptors?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Alpha1
2. Alpha2
3. Beta1
4. Beta2
5. Beta3
Correct Answer: 3,4
Rationale 3: Isoproterenol (Isuprel) is a nonselective drug that stimulates beta1 receptors.Rationale 4: Isoproterenol (Isuprel) is a nonselective drug that stimulates beta2 receptors.
Question 11
Type: Hot Spot
The nurse is providing discharge medication instruction to the family of a child who is severely allergic to
peanuts. Mark the spot where the family or patient should inject epinephrine from an EpiPen should an
allergic response occur.
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
Answer: 4.Rationale: This drug should be injected into the thigh only.
Question 12
A nurse is providing discharge medication instruction regarding use of injectable epinephrine (EpiPen).
What information should the nurse include?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. If you need to use this pen, seek medical advice as follow-up.
2. You can dispose of a used EpiPen in your regular trash.
3. Keep an extra EpiPen on hand.
4. Store this device in your refrigerator.
5. Carry an EpiPen in your car’s glovebox.
Correct Answer: 1,3
Rationale 1: If it is necessary to use the EpiPen, it is important to seek immediate follow-up by calling
911 or the provider.
Rationale 3: It is recommended that the patient have an extra EpiPen on hand in case of emergency or
failure of the original unit.
Question 13
A patient has been prescribed phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) spray for nasal congestion. What
information about adverse effects should the nurse provide in discharge teaching?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. “This drug may cause some stinging or burning in your nose.”
2. “You may notice that your nasal secretions take on a slightly orange tint.”
3. “You may feel like your blood pressure is low for the first few times you use this spray.”
4. “One of the major adverse effects of this drug is rebound congestion if it is used more than a few
days.”
5. “Do not drink herbal teas while taking this medication.”
Correct Answer: 1,4
Rationale 3: Intranasal medications, if used properly, should have little or no effect on blood pressure.
Rationale 4: Rebound congestion is likely to occur if the drug is used for over 3–5 days.
Question 14
Type: MCMAThe nurse is preparing to administer an adrenergic drug intravenously. What nursing actions should be
planned?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Give the drug as rapidly as possible by intravenous push.
2. Dilute the drug before administration.
3. Use an infusion pump to control rate of administration.
4. Monitor for blanching at the infusion site.
5. Advise the patient that a sweet taste may occur as the drug is being given.
Correct Answer: 2,3,4
Rationale 2: These drugs should be diluted prior to administration.
Rationale 3: Infusion of these drugs should be controlled via an infusion pump.
Rationale 4: Blanching at the infusion site indicates probable extravasation. The drip should be stopped.
Question 15
Type: MCMA
A patient has been prescribed phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine). Prior to administering this drug the
nurse would review the patient’s medication history for presence of which drugs?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. MAO inhibitors
2. Tricyclic antidepressants
3. Iron supplements
4. Digoxin
5. Aspirin
Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4Rationale 1: Concurrent use with MAO inhibitors may result in hypertensive crisis.
Rationale 2: Tricyclic antidepressants can potentiate the effects of phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine).
Rationale 3: Iron supplements are incompatible with phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine).
Rationale 4: Dysrhythmias may occur when phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) and digoxin are used
concurrently.
Question 16
A patient who was recently prescribed an adrenergic drug says, “I am so nervous and I cannot sleep.”
The nurse would ask which questions?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. “How much coffee do you drink?”
2. “Have you recently increased your intake of dairy products?”
3. “Do you eat chocolate?”
4. “When was the last time you ate pickled foods or aged cheese?”
5. “How much wine or other alcoholic beverages do you drink?”
Correct Answer: 1,3
Rationale 1: The caffeine in coffee may cause excessive nervousness, insomnia, and tremors.
Rationale 3: The caffeine in chocolate may cause excessive nervousness, insomnia, and tremors.
Question 17
Type: MCMA
A patient who has used an adrenergic nasal spray for 2 weeks complains that, “I am more stuffed up
now than I was when I was sick.” What advise should the nurse provide?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. “You are having an allergic reaction to the nasal spray. Stop using it immediately.”
2. “You probably have developed a secondary infection.”
3. “Try increasing the amount of fluids you are drinking.”4. “Switch to a saline-based nasal spray.”
5. “Continue to use your current nasal spray until the congestion goes away.”
Correct Answer: 3,4
Rationale 3: Increased oral fluids may help to thin secretions, making them easier to remove.
Rationale 4: The patient is probably experiencing rebound congestion. Switching from the adrenergic
spray to a saline spray will keep the mucosa moist and more comfortable until the effects of the
adrenergic spray abate.
Question 18
An older adult patient received an adrenergic eye drop to dilate the pupils for a retinal exam. What
information should the nurse provide when discharging this patient?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. “Do not drive until the effects of the eye drops have worn off.”
2. “Wear sunglasses when in bright light.”
3. “You may be more comfortable in a darkened room.”
4. “You may experience burning in your eyes for a couple of days.”
5. “Do not eat or drink anything for at least an hour after discharge.”
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Older adults may notice blurring of vision after receiving drops to dilate the eyes. The
patient should not drive until vision is clear.
Rationale 2: Photosensitivity is a common effect, and protective eyewear should be worn.
Rationale 3: Photosensitivity is a common effect, and the patient may be more comfortable in a
darkened room or with a soft cloth covering the eyes.
Question 19
A patient has been prescribed an adrenergic nasal spray. What medication instruction should the nurse
provide?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.1. “Do not share this spray with anyone.”
2. “Sit upright while using this spray.”
3. “Only use this spray for 3–5 days.”
4. “Do not shake the bottle before using this spray.”
5. “Keep this spray refrigerated.”
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Sharing nasal sprays may spread infection.
Rationale 2: The patient should sit upright to use this medication so that it is delivered appropriately,
avoiding overdosage.
Rationale 3: Adrenergic nasal sprays may cause rebound congestion if used more that 3–5 days.
Question 20
Type: MCSA
Which statement is accurate concerning drugs classified as adrenergic antagonists?
1. They are also known as anticholinergics.
2. Their actions will block the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
3. Their actions are the opposite of those of sympathomimetics.
4. They will stimulate the sympathetic nervous system.
Correct Answer: 3.Rationale 3: Adrenergic antagonists inhibit the actions of the sympathetic nervous
system.
Question 21
During assessment a patient says, “I took my blood pressure at home and it was high. I have been taking
my husband’s propranolol (Inderal) for the last week.” The nurse is especially concerned about this
action when it is noted that the patient has which preexisting conditions?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Obesity2. Diabetes mellitus
3. COPD
4. Asthma
5. Rheumatoid arthritis
Correct Answer: 2,3,4
Rationale 2: Beta blockers may cause hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia and may mask the symptoms of
hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes.
Rationale 3: Beta blockers may cause significant bronchial constriction.
Rationale 4: Beta blockers may cause significant bronchial constriction.
Question 22
A patient states, “I stopped taking that beta blocker last week. It made me so tired, I just couldn’t go on
taking it.” What are the priority nursing assessments?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Blood pressure
2. Heart rhythm
3. Urinary output
4. Presence of chest pain
5. Presence of respiratory crackles
Correct Answer: 1,2,4
Rationale 1: Abruptly discontinuing beta blockers may result in acute resurgence of symptoms such as
hypertension.
Rationale 2: Abruptly discontinuing beta blockers may result in acute resurgence of symptoms such as
dysrhythmia.
Rationale 4: Abruptly discontinuing beta blockers may result in chest pain.
Question 23
A patient has been prescribed prazosin (Minipress). What information should the nurse provide?Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. “Stay out of the sun until you determine if you become sun-sensitive.”
2. “Take this medication just before you go to bed.”
3. “This medication may make you dizzy.”
4. “This medication may slow your heart rate noticeably.”
5. “Do not take this medication with milk.”
Correct Answer: 2,3
Rationale 2: This medication should be taken just before bedtime as it may cause drowsiness or light-
headedness.
Rationale 3: Dizziness is a common adverse effect of this drug.
Question 24
A patient who was administered prazosin (Minipress) became unconscious 30 minutes after the first
dose. What medications should the nurse prepare for resuscitation?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Normal saline
2. Dobutamine
3. Atenolol (Tenormin)
4. Carvedilol (Coreg)
5. Propranolol (Inderal)
Correct Answer: 1,2
Rationale 1: Unconsciousness after the first dose of prazosin (Minipress) is typically due to severe
hypotension. Normal saline can be used as a volume expander.
Rationale 2: Unconsciousness after the first dose of prazosin (Minipress) is typically due to severe
hypotension. Treatment with a vasopressor such as dobutamine may be indicated.
Question 25Type: MCMA
A patient has been prescribed an adrenergic-blocker for treatment of hypertension. What information should the nurse provide? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. “Rise from a sitting position slowly.” 2. “Sit on the side of the bed a few moments before you stand.” 3. “If you feel dizzy, add more salt to your diet.” 4. “If you feel dizzy, sit or lie down until the dizziness passes.” 5. “Try to continue daily activities even if dizziness occurs.” Correct Answer: 1,2,4
Rationale 1: Patients who are starting on adrenergic-blocking drugs should move slowly from the sitting position. Rationale 2: Sitting on the side of the bed will help blood pressure normalize before standing. Rationale 4: If the patient feels dizzy, sitting down or lying down will help to prevent falls. Question 26
A patient returns to the clinic for follow-up after taking an adrenergic blocking medication for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH.) What assessment questions should the nurse ask? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. “What color is your urine?” 2. “Do you have any difficulty starting to urinate?” 3. “Do you have the feeling that your bladder is full?” 4. “When was your last bowel movement [Show Less]