NURS 6614 FINAL Exam containing 100 Questions Answers 2024
You have a 33-year-old patient with diabetes type 2. Your patient has a
fasting plasma
... [Show More] glucose of 280 mg/dl and A1C of 10%. You want to
assess your patient for diabetic nephropathy. What is the best way to
assess your patient? - ANSWER- Serial random urinalysis for
microalbuminuria
A 33-year-old female patient presents to your clinic with a 2 day history
of dysuria, urinary frequency, and incontinence. She has been afebrile
and denies sexual intercourse in the past two months. This is the first
such episode and she has no history of previous hospitalization or
antibiotic use for any reason in the past 3 months. She has no known
allergies to any medications. What is most likely to be the best option for
your initial diagnostic work-up today? - ANSWER- Clean-catch, midstream urine for urinalysis
A 33-year-old female patient presents to your clinic with a 2 day history
of dysuria, urinary frequency, and incontinence. She has been afebrile
and denies sexual intercourse in the past two months. This is the first
such episode and she has no history of previous hospitalization or
antibiotic use for any reason in the past 3 months. She has no known
allergies to any medications. She has no pertinent positive exam
findings. The urinalysis is positive for RBCs, protein, and nitrites. What
is your diagnosis for this patient? - ANSWER- Lower urinary tract
infection
A 33-year-old female patient presents to your clinic with a 2 day history
of dysuria, urinary frequency, and incontinence. She has been afebrile
and denies sexual intercourse in the past two months. This is the first
such episode and she has no history of previous hospitalization or
antibiotic use for any reason in the past 3 months. She has no known
allergies to any medications. The urinalysis is positive for blood and
pyuria. Your patient does not have insurance and has financial
constraints. There is no known antibiotic resistance in your area. What
do you decide to order for your patient today? - ANSWERTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Which of the following statements are true about uncomplicated cystitis
in women? Please SELECT ALL THAT APPLY - ANSWER- Treatment
can be with short-term antimicrobial therapy, which consists of singledose therapy or 1-3 days of therapy.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole can be ineffective because of the
emergence of resistant organisms.
In elderly patients, altered mental status may be the sole
manifestation and should create a high level of suspicion.
Approximately 80%-90% of the uncomplicated cases are a result of
the gram-negative rod bacterium, Escherichia coli.
Which of the following are true regarding microalbuminuria? Please
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. - ANSWER- At least 2 of 3 spot urine
collections over a 3 to 6 month period should be abnormal before a
diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease is justified.
Subsequent end-stage chronic kidney disease can be predicted by
persistent urinary albumin excretion rates exceeding 30 mcg./min.
Minimal but persistent amounts of albumin in the urine are associated
with diabetic nephropathy and with hypertensive renal damage.
An ACE inhibitor in normotensive diabetics impedes progression to
proteinuria and prevents the increase in albumin excretion rate.
A urine specimen that is positive for protein (in the absence of infection)
negates the need for microalbumin testing.
You are reviewing a patient's labwork from a clinic visit. You note that
serum creatinine is elevated for the second lab draw in a row. What are
you thinking about the patient's glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? -
ANSWER- The patient's GFR is probably going down.
Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as a deterioration in renal
function that persists for more than three months. All of the following
are possible etiologies of CRF except: - ANSWER- Lower urinary tract
infections
You are ordering lab work to monitor your diabetic patient. You include
all of the following lab orders except: - ANSWER- Urine glucose
Which of the following is the most important risk factor for
nephrolithiasis in the general population? - ANSWER- Women with
frequent UTI
The major factor that prevents development of urinary tract infection is:
- ANSWER- Maintaining sterility of the urinary tract
The organism responsible for approximately 80% of urinary tract
infections is: - ANSWER- Escherichia coli
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