NURS 6521N Midterm Exam – Advanced Pharmacology | Graded A+
• Question 1
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following will a nurse inform the
... [Show More] patient is one of the most common adverse effects of guaifenesin (Robitussin)?
Response The most common adverse effects of guaifenesin use are GI
Feedback: symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Increased blood pressure, increased blood glucose, and urinary retention are not commonly identified adverse effects of this drug.
• Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Children age 6 to 11 are recommended to start with what dosage of Allegra?
• Question 3
1 out of 1 points
A college student has presented the campus medical clinic complaining of cold symptoms that he has been experiencing for the past 2 weeks. He tells the nurse that he has been taking OTC decongestants twice daily since the onset of the cold. What teaching point should the nurse provide to this student?
Response Frequent, long-term, or excessive use of decongestants induces
Feedback: rebound congestion. Rebound congestion occurs when the nasal passages become congested as the drug effect wears off and the body compensates by vasodilating the same nasal arterioles that the drug constricted. This does not occur because of the ineffectiveness of decongestants, however. Dosing should be based on the instructions provided.
• Question 4
1 out of 1 points
A female patient calls the clinic and reports that since she has been taking dextromethorphan (Robitussin), she has been extremely drowsy and dizzy. The nurse will question the patient about which of the following?
Response The nurse should assess the amount of grapefruit or orange juice
Feedback: ingestion, because these juices can substantially increase the concentration of dextromethorphan and cause an increase in the frequency and severity of the adverse effects of the drug. Tea, soft drinks, coffee, or water would not increase the drowsiness or dizziness that is often associated with the use of this drug.
• Question 5
1 out of 1 points
A 54-year-old male patient with small-cell lung cancer is receiving etoposide. The nurse will carefully monitor for which of the following?
Response The nurse should observe the patient closely for hypotension
Feedback: and anaphylactic reactions. The drug should not cause hypertension, hypoglycemia, or tachycardia.
• Question 6
1 out of 1 points
A high school student was diagnosed with asthma when he was in elementary school and has become accustomed to carrying and using his “puffers”. In recent months, he has become more involved in sports and has developed a habit of administering albuterol up to 10 times daily. The nurse should teach the student that overuse of albuterol can lead to Response Patients who self-administer albuterol may use their MDIs more
Feedback: frequently than recommended. This practice can result in rebound bronchoconstriction, which may motivate the patient to increase MDI use, stimulating the cycle of rebound congestion.
Overuse of albuterol is not linked to pneumonia or hepatotoxicity. Albuterol is not an anticholinergic drug.
• Question 7
1 out of 1 points
A 68-year-old man complains of a chronic, nonproductive cough. He states that he has to have relief, that he has been coughing every 2 to 3 minutes, and he is worn out. Dextromethorphan is prescribed for him. Before he leaves the clinic he asks how long it will take for the medicine to work. The nurse will advise him that he should experience therapeutic effects in
Response The nurse should explain to the patient that he should get some
Feedback: relief in 15 to 30 minutes. Dextromethorphan is absorbed rapidly from the GI tract, which allows for therapeutic effects to be experienced within a half hour.
• Question 8
1 out of 1 points
A 70-year-old woman has a complex medical and a current drug regimen that includes calcium and vitamin D supplements for osteoporosis, metformin (Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes, phenelzine (Nardil) for depression, and metoprolol (Lopressor) and furosemide (Lasix) for hypertension. The woman is requesting dextromethorphan for the treatment of a recurrent cough. What component of her drug regimen contraindicates the use of dextromethorphan?
Response Dextromethorphan can block neuronal uptake of serotonin and
Feedback: may produce serotonin syndrome. The concurrent use of dextromethorphan and metformin, calcium supplements, and metoprolol is not problematic.
• Question 9
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is providing education to a 56-year-old man who is admitted to theemergency department with an acute asthma attack. The nurse's initial assessment reveals that the patient has a history of pneumonia, drinks large quantities of coffee, and eats a high-calorie diet. Albuterol is prescribed for him. The important consideration when the nurse is preparing a teaching plan will be that the patient
Response Caffeine has sympathomimetic effects that may increase the risk
Feedback: for adverse effects with albuterol. The nurse should assess the patient's intake of caffeine through coffee, tea, soda, cocoa, candy, and chocolate. The patient's age, history of pneumonia, and preference for high-calorie food would not have important implications for his albuterol drug therapy.
• Question 10
1 out of 1 points
A female patient has been taking zafirlukast for a week and is experiencingdiarrhea. The nurse should instruct her to do which of the following? Response The patient should be urged to drink plenty of fluids if she
Feedback: experiences diarrhea while taking zafirlukast, and she should report these symptoms to the health care provider. The patient should take nonnarcotic analgesics only for headaches. The patient should take the drug on an empty stomach to increase its bioavailability. It is not necessary to schedule a blood test.
• Question 11
1 out of 1 points
After a recent history of shortness of breath that has become increasingly severe, a woman has been prescribed ipratropium by MDI while she undergoes a diagnostic workup. What patient teaching should the nurse provide to this patient?
Response Ipratropium should be taken daily, despite the absence of
Feedback: symptoms. Breathing exercises are not necessarily required and the drug controls symptoms but does not cure lung diseases.
• Question 12
1 out of 1 points
A patient is in the clinic for seasonal allergic rhinitis. Loratadine (Claritin) isprescribed. Which of the following statements will the nurse include when providing patient education concerning this drug?
Response Loratadine (Claritin) is a second-generation antihistamine and
Feedback: does not usually cause drowsiness like the first-generation medications; however, the patient should take it for at least a day to determine the drug's effect before driving. Loratadine should be taken on an empty stomach to increase absorption. The drug is taken only once a day. Brompheniramine, a nonselective H1 blocker (first-generation antihistamine) is taken every 4 to 6 hours. Fexofenadine can be taken twice daily.
• Question 13
1 out of 1 points
A 47-year-old woman has been diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. Pilocarpine drops are prescribed. The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has worn soft contact lenses for 15 years. The nurse will instruct the patient to
Response The nurse should instruct the patient to remove the contact
Feedback: lenses before applying the drops to the eyes. If pilocarpine drops are applied to the eyes when soft contact lenses are in place, the lenses can deteriorate or absorb the drug. There is no need to stop wearing contact lenses during this therapy, but application of the lenses should take place after the drops have been applied.
• Question 14
1 out of 1 points
A 20-year-old woman calls the clinic at 5 PM and reports to the nurse that she forgot to take her morning dose of fexofenadine (Allegra). She usually takes her evening dose at 8 PM. She wants to know what she should do.
The nurse will instruct her to
Response Since it is only 3 hours until her evening dose, the nurse will
Feedback: instruct her to forget about the morning dose and take the evening dose as scheduled. It is not advisable to take two doses at the same time, and there is no need to skip the evening dose as well.
• Question 15
1 out of 1 points
A female patient has been taking prednisone for her asthma for 1 month. The nurse will teach her to gradually decrease her dose of prednisone to avoid
Response The patient may develop adrenal insufficiency (addisonian crisis),
Feedback: which is characterized by glucocorticoid insufficiency without mineralocorticoid insufficiency. Hypokalemia occurs as a result of hyperaldosteronism. Gastrointestinal distress and menstrual irregularities are common adverse effects of the drug, but these effects are not as serious as preventing adrenal insufficiency.
• Question 16 [Show Less]