NURS 6521C Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Sample 3 (Study Guide)
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
Submitted 1/12/20
Due Date 1/13/20
Status
... [Show More] Completed
Attempt Score 98 out of 100 points
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner explains to a patient that nitroglycerin patches should be applied in
the morning and removed in the evening. This medication schedule reduces the
potential for
Selected Answer: nitrate tolerance.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Mr. Nguyen, age 71, will soon be discharged home from the hospital after a successful
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). During patient education about his drug regimen,
Mr. Nguyen's nurse should prioritize teach about
Selected
Answer:
potential adverse effects of the drugs that Mr. Nguyen will be
taking.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
The most effective therapy for a patient who is H. pylori positive with a gastric ulcer is:
Selected Answer: Bismuth, Metronidazole, Omeprazole, and Tetracycline
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
A 60-year-old African-American man lives with a number of chronic health problems.
Genetic factors are likely to influence his etiology and/or treatment of
Selected Answer: hypertension.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
A female patient has been taking prednisone for her asthma for 1 month. The nurse will
teach her to gradually decrease her dose of prednisone to avoid
Selected Answer: adrenal insufficiency.
Question 6
0 out of 1 points
The APRN is treating a 56 year old male with diagnosed atrial fibrillation. He is
complaining of being light headed. His vital signs are BP 100/68 HR 144 RR 22. The
best choice of medication to treat this patient is:
Selected Answer: 3.Cardiac glycoside such as Digoxin
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 70-year-old patient who is taking desmopressin
(DDAVP). The patient has a history of cardiovascular disease. The nurse will prioritize
the assessment of which of the following?
Selected Answer: Electrolyte levels
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following will a Nurse Practitioner inform the patient is one of the most
common adverse effects of guaifenesin (Robitussin)?
Selected Answer: Gastrointestinal distress
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following is TRUE about long acting beta agonist use in asthma patients?
Selected
Answer:
It can be combined with an inhaled corticosteroid to improve
asthma control
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
A patient with a variety of chronic health problems is being seen by her nurse
practitioner, who is currently reviewing the patient's medication regimen. Which of the
patient's medications should prompt the nurse to teach her to avoid drinking grapefruit
juice?
Selected Answer: Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is instructing a patient who was recently diagnosed with multiple
sclerosis about dantrolene (Dantrium). The patient is a 38-year-old-male and the
foreman for a construction company. In order to minimize one important adverse effect
of the drug, the nurse will give the patient which of the following instructions?
Selected
Answer:
Wear appropriate clothing and sunscreen whenever he is in direct
sunlight
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
A 66-year-old woman has a complex medical history that includes poorly-controlled
type 1 diabetes, renal failure as a result of diabetic nephropathy and chronic heart
failure (CHF). Her care provider has recently added spironolactone (Aldactone) to thewoman's medication regimen. The nurse should consequently assess for signs and
symptoms of
Selected Answer: hyperkalemia.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who is diabetic and has been diagnosed with
hypertension. An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, has been
prescribed for her. Which of the following should the Nurse Practitioner assess before
beginning drug therapy?
Selected Answer: Serum potassium levels
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
During a clinic visit, a patient complains of having frequent muscle cramps in her legs.
The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has been taking over-the-counter
laxatives for the past 7 years. The nurse informed the patient that prolonged use of
laxatives
Selected Answer: may cause nutrient deficiencies.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
The Nurse Practitioner is conducting a medication reconciliation of a new resident of a
long-term care facility. The Nurse Practitioner notes that the resident takes allopurinol
on a daily basis for the treatment of gout. What is the primary purpose of this drug?
Selected Answer: To balance urate concentration and prevent gout attacks
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
A woman has a long history of seasonal allergies that are typically accompanied by
rhinorrhea, red eyes, and frequent sneezing. Sneezes are a result of
Selected Answer: a CNS reflex that is initiated by receptors in the nasal cavities.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed a Scheduled 5 drug, an example of this drug is
Selected Answer: Antitussives
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is providing discharge planning for a 45-year-old woman who has
a prescription for oral albuterol. The Nurse Practitioner will question the patient about
her intake of which of the following?
Selected Answer: Coffee Question 19
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed lovastatin for a high cholesterol level. The nurse's
teaching plan will include a basic explanation of how the drug produces its therapeutic
effect. The nurse will explain that lovastatin lowers cholesterol levels because it
Selected Answer: inhibits cholesterol syntheses.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
A patient with bronchial asthma is prescribed a sustained-release preparation of
theophylline. To help minimize the adverse effects of the drug, which of the following
should the nurse suggest?
Selected Answer: Take it on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
Question 21
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 78-year-old patient with renal insufficiency and
chronic heart failure who is receiving rapid infusions of high-dose furosemide. It will be
a priority for the Nurse Practitioner to monitor for
Selected Answer: ototoxicity.
Question 22
1 out of 1 points
A 39-year-old African-American male is 25 pounds overweight and has been diagnosed
with hypertension after three consecutive above-normal blood pressure readings. The
most likely initial drug therapy for this patient will be
Selected Answer: a diuretic.
Question 23
1 out of 1 points
A homeless man who is well known to care providers at the local hospital has been
admitted to the emergency department after having a seizure outside a mall. The man is
known to be a heavy alcohol user and is malnourished with a very low body mass index.
How are this patient's characteristics likely to influence possible treatment with
phenytoin?
Selected
Answer:
The patient's protein deficit will likely increase the levels of the free
drug in his blood.
Question 24
1 out of 1 points
A 70-year-old man with diabetes mellitus is taking metoprolol (Lopressor) to manage
his hypertension. The nurse would be sure to instruct the patient to
Selected Answer: understand the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Question 25
1 out of 1 pointsA normal maintenance dose for digoxin is 0.125 to 0.5 mg/day. In which of the following
patients would the nurse most likely administer a lower-than-normal maintenance dose
of digoxin?
Selected Answer: A 79-year-old male with cardiomegaly
Question 26
1 out of 1 points
A 72-year-old man is prescribed theophylline for symptomatic relief of bronchial
asthma. Which of the following findings would alert the nurse to the need for close
monitoring?
Selected Answer: Enlarged prostate gland
Question 27
1 out of 1 points
A patient with unstable angina pectoris who is NOT controlled with a nitrate would
likely benefit most from the addition of:
Selected Answer: 2.
Beta blocker
Question 28
1 out of 1 points
A 58-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department. A diagnosis of severe
digoxin toxicity is made. Bradycardia is present, and an electrocardiogram (ECG)
confirms toxicity. The nurse will administer which of the following drugs?
Selected Answer: Digoxin immune fab
Question 29
1 out of 1 points
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe chest pain. The
emergency department physician orders intravenous nitroglycerin 5 mcg/min, titrate
dose by 5 mcg/min every 3 to 5 minutes per infusion pump as needed. Before
administering the nitroglycerin, the nurse should prioritize which of the following
assessments?
Selected Answer: Blood pressure
Question 30
1 out of 1 points
An elderly postsurgical patient has developed postoperative pneumonia in the days
following abdominal surgery and is being treated with a number of medications. Which
of the following medications that the nurse will administer has the slowest absorption?
Selected
Answer:
An oral antidepressant that the patient has been taking daily for
several years
Question 31
1 out of 1 pointsThe lower respiratory system utilizes a number of different mechanisms that confer
protection and maintain homeostasis. Which of the following physiological processes
protects the lower respiratory system?
Selected
Answer:
Cilia sweep foreign material and mucus upward toward the trachea
and larynx where they can then be swallowed.
Question 32
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner has administered a medication to a patient with hypertension. The
prescribed drug is supposed to decrease cardiac output. A decrease in cardiac output
would most likely
Selected Answer: decrease the amount of circulating blood sent through the kidneys.
Question 33
1 out of 1 points
A 76-year-old woman has a complex medical history that includes emphysema,
osteoporosis, malnutrition, and hypothyroidism. Recently, the woman fell outside her
home as a result of weakness and suffered a fracture to her femoral head. The woman's
subsequent hip-replacement surgery has been scheduled and the care team recognizes
that the use of isoflurane will be most significantly influenced by
Selected Answer: her history of emphysema.
Question 34
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed a drug that can be self-administered at home. Which of
the following would be the most important information for the nurse to relate to the
patient concerning self-administration of a drug?
Selected Answer: The therapeutic effects and possible adverse effects
Question 35
1 out of 1 points
The APRN is treating a patient with type 2 diabetes. The patient is on the maximum
dose of metformin and glucotrol. Current weight 212 pounds. Labs from this
morning indicate a fasting blood sugar of 312 and HbA1C of 9. The APRN wants to start
the patient on Lantus 0.2 unit/kg. What dose and instructions should the APRN
provide?
Selected Answer: Give 19 units of Lantus subcutaneously prior to bedtime.
Question 36
1 out of 1 points
A Native American man who lives a traditional lifestyle is scheduled to have heart
surgery. The tribal chief has requested that the tribe's medicine man perform a ritual
before the patient goes to surgery. The nurse's response to this request should be
Selected
Answer:
"As long as the ritual does not interfere with the patient's
preoperative care, it will be okay."
Question 371 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed rabeprazole (Aciphex). It will be important for the nurse
to assess the patient's drug history to determine if the patient is taking which of the
following drugs?
Selected Answer: Digoxin
Question 38
1 out of 1 points
A 46-year-old white American has been prescribed a drug that binds to acid
glycoproteins. The nurse understands that white Americans usually receive
Selected Answer: a higher-than-normal dose of drugs that bind to acid
glycoproteins.
Question 39
1 out of 1 points
A patient has GERD and is taking ranitidine (Zantac). She continues to have gastric
discomfort and asks whether she can take an antacid. Which of the following is an
appropriate response by the nurse?
Selected
Answer:
"Yes, but be sure to wait at least 2 hours to take the antacid after you
take the ranitidine."
Question 40
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who is taking digoxin and a loop diuretic.
Which of the following would be most important for the Nurse Practitioner to monitor?
Selected Answer: Potassium levels
Question 41
1 out of 1 points
A 60-year-old man has scheduled a follow-up appointment with his primary care
provider stating that the omeprazole (Prilosec) which he was recently prescribed is
ineffective. The patient states, "I take it as soon as I feel heartburn coming on, but it
doesn't seem to help at all." How should the nurse best respond to this patient's
statement?
Selected
Answer:
"Prilosec will help your heartburn but it's not designed to provide
immediate relief of specific episodes of heartburn."
Question 42
1 out of 1 points
What critical piece of information is missing from the following medication order:
Amoxicillin 250 mg every 8 hours?
Selected Answer: Route
Question 43
1 out of 1 pointsA male patient is to begin glyburide (Diabeta) for type 2 diabetes. Before the drug
therapy begins, a priority action by the nurse will be to assess the patient's
Selected Answer: use of alcohol.
Question 44
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is overseeing the care of a young man whose ulcerative colitis is
being treated with oral prednisone. Which of the following actions should the Nurse
Practitioner take in order to minimize the potential for adverse drug effects and risks
associated with prednisone treatment?
Selected Answer: Carefully assess the patient for infections
Question 45
1 out of 1 points
Mr. Tan is a 69-year-old man who prides himself in maintaining an active lifestyle and a
healthy diet that includes adequate fluid intake. However, Mr. Tan states that he has
experienced occasional constipation in recent months. What remedy should be the
nurse's first suggestion?
Selected Answer: A bulk-forming (fiber) laxative
Question 46
1 out of 1 points
Frequent episodes of exercise-related chest pain have caused a 79-year-old woman to
use her prescribed nitroglycerin spray several times in recent weeks. This patient's age
will have what effect on her use of nitroglycerin?
Selected
Answer:
The woman will be more susceptible to hypotension than a younger
patient.
Question 47
1 out of 1 points
A 24-year-old factory worker has been prescribed guaifenesin for the first time. Which
of the following will be a priority assessment by the nurse before the patient's first
dose?
Selected Answer: The amount of alcohol consumption
Question 48
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner who provides care in a long-term care facility is documenting a
new resident's medication regimen on the resident's intake admission. The Nurse
Practitioner is documenting the generic, rather than proprietary, names of the resident's
current drugs because
Selected
Answer:
there is a potential for confusion and miscommunication if
proprietary names are used.
Question 49
1 out of 1 pointsA female patient, age 36, is prescribed inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for daily use. Which
of the following adverse effects should the nurse closely monitor for in this patient?
Selected Answer: Oropharyngeal Candida albicans infection
Question 50
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed an oral drug that is known to have a high first-pass effect.
Which of the following measures has the potential to increase the amount of the free
drug that is available to body cells?
Selected Answer: Administering the drug intravenously rather than orally
Question 51
1 out of 1 points
Mr. Penny, age 67, was diagnosed with chronic angina several months ago and has been
unable to experience adequate relief of his symptoms. As a result, his physician has
prescribed ranolazine (Ranexa). Which of the following statements is true regarding the
use of ranolazine for the treatment of this patient's angina?
Selected
Answer:
Mr. Penny requires concurrent treatment with a beta blocker, nitrate,
or a calcium channel blocker.
Question 52
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with
hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has been prescribed. Before the drug
therapy is started, the nurse will assess for which of the following?
Selected Answer: History of taking anticoagulant drugs
Question 53
1 out of 1 points
A 72-year-old man is taking Adderall XR for the treatment of narcolepsy. He is currently
having problems with not being able to swallow large tablets or capsules. The man also
wears dentures, which makes it even more difficult for him to swallow medication. He is
in the clinic to talk to the nurse about his problem. The nurse will instruct him to
Selected Answer: open the capsule and sprinkle the beads in applesauce.
Question 54
1 out of 1 points
The APRN should educate a diabetic patient that beta blockers may mask the signs and
symptoms of
Selected Answer: hypoglycemia
Question 55
1 out of 1 pointsA Nurse Practitioner is providing patient education to a 35-year-old man who has been
prescribed clonidine (Catapres) as part of step 2 antihypertensive therapy. The Nurse
Practitioner should anticipate that the drug will be administered
Selected Answer: transdermally.
Question 56
1 out of 1 points
Mesalamine (Asacol) is prescribed for a 22-year-old woman with Crohn disease. The
nurse will discuss with the patient the possibility for which of the following adverse
effects related to the new drug therapy?
Selected Answer: Hair loss
Question 57
1 out of 1 points
Which statement is FALSE regarding the treatment of hyperthyroidism?
Selected
Answer:
Methimazole (Tapazole) is the drug of choice for pregnant or
lactating females.
Question 58
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is administering drugs to a 70-year-old patient who has a reduced
plasma albumin level. When assessing the patient for therapeutic outcomes of drug
therapy, the Nurse Practitioner will also be careful to observe for
Selected Answer: possible drug toxicity.
Question 59
1 out of 1 points
A 79-year-old woman with a medical history that includes osteoporosis has recently
moved to a long-term care facility. Medication reconciliation indicates that the woman
has been taking calcitonin, salmon for several years. The nurse should recognize that
the most likely route for the administration of this drug is
Selected Answer: intranasal.
Question 60
1 out of 1 points
A teenage boy has undergone a diagnostic workup following several months of
persistent, bloody diarrhea that appears to lack an infectious etiology. The boy has also
experienced intermittent abdominal pain and has lost almost 15 pounds this year.
Which of the following medications is most likely to treat this boy's diagnosis?
Selected Answer: Mesalamine
Question 61
1 out of 1 points
A Nurse Practitioner is instructing a patient concerning a newly prescribed drug. Which
of the following should be included to help improve patient compliance and safety?Selected
Answer:
Measures to alleviate any discomfort associated with adverse
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