Otitis media pathogens ans: Caused by: S. Pneumoniae (most common); H. Influenzae, M. Catarrhils
Otitis media Symptoms: ans: Fever, Pain, discharge
... [Show More] from ear, tugging at ear, irritability, crying, lethargy, decreased appetite, decreased sleep, Recent URI
Objective findings in otitis media ans: Red, bulging OM; Retracted with pus; no movement of TM, Inability to see landmarks; occasional hole in TM
Treatment for AOM + Conjunctivitis d/t : H. Influenzae ans: Amoxicillin-clavulanate 80-90 mg/kg/day BID x 10 days
Treatment for AOM d/t S. Pneumoniae (most common): ans: Amoxicillin 80-90 mg/kg/day BID x 10 days (high dose)
Treatment for AOM with PCN Allergy: Non-Type 1: ans: Cefdinir, Cefuroxime
Treatment for AOM with PCN Allergy: Type 1: ans: Azithromycin, clarithromycin OR Ceftriaxone 1-3 days
Predisposing factors of otitis externa: ans: Frequent moisture, local trauma, aggressive cleaning, Allergies/skin conditions
Causative organisms for otitis externa: ans: Psuedomonas aeruginosa (20-60%); Staphylococcus Aureus (10-70%); 10% fungal infection
Symptoms of otitis externa: ans: Discharge from ear, recent history of swimming or placing something in the ear, low-grade fever, pain with movement of tragus, decreased hearing, redness around ear
Objective findings of otitis externa: ans: Otalgia ( inner or outer ear pain), discharge, fullness, itching, pain with movement of tragus, redness around ear, decreased hearing.
Treatment of pain and therapeutic management of otitis externa: ans: Warm compresses, Auralgan, prednisone, Tylenol/ibuprofen, Wick (abx applied to wick )
When to wick with otitis externa: ans: If lumen is reduced to >50%, wicks can help ensure delivery of topical abx to medial canal.
Treatment of otitis externa: ans: Topical fluroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin), ibuprofen and apap for pain, neomycin/polymixin b/hydrocortison otic (antibiotic/steroid)
Hallmark sign of otitis externa: ans: Traction of pinna elicits pain
When do we begin hearing tests in clinic for children ans: 4 years old [Show Less]