NURS 4403 Chapter 32: The Toddler and Family
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections
... [Show More] such as otitis media, tonsillitis, and upper respiratory tract infections?
a. Respirations are abdominal.
b. Pulse and respiratory rates are slower than those in infancy.
c. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy.
d. Short, straight internal ear/throat structures and large tonsil/adenoid lymph tissue are present.
2. The psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include:
a. Development of a conscience.
b. Recognition of sex differences.
c. Ability to get along with age mates.
d. Ability to withstand delayed gratification.
3. A parent of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says “no” to everything and has rapid mood swings. If he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. The nurse’s best interpretation of this behavior is that:
a. This is normal behavior for his age.
b. This is unusual behavior for his age.
c. He is not effectively coping with stress.
d. He is showing he needs more attention.
4. The nurse is planning care for a 17-month-old child. According to Piaget, in what stage would the nurse expect the child to be?
a. Trust c. Secondary circular reaction
b. Preoperations d. Tertiary circular reaction
5. What describes a toddler’s cognitive development at age 20 months?
a. Searches for an object only if he or she sees it being hidden
b. Realizes that “out of sight” is not out of reach
c. Puts objects into a container but cannot take them out
d. Understands the passage of time such as “just a minute” and “in an hour”
6. Although a 14-month-old girl received a shock from an electrical outlet recently, her parents find her about to place a paper clip in another outlet. The best interpretation of this behavior is that:
a. Her cognitive development is delayed.
b. This is typical behavior because toddlers are not very developed.
c. This is typical behavior because of inability to transfer knowledge to new situations.
d. This is not typical behavior because toddlers should know better than to repeat an act that caused pain.
7. Two toddlers are playing in a sandbox when one child suddenly grabs a toy from the other child. The best interpretation of this behavior is that:
a. This is typical behavior because toddlers are aggressive.
b. This is typical behavior because toddlers are egocentric.
c. Toddlers should know that sharing toys is expected of them.
d. Toddlers should have the cognitive ability to know right from wrong.
8. Which statement about toilet training is correct?
a. Bladder training is usually accomplished before bowel training.
b. Wanting to please the parent helps motivate the child to use the toilet.
c. Watching older siblings use the toilet confuses the child.
d. Children must be forced to sit on the toilet when first learning.
9. Which characteristic best describes the gross motor skills of a 24-month-old child?
a. Skips c. Broad jumps
b. Rides tricycle d. Walks up and down stairs
10. In the clinic waiting room, a nurse observes a parent showing an 18-month-old child how to make a tower out of blocks. In this situation the nurse should recognize that:
a. Blocks at this age are used primarily for throwing.
b. Toddlers are too young to imitate the behavior of others.
c. Toddlers are capable of building a tower of blocks.
d. Toddlers are too young to build a tower of blocks.
11. The parents of a newborn say that their toddler “hates the baby . . . he suggested that we put him in the trash can so the trash truck could take him away.” The nurse’s best reply is:
a. “Let’s see if we can figure out why he hates the new baby.”
b. “That’s a strong statement to come from such a small boy.”
c. “Let’s refer him to counseling to work this hatred out. It’s not a normal response.”
d. “That is a normal response to the birth of a sibling. Let’s look at ways to deal with this.”
12. A toddler’s parent asks the nurse for suggestions on dealing with temper tantrums. The most appropriate recommendation is to:
a. Punish the child.
b. Leave the child alone until the tantrum is over.
c. Ignore the behavior, provided that it is not injurious.
d. Explain to child that this is wrong.
13. A parent asks the nurse about how to respond to negativism in toddlers. The most appropriate recommendation is to:
a. Punish the child.
b. Provide more attention.
c. Ask child not always to say “no.”
d. Reduce the opportunities for a “no” answer.
14. The parents of a 2-year-old tell the nurse that they are concerned because the toddler has started to use “baby talk” since the arrival of their new baby. The nurse should recommend that the parents:
a. Ignore the “baby talk.”
b. Explain to the toddler that “baby talk” is for babies.
c. Tell the toddler frequently, “You are a big kid now.”
d. Encourage the toddler to practice more advanced patterns of speech.
15. Parents tell the nurse that their toddler daughter eats little at mealtimes, only sits at the table with the family briefly, and wants snacks “all the time.” The nurse should recommend that the parents:
a. Give her planned, frequent, and nutritious snacks.
b. Offer rewards for eating at mealtimes.
c. Avoid snacks so she is hungry at mealtimes.
d. Explain to her in a firm manner what is expected of her.
16. A father tells the nurse that his daughter wants the same plate and cup used at every meal, even if they go to a restaurant. The nurse should explain that this is:
a. A sign that the child is spoiled. c. Regression, common at this age.
b. A way to exert unhealthy control. d. Ritualism, common at this age.
17. Developmentally, most children at age 12 months:
a. Use a spoon adeptly.
b. Relinquish the bottle voluntarily.
c. Eat the same food as the rest of the family.
d. Reject all solid food in preference to the bottle.
18. The most effective way to clean a toddler’s teeth is for the:
a. Child to brush regularly with toothpaste of his or her choice.
b. Parent to stabilize the chin with one hand and brush with the other.
c. Parent to brush the mandibular occlusive surfaces, leaving the rest for the child.
d. Parent to brush the front labial surfaces, leaving the rest for the child.
19. The nurse is discussing with a parent group the importance of fluoride for healthy teeth. The nurse should recommend that the parents:
a. Use fluoridated mouth rinses in children older than 1 year.
b. Have children brush teeth with fluoridated toothpaste unless fluoride content of water supply is adequate.
c. Give fluoride supplements to breastfed infants beginning at age 1 month.
d. Determine whether water supply is fluoridated.
20. An appropriate recommendation in preventing tooth decay in young children is to:
a. Substitute raisins for candy.
b. Serve sweets after a meal.
c. Use honey or molasses instead of refined sugar.
d. Serve sweets between meals.
21. The leading cause of death during the toddler period is:
a. Injuries. c. Congenital disorders.
b. Infectious diseases. d. Childhood diseases.
22. The nurse recommends to parents that peanuts are not a good snack food for toddlers. The nurse’s rationale for this action is that:
a. They are low in nutritive value. c. They cannot be entirely digested.
b. They are very high in sodium. d. They can be easily aspirated.
23. The parent of 16-month-old Chris asks, “What is the best way to keep Chris from getting into our medicines at home?” The nurse should advise that:
a. “All medicines should be locked securely away.”
b. “The medicines should be placed in high cabinets.”
c. “Chris just needs to be taught not to touch medicines.”
d. “Medicines should not be kept in the homes of small children.”
24. The most fatal type of burn in the toddler age-group is:
a. Flame burn from playing with matches.
b. Scald burn from high-temperature tap water.
c. Hot object burn from cigarettes or irons.
d. Electric burn from electrical outlets.
25. The mother of a 14-month-old child is concerned because the child's appetite has decreased. The best response for the nurse to make to the mother is:
a. "It is important for your toddler to eat three meals a day and nothing in between.”
b. "It is not unusual for toddlers to eat less."
c. "Be sure to increase your child's milk consumption, which will improve nutrition."
d. "Giving your child a multivitamin supplement daily will increase your toddler's appetite."
26. Which toy is the most developmentally appropriate for an 18- to 24-month-old child?
a. A push-pull toy c. A bicycle with training wheels
b. Nesting blocks d. A computer
27. What is the primary purpose of a transitional object?
a. It helps the parents deal with the guilt they feel when they leave the child.
b. It keeps the child quiet at bedtime.
c. It is effective in decreasing anxiety in the toddler.
d. It decreases negativism and tantrums in the toddler.
28. Which comments indicate that the mother of a toddler needs further teaching about dental care?
a. "We use well water so I give my toddler fluoride supplements."
b. "My toddler brushes his teeth with my help.”
c. "My child will not need a dental checkup until his permanent teeth come in."
d. "I use a small nylon bristle brush for my toddler's teeth."
29. What is helpful to tell a mother who is concerned about preventing sleep problems in her 2- year-old child?
a. Have the child always sleep in a quiet, darkened room.
b. Provide high-carbohydrate snacks before bedtime.
c. Communicate with the child’s daytime caregiver about eliminating the afternoon nap.
d. Use a night-light in the child's room.
30. Steven, 16 months old, falls down a few stairs. He gets up and “scolds” the stairs as if they caused him to fall. This is an example of which of the following?
a. Animism c. Irreversibility
b. Ritualism d. Delayed cognitive development
31. Which should the nurse expect for a toddler’s language development at age 18 months?
a. Vocabulary of 25 words
b. Increasing level of comprehension
c. Use of phrases
d. Approximately one third of speech understandable
32. Kimberly’s parents have been using a rearward-facing, convertible car seat since she was born. The parents should be taught that most car seats can be safely switched to the forward- facing position when the child reaches which age?
a. 1 year c. 3 years
b. 2 years d. 4 years
33. Which play item should the nurse bring from the playroom to a hospitalized toddler in isolation?
a. Small plastic Legos c. Brightly colored balloon
b. Set of large plastic building blocks d. Coloring book and crayons
34. A nurse places some x-ray contrast the toddler is to drink in a small cup instead of a large cup. Which concept of a toddler’s preoperational thinking is the nurse using?
a. Inability to conserve c. Centration
b. Magical thinking d. Irreversibility
35. Parents need further teaching about the use of car safety seats if they make which statement?
a. “Even if our toddler helps buckle the straps, we will double-check the fastenings.”
b. “We won’t start the car until everyone is properly restrained.”
c. “We won’t need to use the car seat on short trips to the store.”
d. “We will anchor the car seat to the car’s anchoring system.”
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
36. Which are characteristic of the physical development of a 30-month-old child (select all that apply)?
a. Birth weight has doubled.
b. Primary dentition is complete.
c. Sphincter control is achieved.
d. Anterior fontanel is open.
e. Length from birth is doubled.
37. Motor vehicle injuries are a significant threat to young children. Knowing this, the nurse plans a teaching session with a toddler’s parents on car safety. Which will she teach (select all that apply)?
a. Secure in a rear-facing, upright, car safety seat.
b. Place the car safety seat in the rear seat, behind the driver’s seat.
c. Harness safety straps should be fit snugly.
d. Place the car safety seat in the front passenger seat equipped with an air bag.
e. After the age of 2 years, toddlers can be placed in a forward-facing car seat.
38. The nurse is assessing parental knowledge of temper tantrums. Which are true statements regarding temper tantrums (select all that apply)?
a. Temper tantrums are a common response to anger and frustration in toddlers.
b. Temper tantrums often include screaming, kicking, throwing things, and head banging.
c. Parents can effectively manage temper tantrums by giving in to the child’s demands.
d. Children having temper tantrums should be safely isolated and ignored.
e. Parents can learn to anticipate times when tantrums are more likely to occur.
39. A nurse is planning care for a hospitalized toddler in the preoperational thinking stage. Which characteristics should the nurse expect in this stage (select all that apply)?
a. Concrete thinking
b. Egocentrism
c. Animism
d. Magical thinking
e. Ability to reason
40. Which should the nurse teach to parents of toddlers about accidental poison prevention (select all that apply)?
a. Keep toxic substances in the garage.
b. Discard empty poison containers.
c. Know the number of the nearest poison control center.
d. Remove colorful labels from containers of toxic substances.
e. Caution child against eating nonedible items, such as plants.
41. Which gross motor milestones should the nurse assess in an 18-month-old child (select all that apply)?
a. Jumps in place with both feet
b. Takes a few steps on tiptoe
c. Throws ball overhand without falling
d. Pulls and pushes toys
e. Stands on one foot momentarily [Show Less]