NURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 2 4 / 4 pts Common practice for in-text citations for a single author using APA style includes:
... [Show More] (author last name, year of publication) (author last name, first initial, year of publication) (author last name, first name, page number) The correct in text citation is (authors's last name, year of publication) In APA format, which one of these statements is not true about the references page: The title of the references page is Bibliography, and should be centered at the top if the page and not in bold font. References should be placed in alphabetical order by author last name. A digital object identifier (DOI) or website for the journal article referenced should be placed at the end of every journal article reference if available. The name of the journal should be italicized and major words should be capitalized. Question 3 4 / 4 pts A conceptual definition of a variable is defined in the review of literature. also considered to be the intervention. influencing the selection of the sample. the systematic investigation of relationship. A conceptual definition is the beginning understanding of a concept, it is very broad and what it means to you and to me and to others. Question 1 4 / 4 ptsNURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 5 4 / 4 pts Question 6 4 / 4 pts A nurse planning a research project wants to know more about their sample. Which of the following would be considered a demographic variable? Pain intensity Socioeconomic status Heart rate Oral temperature Demographic variables describe the characteristics of the sample. Some include age, education, race, ethnicity, income, etc A nurse hypothesizes that the presence of social support from family affects the pain perception of hospitalized patients. What is the dependent variable in this hypothesis? social support hospitalized patients pain perception family members The pain perception depends (IV) upon the social support from the family. Subjects who volunteered to receive an experimental treatment for pancreatic cancer are educated about essential study information, assessed for understanding of this information, and asked to willingly participate in the research study. This process is known as: informed consent coercion Question 4 4 / 4 ptsNURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 7 4 / 4 pts Question 8 4 / 4 pts institutional review deception Informed consent includes disclosure to the subject of essential study information, comprehension of this information by the subject, competence of the subject to give consent, and voluntary consent of the subject to participate in the study. A contractual agreement is what the researcher and the participant enter into once the subject signs the informed consent. A debriefing takes place after the study is over and addresses any concerns that the subject has as a result of participation in the study. Legal liability is the extent to which the researcher might be held accountable for any harm to subjects as a result of participation in the study. A questionnaire has an ID number in one corner that allows the research team to identify the subject. This is an example of: right to privacy. confidentiality. deception. informed consent. Confidentiality is the safe management of private information shared by a subject. The researcher must refrain from sharing that information without the authorization of the subject. Research findings need to be reported so that a subject or group of subjects cannot be identified. Complete anonymity exists if the subject’s identity cannot be linked, even by the researcher, with his or her individual responses. Deception is deliberately not disclosing all aspects of the study to the subjects. Informed consent means that the subject has been told about all aspects of the study including the risk/benefit ratio and agrees to participate. One example of a research population with diminished autonomy (vulnerability) would be: college students. members of a senior citizen center. mentally ill patients.NURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 9 4 / 4 pts Question 10 4 / 4 pts Question 11 4 / 4 pts middle-aged women. Children, the mentally impaired, and unconscious patients are legally and mentally incompetent to give informed consent. College students would not be considered a vulnerable population. The members of a senior citizen center would not be considered a vulnerable population. The purpose of an institutional review board (IRB) is to: determine the extent to which human rights will be protected in a study. critique the research methods of a study. determine the appropriate journals for publication of the study. review the costs associated with an institutional study. The functions of an IRB involve reviewing research to determine whether the rights and welfare of the subjects were protected, the methods used to secure informed consent were appropriate, and the potential benefits of the study were greater than the risks. The IRB examines studies for ethical concerns. Their job is to protect human subjects, not critique the research methods. A research hypothesis: predicts the expected results or outcomes of the study defines the theoretical framework for the study is used to determine relationships in a study clarifies the gap in the literature in the study The research hypothesis states there is a relationship between two or more variables. The hypothesis translates the research problem and purpose into a clear explanation or prediction of the expected results or outcomes of the study. Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis: "Cancer patients who receive music therapy complain less frequently of pain and require less pain medication than cancer patients not receiving music therapy."NURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 12 4 / 4 pts Question 13 4 / 4 pts Relaxation therapy Complaints of pain Pain medication use Music therapy An independent variable is a stimulus or activity that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an effect on the dependent variable. In this example, music therapy is the "treatment" that is being used to manipulate frequency of pain and amount of required pain medication. A friend asks you to explain the difference between a conceptual definition and an operational definition of anxiety. You help her to understand these concepts by providing her with the following operational definition of anxiety. An overwhelming feeling of uneasiness A score above 40 on the Anxiety Inventory Discomfort at the highest level A sense of fear An operational definition is the measurement of the concept. Nursing students in a research course are learning about problem statements. To be considered researchable, a problem must: include an ethical dimension. deal with patient outcomes rather than social issues. be clearly defined as the gap in knowledge. be a clear, concise statement of the specific goal or focus of the study. In order to conduct a research study the gap (problem) must have clarity.NURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 15 4 / 4 pts Question 16 4 / 4 pts Which of the following questions is important to ask when determining the significance of the research problem? What will it cost to complete the study? Is there an available pool of subjects? Does the researcher have the necessary expertise? Will the findings influence nursing practice? If the problem affects care in nursing so that patients and nurses are more satisfied, it is significant. A nurse researcher is planning his purpose statement for his correlational study. He knows it should include the: setting and statistics that will be used. theoretical framework and measuring tools to be used. variables and type of subjects desired for the study. research design and approach for obtaining consent. The components that should be identified within the purpose statement are all variables, the population, and the setting. A nursing student is planning to conduct a review of the literature for a research study. One of the main purposes of conducting a review of the literature is to: determine existing knowledge on the topic. help select an optimum sample size. discover an instrument for data collection that has been used many times. Question 14 4 / 4 ptsNURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 17 4 / 4 pts Question 19 4 / 4 pts Question 20 4 / 4 pts give the researcher insight into what data analysis techniques should be used. In order to know what the problem (gap in our knowledge) we must determine what is known and what is not known. The concept of causality would be important in which of the following research designs? Experimental Phenomenological Descriptive Time dimensional Question 18 4 / 4 pts Which of the following study designs focuses on finding a cause and effect relationship among variables, but uses a lower level of control? quasi-experimental experimental descriptive phenomenology A nurse researcher wants to design a study that looks at the relationship between two variables. She is considering an experimental research design. True False A nursing student is reading a study with an experimental research design. Which one of the following is a necessary requirement for experimental designs?NURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 21 4 / 4 pts Question 22 4 / 4 pts Manipulation of the independent variable Attrition Comparison of naturally occurring groups Convenience sample Which of the following types of studies is considered a qualitative study? Ethnographic Methodological Comparative Correlational If a researcher wants to understand what it is like to undergo chemotherapy from the patient's perspective of their lived experience, the study design is: phenomenology ethnography quantitative descriptive historical research Question 23 4 / 4 pts A researcher designs a study as a quantitative descriptive study. Which of the following would NOT typically be part of the research methodology for the study? Finding a representative sample. Describing a causal effect between the variables. Clear conceptual definition of study variables. Using valid and reliable instruments.NURS 4325 Knowledge Check #1 Chapters 1-8/APA Question 24 4 / 4 pts Question 25 4 / 4 pts A representative sample is part of a descriptive design. The primary intent of a descriptive study is to describe or explain phenomena of interest. A descriptive study has no control group or intervention. Which of the following would be considered to be a research hypothesis? What was the state of the art of medicine and nursing regarding childhood malnutrition in the late 19th and early 20th century? Study aims were to determine the risk of breast feeding cessation over time. Were there improvements in outcome data in caregivers' level of heart failure caregiving burden, confidence and preparedness in providing heart failure home care? The participants will decrease tobacco consumption at the end of the intervention compared to baseline. A nursing research student is evaluating a research framework that is explicitly started in a research article. All of these statements describe the purpose of a research framework EXCEPT: to guide the development of a study. it is tested within the study. to guide the selection of the inferential statistics. it links the findings of the study back to nursing's body of knowledge. [Show Less]