NURS 403 - Final Exam With Complete Solutions 2024.
What are the four lobes of the brain? - ANSWER Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Where is the
... [Show More] frontal lobe located & what is it responsible for? - ANSWER Front of the
brain
Motor movement and personality
Where is the parietal lobe located & what is it responbile for? - ANSWER Behind frontal
lobe & above temporal lobes
Sensation & Perception
Where is the temporal lobe located and what is it responsible for? - ANSWER Side of the
brain, below parietal lobe and posterior to frontal lobe.
Sound recognition, speech, (Brocas and Wernickes area) and short term memory
NURS 403 - Final Exam With Complete Solutions 2024
Where is the occipital lobe located and what is it responsible for? - ANSWER Posterior
portion of the skull behind all other lobes
Vision
What does the brainstem consist of? - ANSWER The pons, medulla, and midbrain
Basic functioning occurs and all motor/sensory information is relayed. 10/12 cranial nerves
sit here
Midbrain processes auditory and visual signals
Medulla controls HR, RR, BP
Pons controls RR / sleep-wake cycle
Where is the cerebellum located and what is it responsible for? - ANSWER Its located
inferior to the occipital lobe. It is responsible for coordination of movement.
Issues with this will result in problems w/ gait, unsteadiness.
What is the cerebral perfusion pressure? - ANSWER Pressure neeedd to ensure blood flow
to the brain
Normal CPP is 60-100mmHg
Less than 50 will result in ischemia to the brain
Less than 30 is incompatible with life
Formula for CPP is MAP - ICP = CPP
What's a normal cerebral perfusion pressure? - ANSWER 60-100 mmHg
What's the formula for Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)? - ANSWER MAP - ICP = CPP
Should be between 60-100 mmHg
What is autoregulation? - ANSWER the ability of tissues to regulate their own blood
supply despite changes in perfusion (either constrict or dilate)
What are the layers of the meninges? - ANSWER dura mater (top)
arachnoid mater (middle)
pia mater (closest to brain)
Where is an epidural hematoma? - ANSWER Between the skull and the dura mater
*Emergent* - requires surgery to save their life
Where is a Subdural Hematoma? - ANSWER between dura and arachnoid space
Often associated with *venous* injuries
Where is a subarachnoid hemorrhage? - ANSWER Between the arachnoid mater and pia
mater
Often associated with *aneurysms*
How would intracranial pressure (ICP) be defined? - ANSWER The hydrostatic force
measured in the brains compartments / pressure in the head.
What is a normal ICP reference range? - ANSWER 0-15 mmHg
At what ICP level would you intervene for treatment? - ANSWER If the ICP is greater than
20 mmHg
What is the Monro-Kellie Doctrine? - ANSWER idea that the head is a closed shell and the
three major components (brain, blood, and CSF) are in a state of dynamic equilibrium
- as the volume of one goes up, the volume of another must go down
This compensatory mechanism can only go on for so long. [Show Less]