NURS/318 Focus on Maternity Exam
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Focus on Maternity Exam
1.
The home care nurse
... [Show More] is instructing a client with hyperemesis gravidarum about measures to ease
the nausea and vomiting. What does the nurse tell the client to do?
A. Eat foods high in calories and fat
B. Lie down for at least 20 minutes after meals
C. Eat carbohydrates such as cereals, rice, and pasta Correct
D. Consume primarily soups and liquids at mealtimes
Rationale: Low-fat foods and easily digested carbohydrates such as fruit, breads, cereals, rice,
and pasta provide important nutrients and help prevent a low blood glucose level, which can
cause nausea. Soups and other liquids should be taken between meals to avoid distending the
stomach and triggering nausea. Sitting upright after meals reduces gastric reflux. Additionally,
food portions should be small and foods with strong odors should be eliminated from the diet,
because food smells often incite nausea.
Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and focus on the client’s diagnosis and
the subject, ways to ease and prevent nausea and vomiting. Knowing that foods high in fat may
be difficult to digest will assist you in eliminating this option. Next eliminate the option that
involves consuming primarily soups and fluids at meals, recalling that liquids will cause
distention of the stomach. To select from the remaining options, recall that lying down after
meals can cause gastric reflux; this will direct you to the correct option.
Review: preventing nausea and vomiting
Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
Content Area: Maternity/Antepartum
Giddens Concepts: Fluid and Electrolytes, Nutrition
HESI Concepts: Fluids and Electrolytes, Nutrition
2.
The nurse is caring for a client with preeclampsia who is receiving a magnesium sulfate
infusion to prevent eclampsia. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the medication
is effective?
A. Clonus is present.
B. Magnesium level is 10 mg/dL (4.11 mmol/L).
C. Deep tendon reflexes are absent.
D. The client experiences diuresis within 24 to 48 hours. Correct
Rationale: Magnesium sulfate is effective in preventing seizures (eclampsia) if diuresis occurs
within 24 to 48 hours of the start of the infusion. As part of the therapeutic response, renal
perfusion is increased and the client is free of visual disturbances, headache, epigastric pain,
clonus (the rapid rhythmic jerking motion of the foot that occurs when the client’s lower leg is
supported and the foot is sharply dorsiflexed), and seizure activity. Hyperreflexia indicates
cerebral irritability. Clonus is normally not present. The therapeutic magnesium level is 4 to 8
mg/dL (1.64 to 3.29 mmol/L). Reflexes range from 1+ to 2+ but should not be absent.
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, client with preeclampsia. Use the process of
elimination and focus on the strategic word“effective”. This indicates that the action of the
medication is appropriate. Recalling the actions of this medication and expected assessment
findings after a client receives magnesium sulfate will direct you to this option.
Review: magnesium sulfate infusion
Level of Cognitive Ability: Evaluating
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Evaluation
Content Area: Pharmacology
Giddens Concepts: Evidence, Perfusion
HESI Concepts: Evidence-Based Practice/Evidence, Perfusion/Clotting
3.
A client with preeclampsia who is receiving magnesium sulfate in an intravenous infusion
exhibits signs of magnesium toxicity. The nurse immediately prepares for the administration
of:
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Calcium gluconate Correc [Show Less]