NURS 247 Exam 2 Pediatrics Questions and Answers- College of Southern Nevada
Test #2 PEDS
Question 1
A nurse is preparing for the admission of a child
... [Show More] with a diagnosis of acute-stage Kawasaki
disease. On assessment of the child, the nurse expects to note which clinical manifestation of the
acute stage of the disease?
Conjunctival hyperemia
Question 2
Which signs and symptoms would lead a nurse to suspect a child has tetralogy of Fallot? Select
all that apply.
Murmur
History of squatting
Cyanosis
Tachypnea
Question 3
A nurse is caring for an infant with congenital heart disease is monitoring the infant closely for
signs of congestive heart failure (CHF). The nurse assess the infant for which early sign of CHF?
Tachycardia
Question 4
A child with Kawasaki disease is receiving low-dose aspirin. The mother calls the clinic and
states that the child has been exposed to influenza. Which recommendation should the nurse
make? Select all that apply.
Stop the aspirin
Watch for fever.
Question 5
Discharge teaching for a 3-month old with a cardiac defect who is to receive digoxin should
include which information? Select all that apply.
Give medications at regular intervals.
Notify the healthcare provider of poor feeding or vomiting.
Notify the healthcare provider if more than two consecutive doses are missed.
Question 6
When developing the discharge teaching plan for a child with chronic renal failure and the
family, the nurse should emphasize restriction of which nutrient?
Phosphorus
Question 7
A nurse is developing a plan of care who is at risk for seizures. Which interventions apply if the
child has a seizure? Select all that apply.
Time the seizure
Stay with the child
Move furniture away from the child
Question 8
A nurse develops a plan of care for a child at risk for tonic-clonic seizures. In the plan of care,
the nurse identifies seizure precautions and documents that which items need to be placed at the
child’s bedside.
Suction equipment and oxygen
Question 9
A nurse is caring for an infant with a diagnosis of hydrocephalus. Preoperatively, a priority
nursing intervention is to:
Reposition the infant frequently
Question 10
A 10-year-old child with asthma is treated for acute exacerbation in the ER. A nurse caring for
the child monitors for which of the following, knowing it indicates the worsening of the
condition?
Decreased wheezing
Question 11
Which assessment findings should alert the nurse to suspect that a toddler is experiencing
respiratory distress? Select all that apply.
Coughing
Respiratory rate of 45
Restlessness
Diaphoresis
Question 12
When preparing the teaching plan for the mother of a child with asthma, what information should
the nurse include as a sign to alert the mother that her child is having an asthma attack?
Wheezing on expiration.
Question 13
Which factor, if described by the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis, indicates understanding
the underlying problem of the disease?
An abnormality in the body’s mucus secreting glands
Question 14
What type of diet should the nurse teach the parents to give an older infant with cystic fibrosis?
High-calorie diet
Question 15
A new mother expresses concern to a nurse regarding sudden infant syndrome (SIDS). She asks
the nurse how to position her new infant for sleep. The nurse appropriately tells the mother that
the infant should be placed on the:
Back rather than on the stomach.
Question 16
The mother of a hospitalized 2-year-old with CROUP ask a nurse why the physician did not
prescribe antibiotics. The appropriate response is:
“Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present”
Question 17
A child with laryngotracheobronchitis (CROUP) is placed in a cool mist tent. The mother
becomes concerned because the child is frightened, consistently crying and trying to climb out of
the tent. The appropriate nursing action is to:
Let the mother hold the child and direct the cool mist over the child’s face
Question 18
A nurse is preparing for the admission of an infant with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis caused by
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which interventions would the nurse include in the plan of
care? Select all that apply.
Place the infant in a private room
Ensure that nurses caring for the infant with RSV do not care for other high-risk children.
Question 19
A 7-year old child with a history of asthma controlled without medications is referred to the
school nurse by the teacher because of persistent coughing. What should the nurse do first?
Call a parent to obtain more information.
Question 20
When providing end-of-life care to a 4-year-old child who is dying of cancer, which of the
following interventions would the nurse utilize to ensure that she is providing adequate pain
control?
Encourage the child to verbalize pain by using the appropriate pain scale
Question 21
A nurse is caring for a 9-year-old patient who is considered a fall risk because of her history of
seizures. Which of the following interventions should be implemented to prevent falls in a
pediatric patient? Select all that apply.
Keep the patient’s bed in the lowest position
Provide non-slip socks for the patient to wear while ambulating
Move furniture and room items so that there is a clear walkway
Question 22
A nurse is caring for a baby who was born 72 hours ago. The nurse notes that the child has not
had a bowel movement or has passed meconium stool on her shift. She checks the records and
notes that the child has not had any bowel movements documented since he was born. What
action should the nurse perform next?
Contact the physician and report the situation
Question 23
The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the
nurse that her bandage is “too wet.” The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood.
What nursing action is most appropriate to institute initially?
Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.
Question 24
The nurse is administering digoxin as ordered and the child vomits the dose. What should the
nurse do next?
Administer next dose as ordered in 12 hours.
Question 25
A physician orders a medication dosage that is above the safe dosage range. The nurse
administers the medication without questioning the dosage. What error did the nurse make?
The nurse violated one of the “rights” of medication administration due to not calculating the
dosage based on patient's safe range.
Question 26
A child is upset because, when the cast is removed from her leg, the skin surface is caked with
desquamated skin and sebaceous secretions. What technique should the nurse suggest to remove
this material?
Soak in the bathtub
Question 27
A child is being cared for in the ICU after suffering a head injury. The patient requires a
ventilator and he is sedated. The child is at risk of pressure ulcers because of his immobility.
Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate to prevent skin breakdown in
this child?
Turn or reposition the child in bed every 2 hours
Question 28
Parents bring a 7-year-old child to the clinic for evaluation of an injured wrist after a bicycle
accident. The parents and child are upset, and the child will not allow an examination of the
injured arm. What priority nursing intervention should occur at this time?
Calmly ask the child to point to where the pain is worse and to wiggle his fingers.
Question 29
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old boy who has undergone an appendectomy. The child is
unwilling to use the incentive spirometer. Which approach would be most appropriate to elicit
the child’s cooperation?
“Can you blow this cotton ball across the tray?”
Question 30
The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl who is in an isolation room. Which intervention would
be a priority intervention for this child?
Provide age-appropriate toys and games.
Question 31
The nurse is caring for infants having the condition failure to thrive (FTT). Which infants would
be at risk for this condition? Select all that apply.
A newborn baby with tetralogy of Fallot
An infant with a cleft palate
An infant born to an impoverished mother
An infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Question 32
A nurse is working with a family whose child has an intellectual disability that occurred as a
result of trauma. Which of the following situations would best describe an example of this type
of event?
Falling down a flight of stairs
Question 33
A nurse is reviewing the policies for safety with a family who’s 1-year-old child has been
admitted to the pediatric unit. Which information would the nurse most likely give to the parents
about maintaining the child’s safety while he is a patient in the pediatric unit?
Parents who are staying with the child should not fall asleep while holding the child, but should
keep him in his bed
Question 34
The nurse is performing a health history on a 6-year-old boy who is having trouble adjusting to
school. Which question would be most likely to elicit valuable information?
“What are your new classmates like?”
Question 35
Bacterial pneumonia is suspected in a 4-year-old boy with fever, headache, and chest pain.
Which assessment finding would most likely indicate the need for this child to be hospitalized?
Tachypnea with retractions
Question 36
Which of the following situations would involve mandatory reporting?
A nurse suspects that an 11-year-old child is being abused in his home
Question 37
The nurse is providing teaching for the mother of an infant who receives all of his nutrition
through a tube. The nurse is reviewing interventions to promote growth and development. Which
response from the mother indicates and need for further teaching?
“We need to keep feeding time very quiet.”
Question 38
The nurse is administering pain medication for an 8 year old child with continuous pain from
internal injuries. Which method would be ordered to dispense the medication?
Administer the medication around the clock at timed intervals
Question 39
The student nurse is learning about the effects of heat and cold when used in a pain management
plan. What accurately describes one of these effects?
Cold alters capillary permeability.
Question 40
An 8-year-old is undergoing surgery for an appendectomy. Which of the following best explains
informed consent when caring for this child?
The child participates in the decision making about the procedure.
Question 41
When assessing a 2-year-old child with a Wilms Tumor, what should the nurse avoid?
Palpating the child’s abdomen
Question 42
A nurse is assessing an 8-year old with diabetes who is experiencing hyperglycemia. Which
symptoms indicate that hypoglycemia requires immediate intervention. Select all that apply.
Weakness
Thirst
Dizziness
Question 43
A clinic nurse reads the results of a Mantoux test on a 3-year-old child. The results indicate an
area of induration measuring 10mm. The nurse would interpret these results as:
Positive
Question 44
A nurse is performing a clinic intake assessment on a 16-year-old patient. When the nurse asks
the patient about alcohol consumption, the patient admits that he sometimes drinks to excess
with his friends. Which response should the nurse utilize to talk about this topic with the patient?
Explain short- and long-term effects of alcohol use on health
Question 45
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old girl with special care needs in the hospital. Which
intervention would have the most positive effect on this child?
Helping her do a simple craft project
Question 46
A nurse is working with the family of a 1-day-old infant who was born prematurely and who is
dying, which of the following interventions would most likely demonstrate that the nurse
recognizes the family’s grief in this situation?
Letting the family baptize the child and dress him
Question 47
The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 13-year-old girl who is questioning everything the medical
staff is doing and is resistant to treatment. How should the nurse respond?
“Let’s work together to plan your day along with your treatments.”
Question 48
The nurse is teaching the student nurse how to perform a physical assessment based on the
child’s developmental stage. Which statement accurately describes a recommended guideline for
setting the tone of the examination for a school-age-child?
Include the child in all parts of the examination, speak to the caregiver before and after the
examination.
Question 49
The parents of a 12-year-old girl complain to the nurse that their daughter never listens to them
when they talk. Which of the following skills should the nurse teach to the parents about conflict
resolution with their child?
Practice active listening with the child
Question 50
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old girl who has been hospitalized for over a week with severe
burns. Which would be a priority intervention to help satisfy this preschool child’s basic needs?
Explain necessary procedures in a simple language that she will understand.
Question 51
The nurse is performing a health history on a 6-year-old boy who is having trouble adjusting to
school. Which question would be most likely to elicit valuable information?
“Do you like your new school?”
Question 52
M.B. is a 17 year old patient who is being seen for a sports physical. He is accompanied by his
parents who are present while the nurse takes the patient’s history. The nurse notes a certain
amount of tension when discussing the teen’s high-risk behaviors. The nurse wants to establish a
relationship of confidentiality with the patient, in case he wants to discuss private matters but
doesn’t want to talk in front of his parents. Which one of the following statements made by the
nurse is correct?
“You can have your parents stay while I examine you or they can wait outside until we are done."
Question 52
The parents of a child with autism talk with a nurse about their feelings of being overwhelmed in
caring for their child. They state that they do not get a break from their child, his needs are
almost more than they can handle, and they are considering divorce. Which of the following
initial responses from the nurse is most important?
“You may want to talk with a respite provider who can care for your child sometimes.”
Question 53
The nurse is caring for children who are receiving IV therapy in the hospital setting. For which
children would a central venous device be indicated?
A child who is receiving chemotherapy for leukemia
Question 54
A 3-year-old child with a tracheostomy will soon be discharged. What most important
recommendation should the nurse share with the family?
Avoid exposure to noxious fumes such as paint or varnish.
Question 55
A 16-year-old patient is being seen for treatment of an inguinal hernia. The patient’s parents are
with him while he talks to the physician but he does not want the recommended treatment. The
parents are considering his position as a mature minor to let him make the decision. Which of the
following best describes a mature minor?
A minor patient who is considered developmentally old enough to make the decision to consent
or refuse.
Question 56
A community health nurse is teaching a new mother about caring for her baby. The mother is
worried about her child developing food allergies and asks the nurse what she can do to prevent
it. Which information is most appropriate in this situation?
Tell the mother not to introduce solid foods in the baby’s diet until he is at least 4 to 6 months’
old
Question 57
The nurse has developed a plan of care for a 6-year-old with muscular dystrophy. He was
recently injured when he fell out of bed at home. Which intervention would the nurse suggest to
prevent further injury?
Recommend raising the bed’s side rails when a caregiver is not present.
Question 58
The nurse is preparing a presentation to a local parent group about pediatric health supervision.
Which would the nurse emphasize as the focus?
Injury prevention or wellness? Correct answer Injury prevention, however if you selected
wellness you can fight it b/c of textbook
Question 59
The nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a diabetic child. Which would be the
recommended route for this administration?
Subcutaneous
Question 60
The nurse is preparing to obtain a blood specimen via capillary heel puncture. Which action
would be most appropriate for the nurse to do?
Wipe away the first drop of blood with dry gauze.
Question 61
The nurse tells a joke to a 12-year-old to distract him from a painful procedure. What pain
management technique is the nurse using?
Distraction
Question 62
Prior to administering morphine to a 10-year-old child, the nurse reviews the adverse effects of
the drug. Which system is primarily affected by the drug, causing most of the adverse effects?
Central nervous system
Question 63
A 4-year-old child is being prepared for surgery for an umbilical hernia repair. Which best
identifies the most appropriate method of providing comfort for a child before surgery?
Allow a support person, such as a parent, to remain with the child as long as possible
Question 64
The nurse is weighing an underweight infant diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT) and notes
that the baby does not make eye contact and is less active than other infants. What would be a
probable cause for the FTT related to the infant’s body language?
Maternal abuse
Question 65
The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old girl hospitalized in isolation. The nurse notices that she has
begun sucking her thumb and changing her speech patterns to those of a toddler. What condition
is the girl manifesting?
Regression
Question 66
A 14-year-old girl is in the intensive care unit after a spinal cord injury 2 days ago. What nursing
intervention is a priority for this child?
Monitoring and maintaining systemic blood pressure
Question 67
A community health nurse provides screening for a family whose child has a likelihood of
developing cystic fibrosis because of their genetic background. Which of the following
community health intervention does this describe?
Risk identification
Question 68
A nurse who works in the newborn nursery must check a blood glucose level on an infant. The
nurse performs the heel stick using a retractable lancet. Following the procedure, what should the
nurse do with the lancet?
Place it in a sharps container
Question 69
The nurse is performing a physical examination on a sleeping newborn. Which body system
should the nurse examine last?
Throat
Question 70
A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with pertussis. Which type of precautions
should the nurse take when caring for this child?
Droplet precautions
Question 71
A 7-year old girl is being seen at a healthcare clinic; the nurse suspects that the child is being
neglected and physically abused at home. Beyond physical markings on the child, which of the
following can also indicate signs of a child being abused or neglected? Select all that apply.
The patient is wearing dirty, poorly-fitted clothes
The patient misses school approximately once per week
The child has body odor and rotting teeth
Question 72
A nurse who works in the pediatric unit walks into a 3-year-old patient’s room and finds him
lying on the floor. His parents are with him and they tell the nurse, “he fell out of bed!” Which
response from the nurse is the most appropriate?
Assist the patient back to bed, assess him for injuries and file an incident report
Question 73
The nurse is conducting a physical examination in the ER of a child following a comprehensive
health history. What should be the focus of the physical examination?
Chief complaint
Question 74
Which would be least effective in gaining the cooperation of a toddler during a physical
examination?
Tell the child that another child the same age wasn’t afraid.
Question 75
The nurse is preparing a nursing care plan for an 8-year old child hospitalized for cardiac
surgery. Which are examples of interventions that nurses perform in the “building a trusting
relationship” stage? Select all that apply.
Preparing the child for a procedure by playing games
Explaining in simple terms what will be happening during surgery
Giving the child a favorite toy to cuddle with following a painful procedure
Question 76
A nurse is caring for a 13-year-old girl who is sexually active and whose partner is her 19-yearold boyfriend. The girl asks the nurse not to tell her parents about her sexual activity. This
patient’s situation is best described as:
statutory rape
Question 77
A nurse has just administered medication via an orogastric tube. What is the priority nursing
action following administration?
Flush the tube.
Question 78
Which of the following best describes the role of a child life specialist on an interdisciplinary
team?
A person who helps a child and his family to prepare for procedures and hospitalization in a
developmentally appropriate way.
Question 79
A 4-year-old boy has a febrile seizure during a well-child visit. What action would be a priority?
Protecting the child from harm during the seizure
Question 80
The nurse is teaching the mother of a 5-year-old boy with a history of impaction how to
administer enemas at home. Which response from the mother indicates a need for further
teaching?
“I should position him on his abdomen with knees bent.”
Question 81
The nurse is explaining to the student nurse the therapeutic effects of total parenteral nutrition
(TPN). What accurately describes the use of TPN?
It is a highly concentrated solution of carbohydrates, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals.
Question 82
The nurse uses the FLACC behavioral scale to assess a 6-year-old’s level of postoperative pain
and obtains a score of 9. The nurse interprets this to indicate that the child is experiencing:
Severe pain
Question 83
A school-aged child with an infectious disease is placed on transmission-based precautions.
Which nursing diagnosis would be the priority?
Social isolation related to infectivity and inability to go to the playroom
Question 84
The nurse is teaching the family of an infant with cerebral palsy how to administer a Diazepam
(Valium) pill by gastrostomy tube. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select
all that apply)
The pill should be crushed and mixed with a small amount of water.
Question 85
The nurse is preparing to administer medication to a child with a gastronomy tube in place. What
is a recommended guideline for this procedure? Select all that apply.
Verify proper tube placement prior to instilling medication.
Crush tablets and mix with warm water to prevent tube occlusion.
Open up capsules and mix the contents with warm water
Flush the tube with water after administering medications
Question 86
The nurse working in the emergency room monitors the admission of children. Statistically, for
which disorder would children younger than 5 most commonly be admitted?
Respiratory disorders
Question 87
The nurse is caring for a toddler with special needs. Which developmental tasks related to
toddlerhood might be delayed in the child with special needs?
Developing language and motor skills
Question 88
The nurse is caring for a special needs infant. Which intervention will be most important in
helping the child reach her maximum developmental potential?
Directing her parents to an early intervention program
Question 89
The parents of a 4-month old infant cannot visit except on weekends. What action by the nurse
indicates an understanding of the emotional needs of a young infant?
Assign her to the same nurse as much as possible
Question 90
The nurse is providing home care for a 1-year-old girl who is technologically dependent. Which
intervention will best support the family process?
Creating schedules for therapies and interventions
Question 91
The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old boy hospitalized or a bone marrow transplant. His parents
are in and out of his room throughout the day. Which behaviors of the child would alert the nurse
that he is in the second stage of separation anxiety?
He sits quietly and is uninterested in playing and eating.
Question 92
A mother has brought her 5-year-old son into the healthcare clinic for a physical to prepare for
kindergarten. The nurse is reviewing the child’s immunization history and notes that he has had
one MMR vaccine in his life. Which response of the nurse is the most appropriate?
“He will need one MMR before he starts kindergarten.”
Question 93
After teaching a class on the role of white blood cells in infection, the instructor determines that
the teaching was successful when the class identifies which type of white blood cells as
important in combating bacterial infections?
Neutrophils
Question 94
An 11-year-old boy has been diagnosed with depression after his parents’ divorce. The nurse
understands that depression in most children of this age most commonly manifests as:
Lack of interest with friends and families
Question 95
During the health history, the mother of a 4-month-old child tells the nurse she is concerned that
her baby is not doing what he should be at this age. What is the nurse’s best response?
“Tell me what concerns you.”
Question 96
What is the role of the peer group in the life of school-age children?
Provides them with security as they gain independence from their parents.
Question 97
For which child would nonopioid analgesics be recommended?
A child with juvenile arthritis
Question 98
A nurse is working with a child who has a learning disability because she is unable to
discriminate between different speech sounds. This disorder is most accurately described as:
phonological processing deficit
Question 99
The nurse is caring for an 11-year-old child who is experiencing pain related to chemotherapy
treatment. What is a behavioral factor that might affect the child’s pain experience?
Participation in normal routine activities [Show Less]