1. A nurse is teaching a patient about lifestyle changes to manage chronic illness. Which of the following strategies should the nurse use first to help
... [Show More] the patient make a commitment to theses lifestyle changes?
A. Identify the risks of non-adherence
B. Schedule learning sessions to demonstrate the psychomotor skills the patient will need
C. Provide clearly written and easy to understand materials
D. Help the patient identify ways that changes will result in positive personal outcomes. - Answer: D
Rationale: Helping the patient identify ways that the changes will promote positive outcomes should precede other education strategies for making the changes.
2. A nurse is teaching a middle aged adult patient about health promotion and disease prevention. The nurse should inform the patient that which of the following changes could occur?
A. Increased tone of the large intestines.
B. Decreased estrogen and testosterone production.
C. Increased percentage of the body's muscle mass.
D. Decreased incidence of chronic illnesses. - Answer: B
Rationale:
A: increases in middle-age
C: muscle mass decreases
D: there is an increased likelihood of developing illness
3. A nurse is explaining Piaget's theory of cognitive development to a group of daycare providers for employees' children at an acute care facility. Which of the following activities should the nurse include as an example of concrete operational thinking?
A. Playing in the sand
B. Playing dress-up with old clothes
C. Collecting and trading game cards
D. Describing interpersonal relationships. - Answer: C
Rationale: Collecting and trading game cards requires the person to know what to collect, what to trade, and what has value using operational thinking. This is stages 7-11
A: sensorimotor stage, birth-2yrs. B: pre-operational thinking stage 2-7yrs.
D: abstract thought 11 and beyond.
4. A nurse is teaching a group of young adults. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an expected developmental task for this age group?
A. Independent moral development
B. Acceptance of body changes
C. Strengthening ties with the family of origin D. Development of concrete reasoning - Answer: A
Rationale: according to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, making individual decisions about moral issues is a function of the highest level of moral development, the post-conventional level. Young adults make their own decisions according to personal beliefs and principles.
B: is in adolescence
C: young adults need to develop intimacy outside of the family
D: concrete thinking develops during middle childhood
5. A nurse is evaluating the development of a group of patients. According to Erikson, the developmental task of intimacy vs. isolation occurs during which of the following stages of development?
A. Middle adulthood
B. Adolescence
C. Childhood
D. Young adulthood - Answer: D
Rationale: young adulthood= intimacy vs isolation. Middle adulthood=generativity vs self-absorption and stagnation. Adolescence=identity vs roe confusion. School-age = industry vs inferiority
6. A nurse is assessing a patient who is postoperative. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as in indication that the patient is experiencing pain?
A. Diarrhea
B. Pupillary Constriction
C. Flushing
D. Grimacing - Answer: D
Rationale: Besides the patient's report of pain, facial expressions such as grimacing, clenching the jaw, and lip biting can be indications of pain
7. A nurse is caring for a patient who has injuries resulting rom a motor-vehicle crash. Which of the following patient statements should the nurse address first?
A. "I'm afraid this injury will cause me to lose my job."
B. "I can't sleep well because whenever I move in my sleep, the pain wakes up."
C. "I don't know what I will do if my car isn't safe or even drivable after the crash."
D. "I wonder how I am going to be ale to take acre of my family." - Answer: B
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is to meet the patient's physiological need for comfort. The nurse should re-evaluate the patient's pain management plan immediately. The patient is also at risk for sleep deprivation. [Show Less]