Multidimensional Care II MDC 2 Exam 1 (Latest 2021 ,2022) Rasmussen College
Describe the origin of the following cancers (where in the body)
•
... [Show More] Leukemias and lymphomas – Leukemias arise from organs that form blood and
invade the production of the normal blood cells. Lymphomas affect the
lymphocytes, which fight infections and produce enlarged lymph nodes in the
armpits, chest, abdomen, and groin.
• Carcinomas – originate in the epithelial cells of the skin, lungs, liver, kidneys,
stomach, breast, prostate, and thyroid and are likely to metastasize
• Sarcomas – originate in soft tissues such as the muscles, blood vessels, bone,
and connective tissues.
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6. Signs of cancer. Describe each letter in the acronym
• Change in bowel or bladder habits
• A sore that does not heal
• White patches in the mouth or tongue
• Unusual bleeding or discharge
• Thickening or lump in the breast or other location
• Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
• Obvious change in a wart or mole
• Nagging cough or hoarseness
7. Define
a. Primary Tumor: The original tumor is called the primary tumor. It is
usually identified by the tissue from which it arose (parent tissue) such as
in breast cancer or lung cancer. When primary tumors are located in vital
organs such as the brain or lungs, they can grow and either lethally
damage the vital organ or interfere with that organ's ability to perform its
vital function.
b. Metastasis: Metastasis occurs when cancer cells move from the primary
location by breaking off from the original group and establishing remote
colonies.
8. What does cancer grading tell us (correlate with differentiation p. 376-377)
a. Gx_Grade cannot be determined.
b. G1: Tumor cells are well differentiated and closely resemble the normal
cells from which they arose.
This grade is considered a low grade of malignant change.
These tumors are malignant but are relatively slow growing.
c. G2: Tumor cells are moderately differentiated; they still retain some of the
characteristics of normal cells, but also have more malignant
characteristics than do G1 tumor cells.
d. G3: Tumor cells are poorly differentiated, but the tissue of origin can
usually be established.
The cells have few normal cell characteristics.
e. G4: Tumor cells are poorly differentiated and retain no normal cell
characteristics. [Show Less]