A patient is brought to the ED after being hit by a car. He is unresponsive, has shallow breathing, and has an open femur fracture from which he has lost
... [Show More] a significant amount of blood. The nurse anticipates which acid-base imbalance?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis - C
The nurse is evaluating the laboratory work of a patient who has uncontrolled metabolic acidosis. Which outcome would result from this condition?
A. pH 7.40
B. Pao2 98 mm Hg
C. Bicarbonate 38 mEq/L
D. Serum potassium 5.7 mEq/L - D
The nurse is reviewing the standing orders for a patient who was admitted for evaluation of chest pain. The patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and his laboratory results and assessment reveal that he has mild respiratory acidosis. The nurse would question which order?
A. Encourage oral fluids
B. Keep head of bed elevated
C. Oxygen therapy at 4 L/min as needed
D. Bedrest with bathroom privileges only - C
The nurse is reviewing the standing orders for a patient who was admitted for evaluation of chest pain. The patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and his laboratory results and assessment reveal that he has mild respiratory acidosis.
Two days later, the patient's sacral area appears to have an abrasion with skin that is not intact. What is the nurse's best interpretation of this finding?
A. Stage I pressure ulcer
B. Stage II pressure ulcer
C. Stage III pressure ulcer
D. Stage IV pressure ulcer - B
The nurse is reviewing the standing orders for a patient who was admitted for evaluation of chest pain. The patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and his laboratory results and assessment reveal that he has mild respiratory acidosis.
Two days later, the patient's sacral area appears to have an abrasion with skin that is not intact. What is the nurse's best interpretation of this finding?
Which additional intervention does the nurse expect to implement at this time?
A. Applying a transparent film dressing
B. Applying a dry cotton gauze dressing
C. Surgical débridement of the pressure ulcer
D. Administering IV antibiotics every 6 hours - A
An elderly patient with a long history of congestive heart failure is being treated for a pressure ulcer over the coccyx that is 3 cm wide and 4 cm long, with eschar present. Which is the safest technique that can be used to remove the necrotic tissue?
A. Surgical removal
B. Biologic dressing
C. Continuous dry gauze dressing
D. Dressings along with a topical enzyme preparation - D
Immune function is most efficient when people are which age?
A. Infancy
B. Teen years
C. 20 to 30 years
D. 50 years and older - C
A 37-year-old man with polycystic kidney disease is on the kidney transplant list. He is to receive 2 units of leukocyte-poor packed red blood cells to treat a low hemoglobin. He asks the nurse why he needs this type of blood. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "It causes fewer blood reactions for pre-transplant patients."
B. "It is less likely to causes hemolysis, or destruction of the blood cells, after transfusion."
C. "All pre-transplant patients receive leukocyte-poor blood because it is absorbed better by the body."
D. "It will decrease the risk of obtaining white blood cells from the donor that could make it harder for your transplanted kidney to function." - D
True or False: Inflammation means that an infection is always present.
A. True
B. False - B [Show Less]