NUR155 Exam 4 With Verified Questions And Answers
Drug side effects - (secondary effect) Expected and treated; may be harmless or potentially
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harmful
Adverse reactions - (adverse effects) aren't expected, deadly; may justify the
discontinuation of the drug
drug toxicity - (harmful effects of a drug on an organism or tissue) too much/overdose;
ingention of a drug intended for external use or buildup of the drug in the blood because of
impaired metabolism or excretion; elderly/kids at risk, kidney/liver
Allergy (Drug) - anaphylactic reaction (occurs immediately after the drug is administered),
doesn't mean you had side effects of a drug
Drug interactions - occurs when the administration of one drug before, at the same time as,
or after another drug alters the effect of one or both drugs; contraindications, drug
compatibility
half-life - amount of time for half the med to get out of the body
onset - the time it takes for the med to start work
peak plasma level - highest level of med. PO (30-60) IV (med is done)
Trough - Right before dose (lowest amount)
Absorption - the process by which a drug passed into the bloodstream; first step in the
movement of the drug through the body
Distribution - o the transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action
Biotransformation (metabolism) - process by which a drug is converted to a less active
form, mostly takes place in the liver- products called metabolites
Excretion - the process by which metabolites and drugs are eliminated from the body
Drug classification - Prescription and OTC
Generic name or Trade/Brand name
What system is used in KY for tracking controlled substances - CASPER
Who writes medication orders? - Physicians
What developmental status's effect drug action? - pregnancy, kids (immune body systems),
older adults (decreased renal function *start low go slow*- safety tops on pill bottles
How does sex effect drug action - Males = more protein & metabolize faster; females = more
adipose tissue
How do genes effect drug action? - genetic testing
How does diet affection drug action - Absorption
Psychological factors that effect drug actions - think it won't work, won't take certain meds,
generic vs brand names
what disease effect drug action? - Cancer, circulatory issues, gut, renal, liver
how does time of administration effect drug action - some drugs have to be taken with food
or without food, or am/pm
Oral medication route - o SAFEST ROUTE/MOST CONVIENENT - does not break skin barrier
o Tablets - can be scored/crushed as long as not enteric coated
o Capsules, liquid
o Sublingual(under tongue - NITROGLYCERIN)
o Buccal(Cheek)
o Enteral - tube feed, crushed or liquid
Transdermal meds - o Applied to skin, local and maybe systemic effects
o Lotion, creams, ointments, patches
o Soap/water, gloves, pat dry and apply
o Wrap in glove and put in sharps container
o Rotate sites
Parenteral - Injected VIA -
§ Intradermal - under the epidermis (into the dermis)
§ Subcutaneous - into the subcutaneous tissue, just below the skin
§ Intramuscular - into a muscle
§ Intravenous - into a vein
What do you do when an allergic reaction occurs? - Give Benadryl permission is not required
Topical meds - o Skin/body cavity
o Eye - Lower and outer. Ointment is applied in to out
o Ear - 3+ up & back, -3 down & back
o Vagina - Need to go up by cervix
o Rectum - lube always, make sure not melted or too cold
o Nose - blow before, slow inhale
STAT means? - within 15 minutes ASAP
Single order means? - one time only
Standing order means? - there if needed in an emergency
PRN means? - as needed [Show Less]