Chapters: 7 – Quality of Life; 9 – Family Caregiving; 16 – Health Promotion; and 22 – Palliative Care
Chapters: 25 – Skin; 28, 29, 30 –
... [Show More] Respiratory; 35- Cardiac
A. CAUTION – mnemonic for warning signs of cancer
• C is a change in bowel or bladder habits
• A is a sore that never heals
• U is unusual discharge or bleeding
• T is thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
• I is indigestion or dysphagia
• O is an obvious change in mole or wart
• N is a nagging cough or hoarseness
B. Know the impacts/considerations/applications in client care for Quality of Life, Health Promotion, and Palliative Care (8 domains of palliative care – handout, barriers to palliative care)
• Quality of Life
o Impacts/consideration
Varies from person to person (subjective and objective): defined as a person’s satisfaction or dissatisfaction related to their functional ability
Circumstances, experiences, and stages of life contribute to positive and negative subjective quality of life
Consider appraisal of one’s own life, identification of physical, psychological, and social satisfaction, and objective measures to enhance personal evaluation
Chronic illness places a burden on patients and their families typically leading to a decreased QOL
o Application
Appropriate measurement is crucial
Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS)
• a multidimensional measurement tool to help patients accurately report symptoms, functioning, and HRQOL to their healthcare providers
Allow patients to make choices, apply motivational interviewing, customize medication and treatment regimes
o Health Promotion
Impacts/consideration
• Health promotion is a multidimensional concept that focuses on maintaining or improving the health of individuals, families, and communities.
• Defining health promotion in chronic illness
• US stance
o The CDC emphasizes that chronic diseases are among the most common, costly, and preventable of all health problems.
o Four modifiable health-risk behaviors:
lack of physical activity
poor nutrition
tobacco use
excessive alcohol consumption
• Challenges and Barriers
o Many risks to health—obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, cancer, and other chronic conditions—result from failure to engage in preventive care. More closely articulated preventive, public health, and policy programs are needed to promote a healthy life.
o Reported barriers to health screening and other preventive care must be addressed.
o Unfortunately, many people in the United States do not have easy access to healthy foods and safe, convenient places to exercise.
o Other barriers exist for health screening, such as fear and embarrassment
o Problems with health literacy are commonplace in our society.
Application/intervention
• Interventions include
o Motivational interviewing
o Motivational factors
o Health coaching
o Mass-media campaigns
o Web-based campaigns
o contracts
• Health literacy
o Increased health literacy
o Seven steps to address the barriers
(1) increasing sensitivity to the problem; (2) developing a literacy-assessment protocol; (3) creating and evaluating materials for the target populations; (4) providing clear communication; (5) including health literacy in nursing curricula; (6) fostering decision making with patients; and (7) conducting research into literacy [Show Less]