NUR 265 - Ch. 5, 6, 7, 8, & 9 (Quiz 2 Material)
- Phenomenology
- Grounded theory
- Ethnography
- Community participatory research Correct Answer:
... [Show More] The different qualitative research methods include:
Phenomenological method Correct Answer: - A process of learning and constructing the meaning of human experience through intensive dialogue with persons who are living the experience
- Rests on the assumption that there is a structure and essence to shared experiences that can be narrated
- Researcher's goal = to understand the meaning of the experience as it is lived by the participant
- These studies usually incorporate data bout the lived space, or spatiality; the lived body, or corporeality; lived time, or temporality; and lived human relations, or relationally
- Meaning = pursued through a process of dialog
- There are many schools of phenomenological research
- Researchers ask questions about the lived experience and use methods that explore phenomena as they are embedded in people's lives and environments
Bracketed Correct Answer: The researcher identifies their own personal biases about the phenomenon of interest to clarify how personal experience and beliefs may color what is heard and reported
Data saturation Correct Answer: - The situation of obtaining the full range of themes from the participants, so that in interviewing additional participants, no new data emerge
- Guides decisions regarding how many interviews are enough
Grounded theory method Correct Answer: - An inductive approach involving a systematic set of procedures to arrive at a theory about basic social processes
- Based on observations and perceptions of the social scene and evolves during data collection and analysis
- Describes a research approach to construct theory where no theory exists, or where existing theories fail to provide evidence
- Used in many disciplines
- The usefulness of the study stems from the transferability of theories, a theory derived from one study is applicable to another
Theoretical sampling Correct Answer: Used to select experiences that will help the researcher to test hunches and ideas and to gather complete information about developing concepts
Constant comparative method Correct Answer: Process by which coded data are continuously compared with new data as they are acquired during research
Ethnographic method Correct Answer: - Focuses on scientific description and interpretation of cultural or social groups and systems
- Derived from the Greek term ethnos, meaning people, race, or cultural group
- Goal of the ethnographer = to understand the research pariticipant's view of their world
- This approach requires that the researcher enter the world of the study participants to watch what happens, listen to what is said, ask questions, and collect data
- Nurses use this method to study cultural variation in health and patient groups as subcultures within larger social contexts
Ethnography Correct Answer: Term used to mean both the research technique and the product of that technique - that is, the study itself
Emic view Correct Answer: The insider's view
Etic view Correct Answer: The outsider's view; obtained when the researcher uses quantitative analysis of behavior
Key informants Correct Answer: Individuals who have special knowledge, status, or communication skills, and who are willing to teach the ethnographer about the phenomenon
Community participatory research (CBPR) Correct Answer: - A research method that systematically accesses the voice of a community to plan context-appropriate action
- Provides an alternative to traditional research approaches that assume a phenomenon may be separated from its context for purpose of study
- Investigators recognize that engaging members of a study population as active and equal participants is crucial for the research process to be a means of facilitating change
- Change or action is the intended end product of CBPR
- Many scholars consider CBPR to be a type of action research
- Three phases of the research process: Look, think, and act
- Photovoice: A tool that can be used to foster trust and capacity building for community-led solutions to environment and health issues
Domains Correct Answer: Symbolic categories that include smaller categories
Rigor Correct Answer: - Ensures there is a correlation between the steps of the research process and the actual study
- A means of demonstrating the credibility and integrity of the qualitative research process
- Credibility
- Auditability
- Fittingness
- Trustworthiness Correct Answer: Criteria for judging scientific rigor:
Credibility Correct Answer: Truth of findings as judged by participants and others within the discipline. For instance, you may find the researcher returning to the participants to share interpretation of findings and query accuracy from the perspective of the persons living the experience
Auditability Correct Answer: Accountability as judged by the adequacy of information leading the reader from the research question and raw data through various steps of analysis to the interpretation of findings. For instance, you should be able to follow the reasoning of the researcher step by step through explicit examples of data, interpretations, and syntheses
Fittingness Correct Answer: Faithfulness to participants' everyday reality, described in enough detail so that others can evaluate importance for practice, research, and theory development. For instance, you will know enough about the human experience being reported that you can decide whether it "rings true" and is useful for guiding your practice
Trustworthiness Correct Answer: - Thick, rich data are essential in order to document the rigor of the research, which is called trustworthiness in a qualitative study
- Ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative inquiry is critical, as qualitative researchers seek to have their work recognized in an evidence-driven world
Mixed methods research Correct Answer: - The use of both qualitative and quantitative methods in one study
- Researchers who choose a mixed methods study choose on the basis of the question
Qualitative research Correct Answer: Type of research that has the ability to contribute to evidence-based practice literature:
Methodology Correct Answer: When critiquing the literature review of a qualitative study, it is important to remember that this component of the study must be critiqued within the context of the qualitative ____________ selected
Credibility Correct Answer: - Were the study purpose and method clearly described?
- Do the participants recognize the experience as their own?
- Has adequate time been allowed to fully understand the phenomenon?
Auditability Correct Answer: - Can the reader follow the researcher's thinking?
- Does the researcher document the research process?
- Is there a logical connection between data and themes?
- Is there a clear description of findings?
- Is there agreement between the findings of the study and the conclusions?
Transferability Correct Answer: - Are the findings applicable outside of the study situation?
- Was the selection of participants described?
- Did participants fit the context of the study?
- Are the results meaningful to individuals not involved in the research?
- Is the strategy used for analysis compatible with the purpose of the study?
Qualitative research Correct Answer: - A broad term that encompasses several different methodologies that share many similarities [Show Less]