What is the normal range of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?
(Ans- 10 - 20 mg/dL
What is the normal range of Creatinine?
(Ans- 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL
What is
... [Show More] the normal range of Creatinine Clearance?
(Ans- 60 - 135 mL/min/sec
What is the normal range of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
(Ans- 90 - 120 mL/min
What is the normal range for Urine Specific Gravity?
(Ans- 1.001 - 1.035
What is the normal range for Hematocrit?
(Ans- Male: 42 - 52%
Female: 37 - 47%
What is the normal range for Hemoglobin?
(Ans- 12 - 18 g/dL
What is the normal range for Platelets?
(Ans- 150,000 - 400,000 cells/mcL
What are causes/risk factors for Glomerulonephritis?
(Ans-
-Diabetic Nephropathy
-Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
-Hypertension
-Goodpasture Syndrome
-Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy
-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
-Infective Endocarditis
-Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
-Viral infections (HIV, hepatitis B and C)
-Polyarteritis
-Wegener's Granulomatosis
-Amyloidosis
-Illegal drug use
What are the manifestations of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN)?
(Ans- Generalized body edema, hypertension, oliguria, hematuria and varying degrees of proteinuria.
What is smoky urine an indicator of?
(Ans- Bleeding in the upper urinary tract.
Where does edema first appear?
(Ans- In low pressure tissues such as those around the eyes (periorbital edema.)
What type of diet should a person with Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis be on?
(Ans- A low protein, low sodium fluid restricted diet.
What is Chronic Glomerulonephritis characterized by?
(Ans- Proteinuria, hematuria and the slow development of uremia because of decreasing renal function. It can progress toward ESRD over a course of several years.
What are the manifestations of Chronic Glomerulonephritis?
(Ans- Varying degrees of hematuria (ranging from microscopic to gross), proteinuria, and urinary excretion of various formed elements, including red blood cells, WBCs, and casts. Increased BUN and serum creatinine levels are common.
What are the preferred diagnostic measures for Chronic Glomerulonephritis?
(Ans- Ultrasound and CT scan.
How do you diagnose the type of Glomerulonephritis present?
(Ans- A comprehensive history, including any recent infection, such as a sore throat, or upper respiratory tract infection, or a diagnosis of diabetes can aid in identifying the type present.
What are the common causes of Nephrotic Syndrome?
(Ans-
-Acute Glomerulonephritis
-Membranous Glomerulopathy
-Primary Nephrotic Syndrome
-Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
-Bee sting
-Pollen
-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
-Leukemia
-Solid tumors of lungs, colon, stomach, breast
-Drugs (captopril, heroin, NSAIDs, penicillamine)
-Bacteria (streptococcal, syphilis)
-Protozoa (malaria)
-Viruses (hepatitis, HIV, mononucleosis)
-Amyloidosis
-Diabetes
-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE [Show Less]