NUR 111 Exam 4 latest complete update A+ graded 2023-2024
Inflammation - answers Is a localized reaction intended to neutralize,
... [Show More] control or eliminate an offending agent.
Inflammatory Response - answers Inflammation is a localized reaction intended to neutralize, control or eliminate an offending agent.
Nonspecific response to injured or dead cells
Eliminates invading pathogens
Allows for tissue repair
Occurs in response to infection or injury
Infection is one way to get inflammation but it is not the only way
Can be acute or chronic
That offening agent may be the persons own body
Not specific
A protecting mechanism that responds to injured or dead cells
Usually occurs in healthy tissue adjacent to the dead cells
Stages of Inflammation - answers 1st stage: Vascular response
Blood vessel response
2nd stage: Cellular Response
White blood cells
Reparative phase
They all happen very close together
Vascular Response - answers Usually localized to the area of injury but can be systemic
Momentary vasoconstriction then lots of Vasodilation
Increased permeability of vasculature
Makes it easier for blood and cells to pass through the blood vessel walls
Increased concentration of blood
Due to the vasoconstriction and permeability
Clotting
Due to platelets rushing to the area that help clot off injury to stop the bleeding
Cellular Response - answers Leukocytes accumulate at site
Due to increased permeability of the blood vessels
Cytokines cause endothelial cells to bind to leukocytes
Cytokines are chemical messengers that tell the brain there is an injury
Leukocytes travel through the capillary into tissue
So you have white blood cells fighting infection in the tissue
Leukocytes engulf invading organisms
Exudate - answers You get exudate with inflammation
If exudate starts containing bacteria and bacterial debris then it becomes puss and is a sign of a bacterial infection and becomes part of your excaudate
Moves into injured area after inflammatory event as part of the cellular response
Carries
Proteins
Fluid
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Macrophages
Granulocytes
Healthy exudate - answers The whole point of it if it is health is to:
Eradicate pathogen
Remove dead tissue debris
Secrete cytokines
Initiate healing
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