Stanhope: Public Health Nursing, 8th Edition
Chapter 32: Vulnerability and Vulnerable Populations: An Overview
Test Bank
MULTIPLE
... [Show More] CHOICE
1. What is implied by the web of causation model?
2. Which is a characteristic of a vulnerable population?
3. The differential vulnerability hypothesis refers to the:
4. Which is an example of a priority population group?
5. An example of a vulnerable group experiencing multiple risk factors is:
6. A 17-year-old pregnant cocaine addict who is homeless is considered:
7. The wide variations in health services and health status between certain population groups are called:
8. What is the primary cause of vulnerability?
9. Which population is most likely to be affected by poverty?
10. A nurse operates a school-based clinic in a local school, making it easier for children to access health care. This is an example of:
11. An example of a health disparity is:
a. Childhood immunization rates
b. High dropout rates
c. Unemployment
d. Income below poverty level ANS: A
High dropout rates, unemployment, and income below poverty level are social conditions that may lead to health disparities.
DIF: COG: Applying REF: 720 OBJ: 2
12. A nurse is developing a one-stop service to meet the needs of a vulnerable group. Which is an example of this type of service?
a. Wrap-around services where mental services are linked
b. Giving all immunizations on a single clinic visit
c. Providing multiple services during a single clinic visit
d. Providing free services to the medically indigent ANS: C
Providing multiple services during a single clinic visit makes services more responsive to the combined effects of social and economic stressors.
DIF: COG: Applying REF: 721 OBJ: 2
13. Which vulnerable group would be most sensitive to adverse effects?
a. Pregnant teenager living with her parents for financial support
b. Poor, older woman with no means of transportation
c. Two-year-old boy of underinsured parents
d. Recently unemployed father of five ANS: B
A poor, older woman with no means of transportation has a combination of risk factors.
DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 725 OBJ: 2
14. Which federal program created support for older and poor Americans?
a. Social Security Act
b. Medicare Amendment
c. Medicaid Amendment
d. Hill-Burton Act ANS: A
This act sought direct payments to eligible individuals to ensure a minimum level of support for people at risk of problems from inadequate financial resources.
DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 722 OBJ: 3
15. A client is self-employed as a mechanic and has limited health insurance coverage. This client is considered:
a. Poor
b. Near poor
c. Medically indigent
d. Uninsured ANS: C
Persons who are self-employed but have inadequate health insurance are considered medically indigent.
DIF: COG: Applying REF: 724 OBJ: 3
16. A mental health nurse working in the 1960s received additional education to provide care for the severely mentally ill in the community because of which legislation?
a. Community Mental Health Centers Act
b. Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Act
c. National Health Planning and Resource Development Act
d. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ANS: A
The Community Mental Health Centers Act funded construction of community mental health centers and training of mental health professionals who provided community-based care for the severely mentally ill individuals who were discharged from state mental hospitals.
DIF: COG: Applying REF: 723 OBJ: 3
17. A nurse considers an audience’s ability to read, comprehend, and act on medical instructions while preparing health education materials. Which factor is the nurse considering?
a. Health literacy
b. Ethnicity
c. Medical training
d. Disparity ANS: A
A measure of a patient’s ability to read, comprehend, and act on medical instructions is health literacy.
DIF: COG: Applying REF: 724 OBJ: 4
18. Which is an example of a social determinant of health?
a. Ethnicity
b. Income
c. Gender
d. Marital status ANS: B
Social determinants of health are such factors as economic status, education, environmental factors, nutrition, stress, and prejudice that lead to resource constraints, poor health, and health risk.
DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 723 OBJ: 4
19. A nurse caring for a homeless population recognizes that those who are homeless:
a. Need more nursing care than other vulnerable groups
b. Have no desire to seek medical care
c. Have even fewer resources than poor people who have adequate housing
d. Are living in despair with no hope or resilience ANS: C
Homeless and marginally housed people must struggle with heavy demands as they try to manage daily life because their resources are limited.
DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 725 OBJ: 4
20. Which demonstrates the removal of a barrier to health care?
a. Discrimination against certain groups
b. Treatment of pets at the same facility
c. Provision of free food at a food bank
d. Providing services for a rural population by using a mobile clinic ANS: D
Barriers to access are policies and financial, geographic, or cultural features of health care that make services difficult to obtain or so unappealing that people do not want to seek care.
Examples of removing barriers include providing extended clinic hours, low-cost or free health services for people who are uninsured or underinsured, transportation, mobile vans, and professional interpreters which can help improve access to care.
DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 724 OBJ: 4
21. A set of actions one undertakes on behalf of another is:
a. Social justice
b. Advocacy
c. Linguistically appropriate health care
d. A waiver ANS: B
A set of actions one undertakes on behalf of another is advocacy.
DIF: COG: Remembering REF: 721 OBJ: 5
22. A nurse works with a group of abused women to enhance their levels of self-esteem. Which level of prevention is being performed?
a. Primary level of prevention
b. Secondary level of prevention
c. Tertiary level of prevention
d. Health promotion ANS: C
Tertiary prevention includes those interventions aimed at disability limitation and rehabilitation from disease, injury, or disability.
DIF: COG: Applying REF: 730 OBJ: 5
23. How can nurses promote social justice?
a. By contacting lawmakers about environmental health issues
b. By assisting at homeless shelters
c. By advocating for policies to improve social conditions
d. By serving on a local coalition to prevent obesity ANS: C
Social justice refers to providing equitable care and social supports for the most disadvantaged members of society. Nurses can function as advocates for policy changes to improve social, economic, and environmental factors that predispose vulnerable populations to poor health.
DIF: COG: Evaluating REF: 721-722 OBJ: 5
24. Which is the most appropriate action for a nurse when planning and implementing care for vulnerable populations?
a. Setting up multiple clinics in a wide geographic area
b. Advising legal consultants on a variety of issues
c. Making laws to protect the homeless
d. Teaching vulnerable individuals strategies to prevent illness and promote health ANS: D
These are some of the multiple roles nurses perform with vulnerable populations.
DIF: COG: Evaluating REF: 728 OBJ: 5
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which trends are occurring among vulnerable populations? Select all that apply.
a. Community-based care and interorganizational partnerships
b. Outreach and case finding
c. Elimination of disparities
d. Culturally and linguistically appropriate care ANS: A, B, D
Elimination of disparities is not a trend related to caring for vulnerable populations.
DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 721 OBJ: 2
2. Which interventions are completed as a nurse “sets the stage” when assessing members of vulnerable population groups? Select all that apply.
a. Creating a comfortable, non-threatening environment
b. Providing culturally and linguistically competent assessment
c. Collaborating with others as appropriate
d. Providing financial and legal advice ANS: A, B, C
Nurses set the stage by creating a comfortable, non-threatening environment, providing culturally and linguistically competent assessment, and collaborating with others as appropriate. A nurse should not provide financial or legal advice.
DIF: COG: Evaluating REF: 727 OBJ: 5 [Show Less]