ANSWERS
Tolerance CORRECT ANSWER increased doses of the medication are required to obtain the same therapeutic response
Physical Dependence CORRECT
... [Show More] ANSWER the body gets used to the drug and you cannot stop it abruptly or else withdrawal will happen. Have to wean person off drug
Addiction CORRECT ANSWER the patient takes the medication not as prescribed, often for pleasure
Most patients... CORRECT ANSWER take opioid medications as prescribed without any issues
PCA pump CORRECT ANSWER Patient controlled analgesic administered intravenously with a machine and a button.
How do PCAs Pumps work? CORRECT ANSWER The patient presses a button and they will get medication. They can only press the button a certain amount of times per hour.
PCA pump order example CORRECT ANSWER Patient can get 1 mg every 8 minutes, but no more than 5 doses per hour
-There are certain lock out features on the pump that will not allow patient medication if they take too many doses.
PCA pump education CORRECT ANSWER The patient may only press PCA button, not family or visitors, even if they think patient in pain.
Medication often given via PCA pump: CORRECT ANSWER Morphine
Opioid Antidote CORRECT ANSWER Naloxone
Adverse effects from opioid use: CORRECT ANSWER respiratory depression
constipation
urinary retention
orthostatic hypotension
biliary colic- muscle spasm
emesis
miosis
cough suppression
increased ICP
itchiness
1st generation antihistamine CORRECT ANSWER diphenhydramine
diphenhydramine will... CORRECT ANSWER make patient sleepy when they take it
2nd generation antihistamines are: CORRECT ANSWER non-drowsy
What do we need to educate patient when they take diphenhydramine? CORRECT ANSWER take in evening before bedtime since it can make patient sleepy.
they should take 2nd generation antihistamine in the morning if they need it.
if they accidentally take it in the morning, they must be advised it will make them sleepy! No driving!
What should patient do if they have daytime sleepiness often CORRECT ANSWER report it to the HCP as there are many medications out there to help with that. Helps to determine cause also!
2nd generation antihistamines (non-drowsy) names? CORRECT ANSWER Cetirizine
Fenofexadine
Loratadine
Antidote for acetaminophen CORRECT ANSWER acetylcysteine
Adverse effects for acetaminophen CORRECT ANSWER Very few at normal disease
Steven Johnsons Syndrome: full body rash from the medication use.
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis: pustules erupt due to drug usage
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: skin peeling and blistering due to medication use
Hepatotoxicity
what should we never take when we use acetaminophen? CORRECT ANSWER alcohol
Early s/s of acetaminophen toxicity CORRECT ANSWER N, V, D, sweating, ABD pain
Late s.s of acetaminophen toxicity CORRECT ANSWER hepatic failure, coma, death
What will happen when we give acetylcysteine for acetaminophen toxicity CORRECT ANSWER all the toxicity s/s will reverse
What might happen if the patient taking a steroid stops taking it cold turkey? CORRECT ANSWER they cannot produce own since adrenal insufficiency occur so they may die from the response! Must wean and taper!
Cushing syndrome is similar to steroid use. What are S/S of Cushing's Syndrome? CORRECT ANSWER moon face
buffalo hump
osteoporosis
hirsutism
obesity
thin skin
striae
ecchymosis and purport
amenorrhea
high blood glucose
high BP
What should patient taking steroids wear? CORRECT ANSWER medical alert bracelet
What must patient keep on them at all times? CORRECT ANSWER Scripts for steroid refill or extra pills! They cannot run out!
A patient taking steroids comes down with the flu. The nurse in the clinic may tell the patient to do what? CORRECT ANSWER Take extra dose of steroids as extra stress situations or illness may need extra steroids and cortisol to help!
A patient leaving the hospital questions the nurse about why he has to use insulin while he is at home since her is not a diabetic, but is taking a steroid. What must the nurse educate here? CORRECT ANSWER Steroids cause hyperglycemia. He must take his blood sugar and use insulin to correct it as needed.
Adverse effects of steroid use CORRECT ANSWER Hyperglycemia
Slows growth in children
hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and edema
Adrenal insuffiency
Osteoporosis
Pneumonia from immunosuppression
Myopathy- increase in muscle due to enlargement
Psychological s/s like memory issues and confusion and depression
Cataracts and glaucoma
PUD [Show Less]