NSG 6320 AGNP BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS (latest)
Assessment Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat (166 Questions) –
South University
... [Show More] Savannah
Question:
Ophthalmoscopic examination of the fundus reveals small, rounded, slightly irregular
red spots embedded in the retina. These findings are consistent with:
superficial retinal hemorrhages.
preretinal hemorrhages.
microaneurysms.
deep retinal hemorrhages. Correct
Explanation:
Deep retinal hemorrhages appear as small, rounded, slightly irregular red spots and are
sometimes called dot or blot hemorrhages. They occur in a deeper layer of the retina
than flame-shaped hemorrhages. Diabetes is a common cause. Superficial retinal
hemorrhages appear as small, linear, flame-shaped, red streaks in the fundi and are
seen in hypertension, papilledema, and occlusion of the retinal vein. Preretinal
hemorrhages lie anteriorly between the retina and the vitreous and are typically larger
than retinal hemorrhages. These hemorrhages obscure any underlying retinal vessel.
Microaneurysms present as tiny, round, red spots commonly seen in and around the
macular area. These are classic in diabetic retinopathy.
Question:
The whispered voice test allows the examiner to screen for:
low frequency hearing loss.
high frequency hearing loss.
general hearing loss. Correct
conductive hearing loss.
Explanation:The whispered voice test for auditory acuity and allows the examiner to screen for
general hearing loss. In the elderly who have presbycusis, high frequency hearing loss is
present. Since consonants are higher frequency sounds than vowels, these sounds are
often missed.
Question:
On examination of the tympanic membrane, a red bulging ear drum is detected. This is
consistent with:
acute otitis externa.
chronic otitis externa.
acute otitis media. Correct
a serous effusion.
Explanation:
A red bulging tympanic membrane may be found in a patient who has acute otitis
media. In acute otitis externa, the canal may be swollen, narrow, moist and pale with
tenderness on touching. The ear drum is intact. In chronic otitis externa, the skin of the
canal may be thickened, red, and pruritic. The ear drum is usually unaffected. With
serous effusion the ear drum appears amber and there usually is no bulging of the
eardrum.
Question:
One of the refractive errors of vision that presents with symptoms of blurriness and
improved with corrective lens, is known as:
hyperopia.
myopia.
strabismus.
astigmatism. Correct
Explanation:
Myopia, nearsightedness, occurs when light rays focus anterior to the retina. Hyperopia,
farsightedness, occurs when light rays focus posterior to the retina. Strabismus,
heterotropia, is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other.
In astigmatism, light rays do not focus correctly on the retina. This causes blurriness.
Question:
Miosis is a term used to describe:the shape of the pupils.
constriction of the pupils. Correct
dilation of the pupils.
symmetry of the pupils.
Explanation:
Miosis refers to constriction of the pupils, mydriasis refers to dilation. Miosis is not
associated with the shape or symmetry of the pupils.
Question:
Otosclerosis is an example of a(n):
conductive hearing loss. Correct
sensorineural hearing loss.
mixed hearing loss.
acquired hearing loss.
Explanation:
Otosclerosis is a hereditary disorder of the labyrinthine capsule in which abnormal bone
growth occurs around the ossicles resulting in fixation of the stapes. The stapes does not
vibrate which reduces sound transmission to the inner ear. This produces a conductive
hearing loss.
Question:
Drooping of the upper eyelid is termed:
an epicanthal fold.
ptosis. Correct
a retracted lid.
ectropion.
Explanation:
Ptosis is a drooping of the upper eyelid and can be caused by myasthenia gravis, damage
to the oculomotor nerve, or to the sympathetic nerve supply (Horner's syndrome). A
weakened muscle, relaxed tissues, and the weight of herniated fat may cause senile
ptosis. Ptosis can also be congenital. An epicanthal fold is a vertical fold of skin that lies
over the medial canthus. A retracted lid is seen as a wide eyed stare. Ectropion is seen
when the lower lid turns outward and exposes the palpebral conjunctiva.
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