NSG 6320 AGNP BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS (latest)
Dermatology (64 questions and answers) – South
University Savannah
Question:
A reddish blue, irregularly
... [Show More] shaped, solid and spongy mass of blood vessels that may be
present at birth and enlarge during the first 10 to 15 months is characteristic of a:
cavernous hemangioma. Correct
strawberry mark.
telangiectasia.
port-wine stain.
Explanation:
A cavernous hemangioma appears as a reddish blue, irregularly shaped, solid and
spongy mass of blood vessels. It may be present at birth, may enlarge during the first 10
to 15 months, and will not involute spontaneously. A port-wine stain is a large, flat,
macular dark red or purplish patch covering the scalp or face, frequently along the
distribution of cranial nerve V and intensifies with crying, exertion, or exposure to heat
or cold. A strawberry mark is a type of hemangioma that has a raised bright red area
with well-defined borders about 2 to 3 cm in diameter. It does not blanch with pressure.
Telangiectasia are caused by vascular dilation and are permanently dilated blood vessels
that are visible on the skin surface.
Question:
A chancre is defined as a:
group of small scattered vesicles.
painless ulceration. Correct
papule of many shapes.
non-tender penile indurated nodule.
Explanation:A chancre is defined as a painless ulceration formed during the primary stages of
syphilis. A group of scattered small vesicles is associated with genital herpes. Papules
appearing in many shapes that can be raised, flat, or cauliflower-like are characteristic
of genital warts (condylomata acuminata). Non-tender indurated nodules are associated
with carcinoma of the penis.
Question:
Transverse depressions of the nail plates, usually bilateral, resulting from temporary
disruption of proximal nail growth from systemic illness is termed:
Terry's nails.
Beau's lines. Correct
Mees' lines.
pitting nails.
Explanation:
Beau's lines are deep grooved lines that run from side to side on the fingernail. They
appear as transverse depressions of the nail plates, usually bilateral, resulting from
temporary disruption of proximal nail growth from systemic illness, such as severe
illness, cold stress in the presence of Reynaud's disease, and trauma. With Terry's nails,
the nail plate turns white with a ground-glass appearance, a distal band of reddish
brown, and obliteration of the lunula. Mees' lines present as curving transverse white
bands that cross the nail parallel to the lunula. They arise from the disrupted matrix of
the proximal nail, vary in width, and move distally as the nail grows out. These lines are
seen in arsenic poisoning, heart failure, Hodgkin’s disease, chemotherapy, carbon
monoxide poisoning, and leprosy. Pitting nails present as punctate depressions of the
nail plate caused by defective layering of the superficial nail plate by the proximal nail
matrix. They may be associated with psoriasis, but also seen in Reiter’s syndrome,
sarcoidosis, alopecia areata, and localized atopic or chemical dermatitis.
Question:
A child has a maculopapular, blotchy rash and on examination of his mouth, red
eruptions with white centers on the buccal mucosa are visualized. These eruptions are
called:rubella spots.
aphthous ulcers.
Pastia's spots.
Koplik spots. Correct
Explanation:
Koplik spots are seen with measles. They are small, white spots (often on a reddened
background) that occur on the inside of the cheeks early in the course of red measles,
rubeola. Pastia's spots are pink or red lines that are formed of confluent petechiae found
in skin creases and are seen in patients who have scarlet fever. Aphthous ulcers are
recurrent small, round, or ovoid ulcers with circumscribed margins, erythematous
haloes, and yellow or gray floors occurring in the mouth.
Question:
When examining the external genitalia of a female patient, excoriations and itchy, small,
red maculopapulares were noted. This lesions may be suggestive of:
genital herpes.
pediculosis pubis. Correct
Chlamydia trachomatis.
genital warts.
Explanation:
Excoriations or itchy, small, red maculopapular suggest pediculosis pubis (lice or
“crabs”). These symptoms are not consistent with those of genital herpes or, warts, or
Chlamydia trachomatis.
Question:
A 75-year-old man presents with several brown, raised, slightly greasy peeling, velvety
appearing lesions on the trunk. These lesions would be classified as:
lichenification.
seborrheic keratoses. Correct
Kaposi's sarcoma.
actinic keratoses.
Explanation:Seborrheic keratoses are common, benign, yellowish to brown, raised lesions that feel
slightly greasy and appear velvety and warty. They usually appear on trunk and face of
the elderly. Actinic keratoses are superficial, flattened papules covered by a dry scale
and can appear pink, gray, or tan in color. They appear on sun exposed skin of older
fair-skinned persons. Lichenification is thickening and roughening of the skin with
increased visibility of normal skin furrows. It can be seen in patients with atopic
dermatitis.
Question:
When assessing the skin, it is noted to be thickened, taut, and shiny in appearance. This
could be associated with:
hypothyroidism.
hyperthyroidism.
psoriasis.
scleroderma. Correct
Explanation:
Scleroderma appears as skin that is thickened, taut, and shiny in appearance. Psoriasis
presents as silvery, scaly papules or plaques, mainly on the extensor surfaces of the skin.
In patients who have hyperthyroidism, the skin has a velvety appearance and is usually
warm to touch. Skin that appears very dry, rough, and cool to touch can be associated
with hypothyroidism.
Question:
The term asteatosis refers to:
skin that appears weather beaten, thickened, yellowed, and deeply furrowed.
skin that is dry, flaky, rough, and often itchy. Correct
raised yellowish lesions that feel greasy and velvety or warty.
painful vesicular lesion
s in a dermatomal distribution.
Explanation:
Physiologic changes of aging include loss of elastic turgor, and wrinkling. Skin that
appears dry, flaky, rough, and itchy is termed asteatosis. Sun exposure can cause [Show Less]
