NSG 6005 Final Exam Questions with Answers
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates:
The official labeling for all prescriptions and
... [Show More] over-the-counter drugs
Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by:
The State Board of Nursing for each state
Electronic health records (EHRs)
Allow for all patient data to be centralized in one location for access by multiple providers
Alterations in drug metabolism among Asians may lead to Slower metabolism of antidepressants, requiring lower doses
Pharmacokinetics among Asians are universal to all the Asian ethnic groups.
B. False
Gender differences between men and women in pharmacokinetics include:
Higher proportion of body fat so that lipophilic drugs have relatively greater volumes of distribution
The factor that has the greatest effect on males developing male sexual characteristics is: Androgen production
An advantage of prescribing a sublingual medication is that the medication is:
A. Absorbed rapidly
Infants and young children are at higher risk of ADRs due to:
B. Lack of safety and efficacy studies in the pediatric population
Pharmacokinetic factors that affect prescribing include:
C. Bioavailability
Carbamazepine has a Black Box warning recommending testing for the HLA-B*1502 allele in patients with Asian ancestry prior to starting therapy due to:
C. Increased risk for Stevens-Johnson syndrome in Asian patients with HLA-B*1502 allele
Genetic polymorphisms account for differences in metabolism, including:
D. All of the above
A patient may develop neutropenia from using topical Silvadene for burns. Neutropenia is a(n):
A. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
The elderly are at high risk of ADRs due to:
D. Age-related decrease in renal function
The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50% is called: Half-life
The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor lisinopril is a known teratogen. Teratogens cause Type ADR
D
Common OTC pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen:
Are harmful if taken in higher than recommended amounts
A patient’s nutritional intake and lab work reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is critical to prescribing because:
Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected
Warfarin resistance may be seen in patients with VCORC1 mutation, leading to: Decreased response to warfarin
The first step in the prescribing process according to the World Health Organization is: C.
Diagnosing the patient’s problem
A nurse practitioner would prescribe the liquid form of ibuprofen for a six-year-old because: A six-year-old may have problems swallowing a pill
The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is the:
C
Onset of Action
When obtaining a drug history from Harold, he gives you a complete list of his prescription medications. He denies taking any other drugs, but you find that he occasionally takes aspirin for his arthritis flare-ups. This is an example of
A common misconception that intermittently taken OTC medications are not an important part of his drug history
Which one of the following statements about bioavailability is true?
*Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges or sustained release mechanisms
All brands of a drug have the same bioavailability
Drugs that are administered more than once a day have a greater bioavailability than drugs given once daily
Combining an active drug with an inert substance does not affect bioavailability
Beta blockers treat hypertension because they:
Reduce peripheral resistance
Which of the following is true about procainamide and its dosing schedule?
Doses of this drug should be taken evenly spaced around the clock to keep an even blood level.
Dulcea has type II diabetes and a high triglyceride level. She has gemfibrozil prescribed to treat her hypertriglyceridemia. A history of which of the following might contraindicate the use of this drug?
Gallbladder disease
Patients who have angina, regardless of Class who are also diabetic should be on ? ACE Inhibitors
Donald has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. On the basis of his lipid profile, atorvastatin is prescribed. Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but serious adverse response to this drug. Donald should be told to:
Report muscle weakness or tenderness and dark urine to his provider immediately
ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic patients because they:
A. Improve insulin sensitivity
B. Improve renal hemodynamics
C. Reduce the production of angiotensin II
D. All of the above Definition
First-line therapy for hyperlipidemia is:
Lifestyle changes
Isosorbide dinitrate is a long-acting nitrate given twice daily (BID). The schedule for administration is 7 a.m. and 2 p.m. because
Nitrate tolerance can develop
Jamie is a thirty-four-year-old pregnant woman with familial hyperlipidemia and elevated LDL levels. What is the appropriate treatment for a pregnant woman?
Bile acid-binding resins
Heart failure is a chronic condition that can be adequately managed in primary care. However, consultation with or referral to a cardiologist is appropriate when:
Symptoms markedly worsen or the patient becomes hypotensive and has syncope. There is evidence of progressive renal insufficiency or failure.
The patient remains symptomatic on optimal doses of an ACE inhibitor, a beta blocker, and a diuretic.
All the above options are correct.
Rodrigo has been prescribed procainamide after an episode of MI. He is monitored for dyspnea, jugular venous distention, and peripheral edema because they may indicate:
Onset of congestive heart failure
Compelling indications for an ACE inhibitor as treatment for hypertension based on clinical trials include:
Renal parenchymal disease
Which of the following disease processes could be made worse by taking a nonselective beta blocker?
Asthma might worsen.
Diabetes might worsen.
Both might worsen.
The American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology have devised a classification system for heart failure that can be used to direct treatment. Patients with symptoms and underlying disease are classified as:
C.
Stage C
Phil is a fifty-four-year-old male with multiple risk factors who has been on a high-dose statin for three months to treat his high LDL level. His LDL is 135 mg/dL, and his triglycerides are elevated. A reasonable change in therapy would be to:
Continue the statin and add in ezetimibe
Which of the following drugs has been associated with increased risk for MI in women? Estrogen replacement
Treatments for heart failure, including drug therapy, are based on the stages developed by the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology. Stage A patients are: Treated with drugs for hypertension and hyperlipidemia, if they exist
A potentially life threatening adverse response to ACE inhibitors is angioedema. Which of the following statements is true about this adverse response?
Swelling of the tongue and hoarseness are the most common symptoms
A stepwise approach to the pharmacologic management of asthma:
Begins with determining the severity of the asthma and assessing asthma control
A patient with a COPD exacerbation may require:
Systemic corticosteroid burst
The first-line treatment for cough related to a upper respiratory infection in a five-year-old is: Fluids and symptomatic care [Show Less]